Italy is a parliamentary republic located in southern Europe with a population of around 60.4 million. Rome is its capital city. The Italian flag consists of three equal bands of green, white, and red representing the country's land, snow, and blood of patriots. Italy has a variety of climates from subtropical in the south to cold in the north. Rome is a cosmopolitan city with ancient ruins like the Colosseum, once the largest amphitheater in the world. The document goes on to provide details on greetings, famous Italians like Dante Alighieri, schools, course offerings, and famous Italian products like Parmesan cheese.