This document discusses the process of urbanization in Dhaka, Bangladesh and how it has impacted the relationship between urban and rural areas. It notes that rapid urban growth has physically separated cities from natural resources like water and open spaces. The lack of connection between urban and environmental areas has exacerbated water crises and degraded the land. The document argues that water can be a sustainable element to reconnect cities to surrounding territories if it is incorporated into the spatial structure of urban planning. It examines theories of regionalism, environmentalism, and transects - the grading of habitats from rural to urban. Integrating ecological elements like water and green spaces into urban planning could make cities and their surrounding areas more livable while regenerating the relationship between urban
This document is a thesis submitted by Susan Spencer to fulfill requirements for a Master's degree in Geography. The thesis evaluates New Urbanism and proposes an alternative approach called Social Process Planning. It begins with an abstract that summarizes the thesis. The introduction provides background on the history of planning in the United States, from the City Beautiful movement to modernist planning approaches. It establishes that both of these focused on using physical/spatial forms to shape society and human behavior, referred to as "form-based planning". The introduction argues this approach may not be appropriate for diverse cities and sets up an examination of New Urbanism and a proposal of an alternative.
Landscape urbanism is an approach to urban planning that focuses on designing the landscape of a city rather than its individual buildings. It views the landscape as shaping and organizing the spaces and relationships within a city. Some key aspects of landscape urbanism include an emphasis on horizontal design and open spaces over vertical structures, an approach that allows for flexibility and change over time, and a view of the landscape as interconnecting different urban systems. While landscape urbanism promotes integrating nature and ecology into urban planning, some critics argue it can result in a lack of density and disconnected green spaces, or treat ecology simply as an aesthetic element rather than necessary infrastructure.
The document compares Landscape Urbanism and New Urbanism from a social practices perspective to determine which leads to greener behavior. It analyzes how each approach impacts 7 social practices: travel, food consumption, leisure, shopping, work, gardening, and social contacts. Landscape Urbanism encourages more sustainable practices like gardening but promotes car-dependent lifestyles. New Urbanism advocates higher density and mixed-use development that reduces travel needs and encourages walking/biking, but provides less space for gardening. Overall, New Urbanism appears better equipped to influence behaviors in a green direction by making sustainable options more convenient and accessible.
The city of theory, planning in the face of conflict, contested cities social...Desy Rosnita Sari
The document summarizes three articles about the history and evolution of urban planning. It discusses how the planning paradigm has shifted over time from a focus on design to incorporating more community engagement, data analysis, and consideration of social and political factors. Planners now take on roles as mediators and negotiators to manage conflicts between competing stakeholder groups given the imbalance of power in planning processes. Cities are understood not just as physical forms but as ongoing processes shaped by social, economic and political dynamics over time and place. The messy and political nature of planning challenges the profession to maintain relevance across diverse fields of study and practice.
The document discusses several key themes and concepts related to landscape urbanism. It describes landscape urbanism as developing an ecology that treats all forces in the urban field as interconnected networks over time. It discusses systems theory and how cities can be viewed as ecological systems. It also discusses the themes of processes over time, the staging of surfaces like streets and grids, and viewing the metropolis as a living arena of dynamic processes.
Landscape urbanism is a hybrid of urban design and landscape architecture that focuses on designing spaces for change over time through multi-scalar and synthetic approaches. It draws on local ecology and culture. The term was coined in the 1990s and its status in India is compared to approaches in America and Europe. Grounding methodologies include integrating knowledge from various disciplines, understanding temporality, allowing ideas to translate across scales, and utilizing local intelligence.
The Influence of Property on the City's Sustainable DevelopmentMaria Bakali
This document summarizes a conference paper on the influence of property concepts on urban sustainability. It argues that current notions of private property contribute to environmental degradation in cities by treating urban space primarily as an economic resource rather than environmental heritage. It proposes that unifying fragmented unused spaces between buildings into shared green areas could help cities reduce waste, promote recycling, and improve living conditions in a more sustainable way. The paper presents a case study and proposals for reorganizing an urban square in Athens to transform unused spaces into a park that can help assimilate recycled water and compost from nearby residences.
The rural-urban fringe is an undervalued space that lacks coherent management. It faces competing demands for housing, retail, recreation, and waste management. Planning has taken a piecemeal approach, focusing on urban needs without consideration for those living in the fringe. Adopting an ecosystem services framework and integrating it with spatial planning could provide a holistic way to manage the fringe by accounting for the various economic, social, and environmental benefits it provides. However, challenges remain around stakeholder inclusion, long-term planning, and empowering deprived communities under new localism policies.
This document is a thesis submitted by Susan Spencer to fulfill requirements for a Master's degree in Geography. The thesis evaluates New Urbanism and proposes an alternative approach called Social Process Planning. It begins with an abstract that summarizes the thesis. The introduction provides background on the history of planning in the United States, from the City Beautiful movement to modernist planning approaches. It establishes that both of these focused on using physical/spatial forms to shape society and human behavior, referred to as "form-based planning". The introduction argues this approach may not be appropriate for diverse cities and sets up an examination of New Urbanism and a proposal of an alternative.
Landscape urbanism is an approach to urban planning that focuses on designing the landscape of a city rather than its individual buildings. It views the landscape as shaping and organizing the spaces and relationships within a city. Some key aspects of landscape urbanism include an emphasis on horizontal design and open spaces over vertical structures, an approach that allows for flexibility and change over time, and a view of the landscape as interconnecting different urban systems. While landscape urbanism promotes integrating nature and ecology into urban planning, some critics argue it can result in a lack of density and disconnected green spaces, or treat ecology simply as an aesthetic element rather than necessary infrastructure.
The document compares Landscape Urbanism and New Urbanism from a social practices perspective to determine which leads to greener behavior. It analyzes how each approach impacts 7 social practices: travel, food consumption, leisure, shopping, work, gardening, and social contacts. Landscape Urbanism encourages more sustainable practices like gardening but promotes car-dependent lifestyles. New Urbanism advocates higher density and mixed-use development that reduces travel needs and encourages walking/biking, but provides less space for gardening. Overall, New Urbanism appears better equipped to influence behaviors in a green direction by making sustainable options more convenient and accessible.
The city of theory, planning in the face of conflict, contested cities social...Desy Rosnita Sari
The document summarizes three articles about the history and evolution of urban planning. It discusses how the planning paradigm has shifted over time from a focus on design to incorporating more community engagement, data analysis, and consideration of social and political factors. Planners now take on roles as mediators and negotiators to manage conflicts between competing stakeholder groups given the imbalance of power in planning processes. Cities are understood not just as physical forms but as ongoing processes shaped by social, economic and political dynamics over time and place. The messy and political nature of planning challenges the profession to maintain relevance across diverse fields of study and practice.
The document discusses several key themes and concepts related to landscape urbanism. It describes landscape urbanism as developing an ecology that treats all forces in the urban field as interconnected networks over time. It discusses systems theory and how cities can be viewed as ecological systems. It also discusses the themes of processes over time, the staging of surfaces like streets and grids, and viewing the metropolis as a living arena of dynamic processes.
Landscape urbanism is a hybrid of urban design and landscape architecture that focuses on designing spaces for change over time through multi-scalar and synthetic approaches. It draws on local ecology and culture. The term was coined in the 1990s and its status in India is compared to approaches in America and Europe. Grounding methodologies include integrating knowledge from various disciplines, understanding temporality, allowing ideas to translate across scales, and utilizing local intelligence.
The Influence of Property on the City's Sustainable DevelopmentMaria Bakali
This document summarizes a conference paper on the influence of property concepts on urban sustainability. It argues that current notions of private property contribute to environmental degradation in cities by treating urban space primarily as an economic resource rather than environmental heritage. It proposes that unifying fragmented unused spaces between buildings into shared green areas could help cities reduce waste, promote recycling, and improve living conditions in a more sustainable way. The paper presents a case study and proposals for reorganizing an urban square in Athens to transform unused spaces into a park that can help assimilate recycled water and compost from nearby residences.
The rural-urban fringe is an undervalued space that lacks coherent management. It faces competing demands for housing, retail, recreation, and waste management. Planning has taken a piecemeal approach, focusing on urban needs without consideration for those living in the fringe. Adopting an ecosystem services framework and integrating it with spatial planning could provide a holistic way to manage the fringe by accounting for the various economic, social, and environmental benefits it provides. However, challenges remain around stakeholder inclusion, long-term planning, and empowering deprived communities under new localism policies.
The document discusses placemaking and citizen-led urban planning. It summarizes lessons learned from Northampton, Massachusetts about creating more inclusive public spaces through tactical urbanism and community engagement. Key lessons include that societal cohesion is important for cities, smaller localized plans can work better than top-down approaches, and governments need to listen to communities. The document proposes creating "Placemade" to transform Philippine cities into more livable, sustainable places through simplifying frameworks, inspiring local change, and collaborating with communities on projects like street paintings, gardens, and parklets.
An Urban Design Approach to a Sustainable Compact City in New Growth Potentia...drboon
Existence of Cities always depends on the region for the resources-land, food, water, energy or maybe cheap labor. The resource base is vital for the survival of the cities. With increasing urban sprawl there is a great impact on the future of cities and their sustenance. The primary intent of the study is to demonstrate an Urban Design approach towards a sustainable compact urban model in new growth potential areas (case of Cyberabad, Hyderabad, India) as a means to counteract city’s faceless sprawl and environmental degradation by generating compact high density, low energy, mixed-use living and integrating it with the existing city fabric reducing the ecological footprint for future generations. As the selected site offers good natural features, ecologically sensitive areas of the site i.e. Steep slope areas, catchment channels and climatically unsuitable areas from the open space system of the development. The sustainable compact city design approach balances the environmental loads and the growth of city saving resources, conserving energy and enhancing the quality of life.
This document provides an introduction to the lecture on urban design. It discusses the role, importance and scope of urban design in relation to architecture and urban planning. Urban design is concerned with shaping and designing public spaces in cities and towns, from the scale of streets and squares down to individual buildings. It aims to create places that are good to live in, attractive to visit, and socially and economically successful.
A series of free workshops exploring the importance design plays in fostering the image of a place, from public policy to individual development projects, and from community-scale efforts to design details.
Human Cities : designing sustainable public spaces, A. De Herde promateria
The document discusses the design of sustainable urban public spaces. It defines different types of public spaces like streets, places, and parks. It examines public spaces at the scale of the neighborhood, which is well-suited for dealing with sustainability issues. The design of public spaces should promote their use by making them comfortable, equitable, and participatory for citizens. Key sustainability issues addressed include users and usage, urban density, microclimate, biodiversity, water, acoustics, lighting, and mobility. The approach to designing sustainable public spaces needs to be comprehensive and validated through case studies.
Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks.
Urban planning deals with physical layout of human settlements. The primary concern is the public welfare,which includes considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment,as well as effects on social and economic activities.
Urban planning is considered an interdisciplinary field that includes social science, architecture, human geography, politics, engineering and design sciences. It is closely related to the field of urban design and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings and other urban areas.
Urban planning is also referred to as urban and regional planning, regional planning, town planning, city planning, rural planning, urban development, physical planning, urban management or some combination in various areas worldwide.
The document discusses the concept of "designing with nature" and applying systems thinking to address sustainability challenges like climate change. It examines examples of where applying "levers" or interventions at leverage points in systems, like improving housing to reduce asthma in one neighborhood or establishing food processing in Chicago, had disproportionate positive impacts. The document argues that identifying leverage points can help trigger meaningful changes and advocates planning that engages communities and inspires vision.
Sustainable city planning aims to design cities in a way that considers social, economic, and environmental impacts without compromising future generations' ability to enjoy the same benefits. This involves minimizing energy, water, food, waste and pollution outputs. Sustainable cities benefit from dense urban living that promotes social interaction and public transit use while reducing environmental impacts. Key methods for sustainable city planning include renewable energy sources, green spaces, efficient public transport, optimal building density, urban farming, and walkable neighborhoods. Sustainable architecture, drainage systems, and transportation modes can also contribute to more sustainable urban development.
This document discusses definitions of urban transformation and analyzes case studies of city transformations. It explores how both the physical/material and social/immaterial aspects of cities interact and change over time through urban transformation. The document examines perspectives on urban transformation as changes to a city's physical structure, culture, and population growth. It also considers how the intentions of urban design projects may have unintended consequences and how cities are constantly changing systems that are difficult to exert control over.
Contribution of compact city to urban sustainabilityNaina Gupta
This document discusses the relevance of compact cities in today's context. Compact cities are characterized by dense and proximate development patterns, urban areas linked by public transportation systems, and accessibility to local services and jobs. Compact city development can contribute to urban sustainability through environmental, social, and economic benefits such as reduced CO2 emissions from less automobile dependency, greater accessibility, and higher productivity due to shorter travel times. The document outlines indicators for measuring the compactness and impact of compact city policies and discusses how compact cities can help address challenges of continuing urbanization, global warming, rising energy prices, changing demographics, and local government finances.
Human dimension & cities - The Human ScalePratham Pincha
This document discusses the concept of human scale in urban planning. It defines human scale as comprising three dimensions: population size, physical size of the space, and heterogeneity. Maintaining an ideal balance across these three dimensions has been a challenge for planners. The document argues that as city size and population increase, social relationships decrease and become more indirect. It examines how human scale affects individuals and their relationships within cities. Historical examples of efforts to define limits on city size and population are provided. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of considering scale in planning approaches to identify an appropriate human scale.
Please download to experience animations.
This presentation is prepared for the 2nd stage of submission for Master in Planning dissertation 2015 at CEPT University, Ahmedabad. It comprises of the background for the formulation of the research proposal, the partial research proposal itself, the relevant literature review and the list of references.
The title of the dissertation is 'Revisiting Optimal City Size argument'.
The document discusses urban inertia and how the urban fabric changes more slowly than the uses within the urban space. It argues that architecture can play a role in harmonizing this discrepancy by intervening at a smaller scale through functional schemes that can influence urban growth patterns. It also notes that specifying amenities far in advance for urban planning is difficult, so architecture must be able to flexibly activate sites as needs change. The document calls for analyzing symptoms in urban development where urbanism fails and developing an "inductive urban enhancement" strategy where architecture approaches urban problems with flexible tools to meet urban goals from the bottom-up while urban planning works from the top-down.
Jeff Risoms and Maria Sisternas presentation for the 2nd Annual International Conference on Sustainable Architecture and Urban Development, held in Amman, Jordan, July 2010.
This document discusses factors that contribute to the loss of identity in the newly developed areas of the city of Famagusta in North Cyprus. It analyzes how globalization and urban sprawl have impacted the physical, socio-economic, and socio-cultural structures that traditionally formed the city's identity. The document examines how historical principles of housing construction have been neglected in new developments, resulting in neighborhoods that lack mixed uses and social spaces. In contrast, the traditional neighborhoods and walled city maintain characteristics like narrow streets, courtyards, and squares that better integrate the built environment with the social and cultural identity of the city.
Although there is no consensus on the definition of the peri-urban interface, there is growing recognition among development professionals and insti-tutions that rural and urban features tend increasingly to co-exist within cities and beyond their limits. There is also recognition that the urban–rural dichotomy that is deeply ingrained in planning systems is inadequate for dealing with processes of environmental and developmental change in the peri-urban context. This paper argues that environmental planning and management of the peri-urban interface cannot simply be based on the extrapolation of planning approaches and tools applied in rural and urban areas. Instead, it needs to be based on the construc-tion of an approach that responds to the specific environment, social, economic and institutional aspects of the peri-urban interface. The paper also outlines approaches to environmental planning and management in the peri-urban interface, examin-ing its specificity in terms of both the challenges faced and possible approaches for implementation
The enhancement of small historic centresVIVA_EAST
The enhancement of small historic centres: integration between urban and landscape quality
Authors: Authors: Francesco Selicato, Francesco Rotondo, Pierangela Loconte, Claudia Piscitelli
Urban planning is a technical process that guides development while also considering public welfare and the environment. However, politics can interfere with planning when politicians pursue personal or party interests over strategic goals. This leads to issues like poor planning and decision making, poor project implementation, wasted resources, bias in planning, and unnecessary delays. To achieve effective development, political interference in the planning process must be reduced so that urban planners can do their jobs.
Adaptive capacity, Design Activisim by Fuad-Luke, Atremertrem
1) The document discusses how design has traditionally focused on giving form to industrial, consumer, and information economies within a globalized system, but that a new vision is needed where design takes a more activist role on behalf of society and the environment.
2) It proposes measuring societal success and well-being through concepts like the Happy Planet Index, which considers life expectancy, life satisfaction, and ecological footprint. Countries that top these rankings often surprise by prioritizing community and environment over wealth.
3) Design activism could help society envision and plan for challenges like climate change, food and water security, by taking cues from examples like permaculture design in Cuba that reduced dependence on external inputs through regenerative systems.
The Importance Of Urban Planning On The City Of VancouverAmanda Hengel
Urban planning and management is impacted by a country's level of economic development, as less developed countries often face challenges in allocating sufficient resources and implementing plans, while more developed countries have greater capacity and resources but also increased complexity in urban areas. The document discusses how Vancouver has utilized urban planning principles like eco-density and green building to pursue sustainability goals like becoming carbon neutral by 2030 and the "greenest city on earth". It also outlines the city's Greenest City Action Plan and visions for a strong economy, vibrant neighborhoods, and livable city for future generations.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
The document discusses placemaking and citizen-led urban planning. It summarizes lessons learned from Northampton, Massachusetts about creating more inclusive public spaces through tactical urbanism and community engagement. Key lessons include that societal cohesion is important for cities, smaller localized plans can work better than top-down approaches, and governments need to listen to communities. The document proposes creating "Placemade" to transform Philippine cities into more livable, sustainable places through simplifying frameworks, inspiring local change, and collaborating with communities on projects like street paintings, gardens, and parklets.
An Urban Design Approach to a Sustainable Compact City in New Growth Potentia...drboon
Existence of Cities always depends on the region for the resources-land, food, water, energy or maybe cheap labor. The resource base is vital for the survival of the cities. With increasing urban sprawl there is a great impact on the future of cities and their sustenance. The primary intent of the study is to demonstrate an Urban Design approach towards a sustainable compact urban model in new growth potential areas (case of Cyberabad, Hyderabad, India) as a means to counteract city’s faceless sprawl and environmental degradation by generating compact high density, low energy, mixed-use living and integrating it with the existing city fabric reducing the ecological footprint for future generations. As the selected site offers good natural features, ecologically sensitive areas of the site i.e. Steep slope areas, catchment channels and climatically unsuitable areas from the open space system of the development. The sustainable compact city design approach balances the environmental loads and the growth of city saving resources, conserving energy and enhancing the quality of life.
This document provides an introduction to the lecture on urban design. It discusses the role, importance and scope of urban design in relation to architecture and urban planning. Urban design is concerned with shaping and designing public spaces in cities and towns, from the scale of streets and squares down to individual buildings. It aims to create places that are good to live in, attractive to visit, and socially and economically successful.
A series of free workshops exploring the importance design plays in fostering the image of a place, from public policy to individual development projects, and from community-scale efforts to design details.
Human Cities : designing sustainable public spaces, A. De Herde promateria
The document discusses the design of sustainable urban public spaces. It defines different types of public spaces like streets, places, and parks. It examines public spaces at the scale of the neighborhood, which is well-suited for dealing with sustainability issues. The design of public spaces should promote their use by making them comfortable, equitable, and participatory for citizens. Key sustainability issues addressed include users and usage, urban density, microclimate, biodiversity, water, acoustics, lighting, and mobility. The approach to designing sustainable public spaces needs to be comprehensive and validated through case studies.
Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks.
Urban planning deals with physical layout of human settlements. The primary concern is the public welfare,which includes considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment,as well as effects on social and economic activities.
Urban planning is considered an interdisciplinary field that includes social science, architecture, human geography, politics, engineering and design sciences. It is closely related to the field of urban design and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings and other urban areas.
Urban planning is also referred to as urban and regional planning, regional planning, town planning, city planning, rural planning, urban development, physical planning, urban management or some combination in various areas worldwide.
The document discusses the concept of "designing with nature" and applying systems thinking to address sustainability challenges like climate change. It examines examples of where applying "levers" or interventions at leverage points in systems, like improving housing to reduce asthma in one neighborhood or establishing food processing in Chicago, had disproportionate positive impacts. The document argues that identifying leverage points can help trigger meaningful changes and advocates planning that engages communities and inspires vision.
Sustainable city planning aims to design cities in a way that considers social, economic, and environmental impacts without compromising future generations' ability to enjoy the same benefits. This involves minimizing energy, water, food, waste and pollution outputs. Sustainable cities benefit from dense urban living that promotes social interaction and public transit use while reducing environmental impacts. Key methods for sustainable city planning include renewable energy sources, green spaces, efficient public transport, optimal building density, urban farming, and walkable neighborhoods. Sustainable architecture, drainage systems, and transportation modes can also contribute to more sustainable urban development.
This document discusses definitions of urban transformation and analyzes case studies of city transformations. It explores how both the physical/material and social/immaterial aspects of cities interact and change over time through urban transformation. The document examines perspectives on urban transformation as changes to a city's physical structure, culture, and population growth. It also considers how the intentions of urban design projects may have unintended consequences and how cities are constantly changing systems that are difficult to exert control over.
Contribution of compact city to urban sustainabilityNaina Gupta
This document discusses the relevance of compact cities in today's context. Compact cities are characterized by dense and proximate development patterns, urban areas linked by public transportation systems, and accessibility to local services and jobs. Compact city development can contribute to urban sustainability through environmental, social, and economic benefits such as reduced CO2 emissions from less automobile dependency, greater accessibility, and higher productivity due to shorter travel times. The document outlines indicators for measuring the compactness and impact of compact city policies and discusses how compact cities can help address challenges of continuing urbanization, global warming, rising energy prices, changing demographics, and local government finances.
Human dimension & cities - The Human ScalePratham Pincha
This document discusses the concept of human scale in urban planning. It defines human scale as comprising three dimensions: population size, physical size of the space, and heterogeneity. Maintaining an ideal balance across these three dimensions has been a challenge for planners. The document argues that as city size and population increase, social relationships decrease and become more indirect. It examines how human scale affects individuals and their relationships within cities. Historical examples of efforts to define limits on city size and population are provided. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of considering scale in planning approaches to identify an appropriate human scale.
Please download to experience animations.
This presentation is prepared for the 2nd stage of submission for Master in Planning dissertation 2015 at CEPT University, Ahmedabad. It comprises of the background for the formulation of the research proposal, the partial research proposal itself, the relevant literature review and the list of references.
The title of the dissertation is 'Revisiting Optimal City Size argument'.
The document discusses urban inertia and how the urban fabric changes more slowly than the uses within the urban space. It argues that architecture can play a role in harmonizing this discrepancy by intervening at a smaller scale through functional schemes that can influence urban growth patterns. It also notes that specifying amenities far in advance for urban planning is difficult, so architecture must be able to flexibly activate sites as needs change. The document calls for analyzing symptoms in urban development where urbanism fails and developing an "inductive urban enhancement" strategy where architecture approaches urban problems with flexible tools to meet urban goals from the bottom-up while urban planning works from the top-down.
Jeff Risoms and Maria Sisternas presentation for the 2nd Annual International Conference on Sustainable Architecture and Urban Development, held in Amman, Jordan, July 2010.
This document discusses factors that contribute to the loss of identity in the newly developed areas of the city of Famagusta in North Cyprus. It analyzes how globalization and urban sprawl have impacted the physical, socio-economic, and socio-cultural structures that traditionally formed the city's identity. The document examines how historical principles of housing construction have been neglected in new developments, resulting in neighborhoods that lack mixed uses and social spaces. In contrast, the traditional neighborhoods and walled city maintain characteristics like narrow streets, courtyards, and squares that better integrate the built environment with the social and cultural identity of the city.
Although there is no consensus on the definition of the peri-urban interface, there is growing recognition among development professionals and insti-tutions that rural and urban features tend increasingly to co-exist within cities and beyond their limits. There is also recognition that the urban–rural dichotomy that is deeply ingrained in planning systems is inadequate for dealing with processes of environmental and developmental change in the peri-urban context. This paper argues that environmental planning and management of the peri-urban interface cannot simply be based on the extrapolation of planning approaches and tools applied in rural and urban areas. Instead, it needs to be based on the construc-tion of an approach that responds to the specific environment, social, economic and institutional aspects of the peri-urban interface. The paper also outlines approaches to environmental planning and management in the peri-urban interface, examin-ing its specificity in terms of both the challenges faced and possible approaches for implementation
The enhancement of small historic centresVIVA_EAST
The enhancement of small historic centres: integration between urban and landscape quality
Authors: Authors: Francesco Selicato, Francesco Rotondo, Pierangela Loconte, Claudia Piscitelli
Urban planning is a technical process that guides development while also considering public welfare and the environment. However, politics can interfere with planning when politicians pursue personal or party interests over strategic goals. This leads to issues like poor planning and decision making, poor project implementation, wasted resources, bias in planning, and unnecessary delays. To achieve effective development, political interference in the planning process must be reduced so that urban planners can do their jobs.
Adaptive capacity, Design Activisim by Fuad-Luke, Atremertrem
1) The document discusses how design has traditionally focused on giving form to industrial, consumer, and information economies within a globalized system, but that a new vision is needed where design takes a more activist role on behalf of society and the environment.
2) It proposes measuring societal success and well-being through concepts like the Happy Planet Index, which considers life expectancy, life satisfaction, and ecological footprint. Countries that top these rankings often surprise by prioritizing community and environment over wealth.
3) Design activism could help society envision and plan for challenges like climate change, food and water security, by taking cues from examples like permaculture design in Cuba that reduced dependence on external inputs through regenerative systems.
The Importance Of Urban Planning On The City Of VancouverAmanda Hengel
Urban planning and management is impacted by a country's level of economic development, as less developed countries often face challenges in allocating sufficient resources and implementing plans, while more developed countries have greater capacity and resources but also increased complexity in urban areas. The document discusses how Vancouver has utilized urban planning principles like eco-density and green building to pursue sustainability goals like becoming carbon neutral by 2030 and the "greenest city on earth". It also outlines the city's Greenest City Action Plan and visions for a strong economy, vibrant neighborhoods, and livable city for future generations.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Infrastructural Urban Voids as an Instrument for Homogenous Urban Fabric Case...civej
This document discusses urban voids created by infrastructure in the city of Kharghar, India. It provides background on urban voids and categorizes them as either functional voids (unused spaces) or planning voids (created during the planning process). It focuses on infrastructural urban voids, which are linear spaces cut out of the urban fabric by transportation infrastructure like highways. The document analyzes specific infrastructural urban voids in Kharghar created by roads and examines how they disrupt the urban form and public realm. It argues these voids could be redesigned as public spaces to improve connectivity and create a more homogeneous urban fabric.
Infrastructural Urban Voids as an Instrument for Homogenous Urban Fabric Case...civejjour
In historic time social factors around the spatial existing framework generated development of the city.
What we see today is contradictory as economic factors govern the growth of the city. Speed of
transformation is noticeably high, while the growth of the city majors in a quantity of physical
infrastructural development rather than the quality of public life. Ironically, when we look at a newly
planned city like Navi Mumbai infrastructural needs sometimes are becoming the reason for the creation of
urban voids in the city fabric. This paper is going to focus on Infrastructural linear voids which are cutting
the morphology of the city. Urban Infrastructural voids in Kharghar are identified and typologies are
formulated by observational study. This paper investigates if we can utilize these Infrastructural urban
voids holistically to formulate a network of public spaces to bind the city holistically.
The document discusses the imperative for sustainable cities. It notes that as more of humanity lives in urban areas, cities face environmental imbalances and social problems due to uncontrolled growth. Achieving sustainability will require cities to incorporate principles like reducing poverty, improving sanitation, and controlling pollution and land use into urban management. The future of humanity depends on implementing urban solutions that benefit citizens in a sustainable way.
City-UD_m.arch Unit 1_lec1 and 2 and 305.pdfNeha Bansal
Urban form refers to the size, shape, and patterns of development of a city. It is influenced by geography, history, transportation networks, and planning or lack thereof. Common urban forms include the compact city, sprawling city, concentric/radial city, and linear city. Understanding a city's form provides insights into how residents utilize and experience urban space and helps in planning for better connectivity, mobility, and quality of life.
This document discusses green urbanism principles and their absence in Cairo's urban planning and public spaces. It summarizes that Cairo has experienced uncontrolled growth that has prioritized development for affluent groups over sustainable environments for all. This has negatively impacted public spaces by focusing them on consumption and heavy investment rather than accessibility. The paper then examines green urbanism principles like renewable energy, waste reduction, and livability to propose applying them through new design processes and scale-specific solutions to revitalize Cairo's public spaces and achieve a more sustainable urban model.
This document discusses the need to incorporate perception-based analysis into architectural pedagogy and methods of analyzing environmental sustainability and spatial waste in urban areas. It argues that current approaches to analysis focus too heavily on abstract tools like maps, drawings and energy calculations, without adequately considering how people experience and perceive space. To better address spatial waste and opportunities for adaptive reuse, architects must develop skills in complex perceptual analysis to engage with intangible layers of space. This requires revising architectural education and training to complement established analytical tools with experiential understanding of how people interact with and transform spaces into places over time.
This document provides an overview of urban planning, sustainable development, sustainable architecture, and sustainable cities. It discusses the history and theories of urban planning and how planners guide development. Technical aspects of planning like land use and infrastructure are examined. The roles of sustainable development, sustainable architecture, and creating sustainable cities to meet needs without compromising the future are also summarized. Urban planning aims to optimize communities while balancing environmental, economic, and social considerations.
Rural Regeneration in Egypt: A Review of Existing Typologies in Borderline AreasIEREK Press
Tracking rural areas and studying them may not be an easy task. The concept of whether the area at hand is urban or rural could be simple, but lately rural areas could carry many features that may deviate the definition into one which is unclear. In urbanized rural development, reversing the urbanization spotted may not be the ideal way to go, urban developers often suggest that to go back to the roots is to regenerate the area back into rural, however, regenerating rural areas using rural parameters and definitions may not be what the urban area in hand needs and the changes and challenges that are facing rural communities in Egypt need to be understood before any plan can be deemed as effective or even worthwhile The rapid increase in urbanization and how it affects agriculture land, shorelines, and rural land, has affected badly therural capacity, and led to a constant threat of overhaul in place of towns, cities, and other urban activities. However, rural areas are the lungs of the planet alongside forests and other green areas and having them diminish substantially will lead to aninevitable catastrophe. Regenerating rural areas should focus on revitalizing and embedding them into the social, cultural, and economic structure of the region, however, it may not always involve turning them back to what is commonly termed as rural.This research attempts to review and discuss the meaning and definitions of rural regeneration with a view to propose a strategic plan to regenerate borderlineareas in Egypt.
This document discusses the concept of compact cities and their role in sustainable urban development. It begins by defining compact cities as high density, mixed use developments with clear boundaries and protected green spaces that encourage public transit use. Compact cities can promote sustainability by reducing travel distances, efficiently using land, and supporting social and economic activity. The document then reviews the historical origins and development of compact city ideas. It discusses how compact cities aim to create efficient, resource-saving urban landscapes that address sustainability challenges like urban sprawl and emissions. Finally, it concludes compact cities can accommodate growth while maintaining environmental character through optimal land use.
This literature review examines city forms and infrastructure related to wastewater management. It explores resilient and distributed city models using nodes and networks. The concept of an "ecological cyborg" that integrates technology and ecology is discussed. Case studies show how Singapore and other cities have integrated natural landscapes with infrastructure. The review aims to inform alternative wastewater network designs that improve city resilience.
This document summarizes a paper presented at the UDG Autumn Conference & Exhibition evaluating the multiple benefits of a Blue-Green approach to urban surface water management. It discusses the development of a Blue-Green Vision for Newcastle, UK through a Learning and Action Alliance involving stakeholders. A hypothetical future scenario was modeled where all pavements and back-alleyways had permeable paving and gardens were greenspace. Modeling showed this Blue-Green infrastructure provided temporary storage and helped alleviate pressure on subsurface drainage systems during heavy rainfall.
1. The document discusses achieving ecological balance in growing cities through culture-environment parity in development planning.
2. It argues that considering both the environment and local culture is necessary to develop cities in a sustainable way and prevent "civilization disasters".
3. The ideal model incorporates cultural values into planning to minimize the "cultural shock of development" and ensure long-term sustainability through community participation and responsibility.
Interface Reconnect: Strategies for Sustainable Peri-Urban Ecological Set-up,...IRJET Journal
This document discusses strategies for sustainable development of peri-urban ecological areas, using the East Kolkata Wetlands as a case study. The wetlands cover 125 sq km and provide livelihoods for local communities through traditional resource management practices. However, the wetlands are under threat from urbanization, infrastructure development, and changes in land use that are pushing out the local economy. The document argues for a decentralized, soft infrastructure approach that balances ecological protection with new development, ensuring long-term sustainability of the wetlands and local communities.
Daylighting the Amorsolo Creek - Participatory Design and the Revival of an U...Rodelon Ramos
Daylighting the Amorsolo Creek - Participatory Design and the Revival of an Urban Waterway in Makati CBD
Author: Rodelon Ramos, Master of Architecture, University of the Philippines Diliman
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
Jane Jacobs was a pioneering thinker in urban planning who advocated an approach focused on the needs of local residents and communities. Some key aspects of her approach include:
- Emphasizing diversity of uses. Jacobs argued mixed-use neighborhoods with a variety of housing, businesses, parks and public spaces were more vibrant and better served local needs. Monofunctional zones separated different activities.
- Supporting walkability. Dense, pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods encouraged casual public oversight that contributed to safety. An over-reliance on automobiles undermined community life.
- Bottom-up planning. Jacobs argued successful neighborhoods evolved organically to meet community needs, not through rigid top-down master plans. Planners should support and enhance what
Urban and spatial planning and design play an important role in shaping sustainable and resilient cities. Effective planning promotes compact and connected urban forms that reduce sprawl, support public transportation, and encourage mixed-used development. This contrasts with unplanned urban extensions and car-centric development, which have led to less sustainable sprawling urban patterns. Good planning also fosters social inclusion, protects cultural heritage and the environment, strengthens resilience, and supports strong economies by improving productivity and land values. Public participation, multi-sectoral coordination, capacity building, and context-specific solutions are essential for successful urban and spatial planning.
Similar to IRJET- Water Imprints: The Process of Contemporary Urbanization for [Re]-Structuring Rural to Urban Transect of Dhaka City (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all