With rapid development of india’s national economy and improvement of living standards, energy issues have turned into serious social problems, restricting further development in the country. Large public buildings in india consume a great quantity of energy, and the indian government has rolled out a number of programs to retrofit them. Many retrofit technologies are readily available in india. However, there is uncertainty about technology effectiveness and which technologies work better in which climate zone. Only spotty analyses and summaries of real projects are available in literature. This report compares and analyzes these technologies in detail and provides some guidance in selecting economically effective approaches to retrofitting large public buildings. The first section sorts out some common building energysaving technologies and describes each technology with real projects. This section offers related background information for calculations later in the report.the second section summarizes energy consumption in office buildings and retail stores based on a literature survey for three major locations in india. The data includes itemized energy consumption, as well as energy use at whole-building levels. Later, building energy consumption simulation software – equest is used to simulate typical public buildings we constructed out of the literature survey. We calibrated the models, adjusted the usage schedules, and built a series of prototype models for all three geographical locations. The last section evaluates the effectiveness of each retrofit technology. Equest simulated the energy consumption with and without retrofit technologies in order to determine savings. We then added a cost analysis and calculated the typical payback period for each technology. Finally, we summarized these findings in tables so that readers can easily compare and understand how much savings and the payback period they can expect before starting a retrofit project.
Synthesis and Refinement of Artificial HVAC Sensor Data Intended for Supervis...IES VE
IES' David McCabe presented at the 9th International Conference Improving Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings and Smart Communities (IEECB&SC’16) in Frankfurt on 16th March 2016.
This presentation was in support of a paper published by IES R&D in conjunction with the EINSTEIN project. The paper can be viewed here: http://www.iesve.com/corporate/media-center/white-papers/general/hvac-afdd-jun2016.pdf
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookIES VE
Daniel Coakley of IES spoke on the topic of “Modelling Natural ventilation in the IESVE: Case studies & Research Outlook” at a half day seminar on 20th April 2016, organised by Cork Institute of Technology (CIT), for researchers, designers, engineers & architects.
With rapid development of india’s national economy and improvement of living standards, energy issues have turned into serious social problems, restricting further development in the country. Large public buildings in india consume a great quantity of energy, and the indian government has rolled out a number of programs to retrofit them. Many retrofit technologies are readily available in india. However, there is uncertainty about technology effectiveness and which technologies work better in which climate zone. Only spotty analyses and summaries of real projects are available in literature. This report compares and analyzes these technologies in detail and provides some guidance in selecting economically effective approaches to retrofitting large public buildings. The first section sorts out some common building energysaving technologies and describes each technology with real projects. This section offers related background information for calculations later in the report.the second section summarizes energy consumption in office buildings and retail stores based on a literature survey for three major locations in india. The data includes itemized energy consumption, as well as energy use at whole-building levels. Later, building energy consumption simulation software – equest is used to simulate typical public buildings we constructed out of the literature survey. We calibrated the models, adjusted the usage schedules, and built a series of prototype models for all three geographical locations. The last section evaluates the effectiveness of each retrofit technology. Equest simulated the energy consumption with and without retrofit technologies in order to determine savings. We then added a cost analysis and calculated the typical payback period for each technology. Finally, we summarized these findings in tables so that readers can easily compare and understand how much savings and the payback period they can expect before starting a retrofit project.
Synthesis and Refinement of Artificial HVAC Sensor Data Intended for Supervis...IES VE
IES' David McCabe presented at the 9th International Conference Improving Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings and Smart Communities (IEECB&SC’16) in Frankfurt on 16th March 2016.
This presentation was in support of a paper published by IES R&D in conjunction with the EINSTEIN project. The paper can be viewed here: http://www.iesve.com/corporate/media-center/white-papers/general/hvac-afdd-jun2016.pdf
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookIES VE
Daniel Coakley of IES spoke on the topic of “Modelling Natural ventilation in the IESVE: Case studies & Research Outlook” at a half day seminar on 20th April 2016, organised by Cork Institute of Technology (CIT), for researchers, designers, engineers & architects.
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING USING DESIGN BUI...ijmech
Buildings contribute impact on CO2 emission and energy consumption. Electric energy
consumption in buildings is about 40% of the total energy consumption of India. In this work building
simulation technology is used to evaluate a variety of envelope thermal characteristics and low carbon
technology in an integrated manner at the early design stage itself to assist the delivering of sustainable
green buildings with a high rating of performance and energy consumption. Building simulation enables
designer to identify the key energy loads, test their strategies and compare permutation of design strategy
in order to optimize the energy consumption.
Design Builder (DB) software is used to carry out a series of sensitivity analysis on set of design
parameters, with an aim to achieve a comfortable and energy efficient building. Several parametric studies
have been conducted to enable building designers to carry out analysis of energy efficient building model
related to building orientation, construction, air infiltration, natural ventilation, window type, openings,
and lighting. To calculate the energy saving, basic condition of building model is compared with Energy
Conservation Building Code (ECBC) building model. Consider basic condition of building is case A and
condition of building according to ECBC is case B.
Analysis of Air Conditioning Arrangement for Two Floor Shopping Complex by us...ijtsrd
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning HVAC system provides thermal comfotness to occupants by supplying cooling air from air conditioning system through duct arrangement in building. The aim of this project is to analyse air conditioning arrangements for two floor shopping complexes using Revit MEP software. First and second floors layouts and ceiling with duct arrangements are created in software and then given positions like spacing and zonings to duct arrangements, finally by analysing the layouts individual cooling and heating loads are generated automatically. Compared to first floor second floor require more load. S. Visweswara Rao | Badisha Gopi | Aggidi Harish | Boda Sumanth ""Analysis of Air Conditioning Arrangement for Two Floor Shopping Complex by using Revit MEP Software"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23257.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23257/analysis-of-air-conditioning-arrangement-for-two-floor-shopping-complex-by-using-revit-mep-software/s-visweswara-rao
Robust Algorithm Development for Application of Pinch Analysis on HENIJERA Editor
Since its genesis, Pinch Analysis is continuously evolving and its application is widening, reaching new horizons. The original concept of pinch approach was quite clear and, because of flexibility of this approach, innumerable applications have been developed in the industry. Consequently, a designer gets thoroughly muddled among these flexibilities. Hence, there was a need for a rigorous and robust model which could guide the optimisation engineer on deciding the applicability of the pinch approach and direct sequential step of procedure in predefined workflow, so that the precision of approach is ensured. Exploring the various options of a novice hands-on algorithm development that can be coded and interfaced with GUI and keeping in mind the difficulties faced by designers, an effort was made to formulate a new algorithm for the optimisation activity. As such, the work aims at easing out application hurdles and providing hands-on information to the Developer for use during preparation of new application tools. This paper presents a new algorithm, the application which ensures the Developer does not violate basic pinch rules. To achieve this, intermittent check gates are provided in the algorithm, which eliminate violation of predefined basic pinch rules, design philosophy, and Engineering Standards and ensure that constraints are adequately considered. On the other side, its sequential instruction to develop the pinch analysis and reiteration promises Maximum Energy Recovery (MER).
Using the software e-QUEST, compute:
1. Plant Energy Utilization Summary
2. Monthly peak and total energy use
3. Monthly energy by end use
4. Energy peak breakdown by end use
For a modern two-story office building that is located in a city of your choice has a
building area 20000 sq.ft.
An energy audit is an inspection, survey and analysis of energy flows, for energy conservation in a building, process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output(s).
The goal of this discussion is to demystify building performance modeling. Computer-simulations give you a more complete picture of how various context and design factors can affect the performance of your space. Modeling information can help you analyze the impacts of your design decisions and determine how to most effectively meet project goals.
Energy modeling is also valuable tool used for code compliance and LEED points. Not to mention the fancy graphics that models produce to show your clientele your commitment to performance-based design.
This discussion will present various opportunities that can arise from building performance simulations with analysis at the early design, whole building, and building component levels. We will examine the following types of analysis:
• Climate
• Daylighting
• Massing and orientation
• Whole building energy usage forecast
• Fenestration design
• Façade development
• Zone level energy performance
• Baseline and design case models
• System selection and optimization
For more information on this training, contact Brittany Grech at bgrech@yrgsustainability.com or (347) 843-3085.
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING USING DESIGN BUI...ijmech
Buildings contribute impact on CO2 emission and energy consumption. Electric energy
consumption in buildings is about 40% of the total energy consumption of India. In this work building
simulation technology is used to evaluate a variety of envelope thermal characteristics and low carbon
technology in an integrated manner at the early design stage itself to assist the delivering of sustainable
green buildings with a high rating of performance and energy consumption. Building simulation enables
designer to identify the key energy loads, test their strategies and compare permutation of design strategy
in order to optimize the energy consumption.
Design Builder (DB) software is used to carry out a series of sensitivity analysis on set of design
parameters, with an aim to achieve a comfortable and energy efficient building. Several parametric studies
have been conducted to enable building designers to carry out analysis of energy efficient building model
related to building orientation, construction, air infiltration, natural ventilation, window type, openings,
and lighting. To calculate the energy saving, basic condition of building model is compared with Energy
Conservation Building Code (ECBC) building model. Consider basic condition of building is case A and
condition of building according to ECBC is case B.
Analysis of Air Conditioning Arrangement for Two Floor Shopping Complex by us...ijtsrd
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning HVAC system provides thermal comfotness to occupants by supplying cooling air from air conditioning system through duct arrangement in building. The aim of this project is to analyse air conditioning arrangements for two floor shopping complexes using Revit MEP software. First and second floors layouts and ceiling with duct arrangements are created in software and then given positions like spacing and zonings to duct arrangements, finally by analysing the layouts individual cooling and heating loads are generated automatically. Compared to first floor second floor require more load. S. Visweswara Rao | Badisha Gopi | Aggidi Harish | Boda Sumanth ""Analysis of Air Conditioning Arrangement for Two Floor Shopping Complex by using Revit MEP Software"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23257.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23257/analysis-of-air-conditioning-arrangement-for-two-floor-shopping-complex-by-using-revit-mep-software/s-visweswara-rao
Robust Algorithm Development for Application of Pinch Analysis on HENIJERA Editor
Since its genesis, Pinch Analysis is continuously evolving and its application is widening, reaching new horizons. The original concept of pinch approach was quite clear and, because of flexibility of this approach, innumerable applications have been developed in the industry. Consequently, a designer gets thoroughly muddled among these flexibilities. Hence, there was a need for a rigorous and robust model which could guide the optimisation engineer on deciding the applicability of the pinch approach and direct sequential step of procedure in predefined workflow, so that the precision of approach is ensured. Exploring the various options of a novice hands-on algorithm development that can be coded and interfaced with GUI and keeping in mind the difficulties faced by designers, an effort was made to formulate a new algorithm for the optimisation activity. As such, the work aims at easing out application hurdles and providing hands-on information to the Developer for use during preparation of new application tools. This paper presents a new algorithm, the application which ensures the Developer does not violate basic pinch rules. To achieve this, intermittent check gates are provided in the algorithm, which eliminate violation of predefined basic pinch rules, design philosophy, and Engineering Standards and ensure that constraints are adequately considered. On the other side, its sequential instruction to develop the pinch analysis and reiteration promises Maximum Energy Recovery (MER).
Using the software e-QUEST, compute:
1. Plant Energy Utilization Summary
2. Monthly peak and total energy use
3. Monthly energy by end use
4. Energy peak breakdown by end use
For a modern two-story office building that is located in a city of your choice has a
building area 20000 sq.ft.
An energy audit is an inspection, survey and analysis of energy flows, for energy conservation in a building, process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output(s).
The goal of this discussion is to demystify building performance modeling. Computer-simulations give you a more complete picture of how various context and design factors can affect the performance of your space. Modeling information can help you analyze the impacts of your design decisions and determine how to most effectively meet project goals.
Energy modeling is also valuable tool used for code compliance and LEED points. Not to mention the fancy graphics that models produce to show your clientele your commitment to performance-based design.
This discussion will present various opportunities that can arise from building performance simulations with analysis at the early design, whole building, and building component levels. We will examine the following types of analysis:
• Climate
• Daylighting
• Massing and orientation
• Whole building energy usage forecast
• Fenestration design
• Façade development
• Zone level energy performance
• Baseline and design case models
• System selection and optimization
For more information on this training, contact Brittany Grech at bgrech@yrgsustainability.com or (347) 843-3085.
Estimation of Cooling Load Calculations for a Commercial Complexijtsrd
In this project we discussed the cooling load calculations for a commercial building by using revit software Window air conditioners, split air conditioners are used in small buildings and offices etc but in big buildings and commercial complex we use central air conditioning systems this systems are installed far away from the buildings. The cooled air is supplied to the building with the help of ducts. When ducts are not properly designed, then it will lead to problem such as frictional loss, higher installation cost, increased noise and power consumption. For minimizing this problem, a proper design of duct is needed. Equal friction method is used to design the duct it gives the comparison of pressure drop in rectangular duct and circular duct. Central air conditioning is more reliable for easy operation with a lower maintenance cost. Cooling load items such as, people heat gain, lighting heat gain, infiltration and ventilation heat gain can easily by using REVIT SOFTWARE. The programme can also be used to calculate cooling load due to walls and roofs. And results were compared with the standard data given by ASHRAE and CARRIER. The RULE OF THUMB method is used to calculate the heat developed in the rooms. These methods are used for lower power consumption capital cost and improve aesthetics of building I. S. N. V. R. Prashanth | V. Nikitha | B. Aravind | N. Mahesh ""Estimation of Cooling Load Calculations for a Commercial Complex"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23322.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23322/estimation-of-cooling-load-calculations-for-a-commercial-complex/i-s-n-v-r-prashanth
The Effect of Building Direction and Natural Airing on Yearly Power UtilizationYogeshIJTSRD
With increasing global warming, the temperature of the atmosphere is also increasing. Given such climate conditions, it becomes compelling to limit the use of artificial energy sources and find ways to help us control the temperature of a place. This paper deals with reducing the energy consumption of a building without affecting its required temperature by combining different building orientations using an information system. It gives a clear picture of the best suited situation for a particular place. We have used the design software and incorporated factors such as the orientation of the building. It will provide us with the required amount of artificial energy, taking the ideal temperature of the building into account. It will also tell us the difference this setup can make in the long term cost of the building. If these parameters are taken into consideration before building design, better returns in terms of energy savings and long term financial benefits can be achieved. Shahid Raza | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "The Effect of Building Direction and Natural Airing on Yearly Power Utilization" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43822.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43822/the-effect-of-building-direction-and-natural-airing-on-yearly-power-utilization/shahid-raza
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Air Water System Design using Revit Mep for a Residential Buildingijtsrd
In this project we discussed the study and performance of air conditioner, air refrigeration and water conditioner system in a single unit. The main objective of this project is to develop the multifunctional system which can provide refrigeration effect, cold water and air conditioning effect with in regular air or space conditioning system. Air and water systems conditioning spaces by distributing the both conditioned air and water to the terminal units installed in the spaces for which the basic plan is given by civil department and the basic design is done by using REVIT MEP software. The air and water are heated or cooled in a central mechanical equipment room. The air supplied is termed as primary air to distinguish it from the recirculated or secondary room air. By using the peak cooling load values obtained in the heating and cooling load calculations the ton of refrigeration values for individual and total area is calculated which will be helpful for selection of accurate design for the residential building. B. Shushma | M. Uday Bhaskar | N. Balaji | G. Srujan Yadav ""Air-Water System Design using Revit Mep for a Residential Building"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23314.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23314/air-water-system-design-using-revit-mep-for-a-residential-building/b-shushma
A hybrid approach for scheduling applications in cloud computing environment IJECEIAES
Cloud computing plays an important role in our daily life. It has direct and positive impact on share and update data, knowledge, storage and scientific resources between various regions. Cloud computing performance heavily based on job scheduling algorithms that are utilized for queue waiting in modern scientific applications. The researchers are considered cloud computing a popular platform for new enforcements. These scheduling algorithms help in design efficient queue lists in cloud as well as they play vital role in reducing waiting for processing time in cloud computing. A novel job scheduling is proposed in this paper to enhance performance of cloud computing and reduce delay time in queue waiting for jobs. The proposed algorithm tries to avoid some significant challenges that throttle from developing applications of cloud computing. However, a smart scheduling technique is proposed in our paper to improve performance processing in cloud applications. Our experimental result of the proposed job scheduling algorithm shows that the proposed schemes possess outstanding enhancing rates with a reduction in waiting time for jobs in queue list.
Analysis of Data Center to quantify the performance in terms of Thermal distr...AM Publications
CFD technology enables designers to predict operating characteristics, validate performance, and visualize flow and/or thermal phenomena which is difficult to capture in the real world. This is critical for AEC applications as prototyping buildings are not practical and retrofitting existing designs is expensive. The impact of CFD on AEC applications is directly related to the interpretation of simulation results; the ability to assess performance, identifies opportunities for improvement, and quantifies the impact of modification. Results visualization provides the opportunity to optimize design performance characteristics such as energy consumption, amount of contaminant entrained, thermal comfort, solar influence, hot air recirculation, and various other metrics of AEC application design performance.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
Similar to IRJET- Development of Generalize Software to Estimate Cooling Load for Air Conditioning Multi-Storey Buildings in C++ (20)
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.