Using the software e-QUEST, compute:
1. Plant Energy Utilization Summary
2. Monthly peak and total energy use
3. Monthly energy by end use
4. Energy peak breakdown by end use
For a modern two-story office building that is located in a city of your choice has a
building area 20000 sq.ft.
HVAC is typically responsible for around 40% of the energy consumption in a building. Frequently, this is the largest energy consuming type of equipment on a site and can therefore provide significant scope for saving energy and money. This fact sheet covers common types of HVAC and will guide you in the right direction to identify energy efficient HVAC initiatives.
The primary objective of this report is to provide a convenient, consistent and accurate method of calculating heating and cooling loads and to enable the designer to select systems that meet the requirement for efficient utilization and are also responsive to environmental needs. The ability to estimate loads more accurately due to changes in the calculation procedure provides a lessened margin of error. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important to survey and check more carefully the load sources, each item in the load and the effect of the system type on the load. Junaid Hussain | Syed Abdul Gaffar "Heat Load Calculation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26571.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/26571/heat-load-calculation/junaid-hussain
All the technical aspects discussed will be limited to the design, application, methods for operating and control, and services of HVAC systems in the Central Utility Complex (CUC). The HVAC systems at Bahrain Airport are limited to Cooling and Air Handling Unit (AHU).
HVAC is typically responsible for around 40% of the energy consumption in a building. Frequently, this is the largest energy consuming type of equipment on a site and can therefore provide significant scope for saving energy and money. This fact sheet covers common types of HVAC and will guide you in the right direction to identify energy efficient HVAC initiatives.
The primary objective of this report is to provide a convenient, consistent and accurate method of calculating heating and cooling loads and to enable the designer to select systems that meet the requirement for efficient utilization and are also responsive to environmental needs. The ability to estimate loads more accurately due to changes in the calculation procedure provides a lessened margin of error. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important to survey and check more carefully the load sources, each item in the load and the effect of the system type on the load. Junaid Hussain | Syed Abdul Gaffar "Heat Load Calculation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26571.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/26571/heat-load-calculation/junaid-hussain
All the technical aspects discussed will be limited to the design, application, methods for operating and control, and services of HVAC systems in the Central Utility Complex (CUC). The HVAC systems at Bahrain Airport are limited to Cooling and Air Handling Unit (AHU).
The Practical Benefits of VRV / VRF System
and feasibility study in comparison with VWV / VWF, Ducted Slit & Decorative Split Systems
With indication of How to earn more LEED Points
Design and Development of Combined system of air cooler and water chiller sys...SANJAY NEOLIA
The Combined system of air cooler and water chiller is developed for providing better cooling effect than the conventional air cooler. It also provides cold water for drinking purpose comparatively at low cost than refrigerator. It also decreased moisture content of the air coming through desert cooler upto some extent.
Abstract To develop a home heating system with high efficiency, the outdoor temperature is not the only parameter to be considered but also disturbances such as ventilation, door/window openings and personal lifestyle. The aim of the project is to develop the home heating system which adapts itself to changing customer demands using fuzzy logic. The energy consumption and the outdoor temperature of the house were monitored over a period of one year to produce the data required to program the fuzzy controller and thereby the appropriate set temperature will be determined. When load disturbances such as door/window openings are given, there is an increase in the energy required by the heater. This additional energy is obtained as an output from the fuzzy controller and given to the heating system. The design, optimization and implementation of the fuzzy controller are supported by LabVIEW software
The Practical Benefits of VRV / VRF System
and feasibility study in comparison with VWV / VWF, Ducted Slit & Decorative Split Systems
With indication of How to earn more LEED Points
Design and Development of Combined system of air cooler and water chiller sys...SANJAY NEOLIA
The Combined system of air cooler and water chiller is developed for providing better cooling effect than the conventional air cooler. It also provides cold water for drinking purpose comparatively at low cost than refrigerator. It also decreased moisture content of the air coming through desert cooler upto some extent.
Abstract To develop a home heating system with high efficiency, the outdoor temperature is not the only parameter to be considered but also disturbances such as ventilation, door/window openings and personal lifestyle. The aim of the project is to develop the home heating system which adapts itself to changing customer demands using fuzzy logic. The energy consumption and the outdoor temperature of the house were monitored over a period of one year to produce the data required to program the fuzzy controller and thereby the appropriate set temperature will be determined. When load disturbances such as door/window openings are given, there is an increase in the energy required by the heater. This additional energy is obtained as an output from the fuzzy controller and given to the heating system. The design, optimization and implementation of the fuzzy controller are supported by LabVIEW software
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Building Energy Simulation project by using eQuestAsadullah Malik
The energy shortage crisis and the rapid change of global climate have become important issues in the world now a days since modern trends are shifting to more sustainable solutions to save energy and to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Generally speaking, when improving energy efficiency and adopting the energy –saving design, the advantage is not only providing low operating cost for stakeholders, but also reducing the negative impact on the global and ambient environment. This study analyzes the surveyed building integral energy consumption, evaluates its energy performance, and gives further recommendations for saving energy costs by using dynamic energy simulation tool eQuest.
Air Water System Design using Revit Mep for a Residential Buildingijtsrd
In this project we discussed the study and performance of air conditioner, air refrigeration and water conditioner system in a single unit. The main objective of this project is to develop the multifunctional system which can provide refrigeration effect, cold water and air conditioning effect with in regular air or space conditioning system. Air and water systems conditioning spaces by distributing the both conditioned air and water to the terminal units installed in the spaces for which the basic plan is given by civil department and the basic design is done by using REVIT MEP software. The air and water are heated or cooled in a central mechanical equipment room. The air supplied is termed as primary air to distinguish it from the recirculated or secondary room air. By using the peak cooling load values obtained in the heating and cooling load calculations the ton of refrigeration values for individual and total area is calculated which will be helpful for selection of accurate design for the residential building. B. Shushma | M. Uday Bhaskar | N. Balaji | G. Srujan Yadav ""Air-Water System Design using Revit Mep for a Residential Building"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23314.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23314/air-water-system-design-using-revit-mep-for-a-residential-building/b-shushma
Load Shifting Assessment of Residential Heat Pump System in JapanIEREK Press
With the economic growth and increasing requirement of indoor thermal comfort, the load of building sector presents a greater variability. This paper aims at analyzing the energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of the residential heat pump system. Firstly, we selected residential households as investigated objective in Kitakyushu, Japan, and compared the energy saving performances of heat supply systems between heat pump and natural gas boiler. The results were based on real measured residential load during winter period, and calculated the cost saving performance of residential heat pump system compared with traditional natural gas boiler. We also did a survey of residential occupation behavior for the 12 selected residential customers. The result indicated that there was low relationship between power consumption and occupation hours, and the number of family members had a significant impact on the power consumption. The results indicate that residential heat pump system presented promising energy saving and cost reduction potential.
Load Shifting Assessment of Residential Heat Pump System in JapanIEREK Press
With the economic growth and increasing requirement of indoor thermal comfort, the load of building sector presents a greater variability. This paper aims at analyzing the energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of the residential heat pump system. Firstly, we selected residential households as investigated objective in Kitakyushu, Japan, and compared the energy saving performances of heat supply systems between heat pump and natural gas boiler. The results were based on real measured residential load during winter period, and calculated the cost saving performance of residential heat pump system compared with traditional natural gas boiler. We also did a survey of residential occupation behavior for the 12 selected residential customers. The result indicated that there was low relationship between power consumption and occupation hours, and the number of family members had a significant impact on the power consumption. The results indicate that residential heat pump system presented promising energy saving and cost reduction potential
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a revolutionary concept that connects everyday objects and devices to the internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data. Imagine a world where your refrigerator notifies you when you’re running low on groceries, or streetlights adjust their brightness based on traffic patterns – that’s the power of IoT. In essence, IoT transforms ordinary objects into smart, interconnected devices, creating a network of endless possibilities.
Here is a blog on the role of electrical and electronics engineers in IOT. Let's dig in!!!!
For more such content visit: https://nttftrg.com/
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
1. MENG 0418 Heating, Ventilating and Air
Conditioning
Fall 2015
Department: Mechanical Engineering
College of Engineering and Physical Sciences
Tuskegee University
Design of HVAC for a Modern Two-story Office Building
Group Members: Avery Augborne, Darryl Hollis,
Donell Hubbard, Asim Manual, Tyrin Thurmon,
Date: December 7, 2015
3. 3
HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING PROJECT
Avery Augborne, Donell Hubbard, Darryl Hollis, Asim Manual, Tyrin Thurmon
Tuskegee University
Mechanical Engineering Department
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this project was to design a two story office building with a fully
functional Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditional (HVAC) system located in Auburn, Alabama.
The system was designed to be cost effective while still being efficient in the amount of energy
that’s produced and used. E-Quest was the required software that computed the energy’s
utilization, monthly peak, and peak by end use. The simulation results showed that the electric
demand for the year would be 2442.5 kW and the gas demand would be 426.43 (
Btu
h
*000). The
building’s electric consumption amount was (58329.45 kWh*000) and the gas consumption
amount was 112.23 (Btu*000,000). Depending on the time of the year, the monthly utility bills
will range anywhere from $3,000.00 to $8,000.00. Along with the time of the year, the system’s
location should be an important component when designing it. Different sites will be equipped
with different standard conditions due to the fact that the weather is different all over the world.
Therefore, each design should be made specifically for the location of the system.
4. 4
INTRODUCTION
From residential to commercial, every building is designed with heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning (HVAC) components. For every building in order for individuals to feel
comfortable inside a building, HVAC components should be a necessity. Working on a location
in Auburn Alabama, a modern two story office building had to be design on E-Quest software.
The building had to be modeled as a single space environment with 20,000 sq∙ft. of area. The
front building face must face the west. While designing the office building, key concepts taught
in the class (Sensible heat, Latent heat, Heat transfer through composite walls, etc.) was revisited
and assisted in calculations. In e-Quest we were able to design our building through various
questions and commands that generated the general building specifications. Other required
specifications included the insulation type and the floor-to-floor height. When all the
specification was inputted, the software calculated the output through a simulation of the yearly
usage. Simulations included the plant energy utilization summary, monthly peak and total energy
use, monthly energy by end use, and energy peak breakdown by end use. Some of the
calculations that were used by the software were sensible and latent heat equations, where;
Sensible heat - hs= 1.1 q dt
Latent heat - hl= 4840 q dwlb
These equations determined the various factors the building needed in order to be
designed properly. For example, the total amount of energy used needed to be calculated for the
heating and cooling of the interior space. Keeping in mind the location of the system and the
time of year it was being designed, the software was able to generate cost and consumption of
the system.
5. 5
PROCEDURE
The following procedures were taken for inputs and criteria for the HVAC system in the
e-QUEST software. First the building structure settings were set to a two-story office type of
building that was set to be located in Auburn, Alabama. The building was set to 20,000 sq. ft.
and the building faced in the west direction. The building was then set as a single zone model.
The floor-to-floor height was set to 13 ft and the R-11 Mass roof was set to have a suspended
ceiling with a 4 ft plenum. The roof surface was set to 24 in OC and R-11 Batt insulation was
used. The ground floor was the over crawl space with 4 inch polystyrene insulation with a vinyl
tile finish. The floor was set to 6 in concrete and 4 sliding atrium doors were set and used with
appropriate dimensions. Then exterior windows were selected along with the suitable activity
area allocation scheduling. The cooling design temperature was designed for 72° F with a supply
of 66° F while the heating design temperature was set to 70° F with a supply of 110° F. The
heating/cooling system was then set to be a water loop heat pump and an economizer. Then one
electric chiller and one fuel boiler was selected for what the central plant utilized. The water
heating system was then set to use a 10 hp circulating –pump and was set to being off during
holidays and weekends. Using the software, the computation of the Plant Energy Utilization
Summary, monthly peak and total energy use, monthly energy by end use, and energy peak
breakdown by end use was conducted.
6. 6
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Figure 1: The graphs and charts above shows the difference between the electric demand and the
gas demand throughout the year. Electric demand is highest in the summer time around July.
Inversely, the gas demand is lowest in the summer time around July, August and September.
7. 7
Figure 2: The graphs and charts above shows the difference between the electric demand and the
gas demand throughout the year. Although the graphs vary throughout the year, the electric
consumption is low in the beginning and end of the year and high in the middle of the year. The
gas consumption seems to stay steady throughout the year.
8. 8
Figure 3: the annual energy consumption by end use is displayed above. The graphs show the
difference between the electric use and fuel use. Although the water heating is only used only by
the fuel, more components are used by electric uses.
9. 9
Figure 4: The system that was designed using the E-Quest software. The building was a two
story office with a door on each side of the building.
10. 10
CONCLUSION
A building’s material, shape, amount of insulation, number of people, changes in energy
use during various times of year and a plethora of additional factors are all important when
creating a simulation of an HVAC system for a fully function building. The group was able to
apply key concepts learned during the course of the semester, including sensible heat, latent heat,
and theoretical calculations. The results show that electricity is used more during the summer
while gas is used more during the winter; which will result in higher utilities bills during the
summer versus the winter because the air conditioning system uses more electricity and costs
more than in the winter where both gas and electricity is being use. The charts for energy
demand and gas demand is similar to the charts for energy consumption and gas consumption.
Differences arise in the winter months were the electricity for space cooling in the electricity
consumption is a lot lower than what was in demand. The gas consumption particularly for water
heating in the summer months was higher than what is demanded for water heating in the
summer months. The energy responsive design is a creative process of integrating the
performance of interfacing systems. Therefore, the final analysis of the simulation’s
consequences of the building must consider the interactions between comprehensive and
affordable.
11. 11
REFERENCES
1. MENG 0418 – Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
2. https://tuskegee.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-611652-dt-content-rid-
754687_1/courses/MENG.0418.01.15FA/Introductory%20Tutorial_E-Quest.pdf
3. http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/docs%5CDataBooks%5C2010_BEDB.pdf
4. https://www.nationalgridus.com/non_html/shared_energyeff_office.pdf