This document provides an overview of current research trends in geopolymer concrete. It discusses how geopolymer concrete is made using industrial byproducts like fly ash and blast furnace slag instead of ordinary Portland cement, making it more sustainable. It summarizes research on the properties of fresh and hardened geopolymer concrete, including workability, strength, and durability. Studies found that geopolymer concrete can achieve comparable or higher strength than OPC concrete, and has improved resistance to sulfate and chloride attack, making it a promising sustainable alternative to traditional concrete.
This document summarizes research on geopolymer materials as an alternative to traditional cement. Geopolymers are inorganic polymers synthesized from an aluminosilicate source and alkaline silicate solution at low temperatures, producing a hard, strong material similar to cement but with lower CO2 emissions. The research focuses on characterizing local aluminosilicate sources for geopolymers and investigating their properties. Challenges include controlling setting times and understanding how processing affects strength. Future work will develop geopolymer composite materials and evaluate long-term durability.
An experimental investigation on properties of ggbs based geopolymer concrete...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Cement is the world's most used construction binder material. Cement production emits large amounts of CO2 and consumes significant amount of energy. As a result, it is necessary to find a new concrete material to replace traditional Portland cement concrete, which is environmentally stressful, yet provides an effective building material. Geopolymer is an emerging alternative binder to Portland cement for making concrete. Geopolymer concrete is principally produced by utilizing industrial by-product materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and other aluminosilicate materials. RCC structures undergo serious durability problems like spalling, erosion, wear, cracking, corrosion etc. years after the construction. Repair to damaged concrete are important not only to ensure the planned useful life, but also to provide good performance and security. This paper review the literature related to the studies conducted on geopolymer and repair materials.
This document summarizes a study on geopolymer concrete. It begins with an abstract stating that geopolymer concrete is an alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete that is more environmentally friendly as it does not require Portland cement. The document then reviews the properties and composition of geopolymer concrete, including that it is produced through a chemical reaction between fly ash or other aluminosilicate materials and alkaline solutions. It discusses prior literature reviewing strengths and properties of geopolymer concrete, including higher compressive strength and better durability than traditional concrete. The document also outlines typical materials used in geopolymer concrete and compares its strength and durability properties to traditional concrete.
Chapter of GEOPOLYMERIC BUILDING MATERIALS BY SYNERGIC UTILISATION OF INDUSTR...Anupam Kumar
This document discusses the development of novel building materials using industrial wastes through geopolymerization. It begins with an introduction to geopolymers and describes the major industrial wastes in India that can be used, namely fly ash, blast furnace slag, and red mud. It then details the materials and methods used to create geopolymer cement, self-glazed tiles, and pavement tiles from these wastes. The geopolymerization process is examined through isothermal conduction calorimetry. Various techniques to increase the reactivity of fly ash are also discussed. The document focuses on processing, structure, and properties of the novel geopolymer products developed for construction applications.
Index page of GEOPOLYMERIC BUILDING MATERIALS BY SYNERGIC UTILISATION OF INDU...Anupam Kumar
This document is a certificate for a seminar submitted by Anupam Kumar on geopolymeric building materials made from industrial wastes. It acknowledges the contributions of his guide Abhishek Chanda and others in helping him complete the seminar. The abstract summarizes that synergistic use of wastes like fly ash, blast furnace slag, and red mud can develop novel building components through geopolymerization. This includes high strength cement, self-glazed tiles, and pavement tiles. The technologies have been developed at a bench scale and efforts are underway to scale them up to a pilot plant level. The report aims to study recycling and use of industrial wastes to make value-added building materials.
STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF FLYASH BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Objective: The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters, NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing, additional water in mix has been investigated. Method: The mix is trailed initially for 8 Molarity. The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The Geopolymer specimens are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages of 3-7-28 days. Findings: The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in curing time. . Applications/ Improvements: Flyash based geopolymer concrete can be used as precast products like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building blocks, electric power poles. They are good resistance towards fire, permeability.
STUDY ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE USED FOR PAVING BLOCKSAM Publications
Paver block is used in various applications like in street road and other construction places. Portland cement generates large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is responsible for global warming hence it is a greenhouse gas. And the concrete paver block production consume large amount of water and space for curing purpose. The other great problem today is disposal of solid waste from Coal fired thermal power plants generate fly ash and pond ash. This project combined sustainability, curing free with waste management leading to a wonderful product called geo-polymer concrete pavers. This paper represents the results of the geopolymer concrete paver block with the mix of M40 grade Test results indicate that low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete pavers has excellent compressive strength within short period (3 days) without water curing & suitable for practical applications
This document summarizes research on geopolymer materials as an alternative to traditional cement. Geopolymers are inorganic polymers synthesized from an aluminosilicate source and alkaline silicate solution at low temperatures, producing a hard, strong material similar to cement but with lower CO2 emissions. The research focuses on characterizing local aluminosilicate sources for geopolymers and investigating their properties. Challenges include controlling setting times and understanding how processing affects strength. Future work will develop geopolymer composite materials and evaluate long-term durability.
An experimental investigation on properties of ggbs based geopolymer concrete...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Cement is the world's most used construction binder material. Cement production emits large amounts of CO2 and consumes significant amount of energy. As a result, it is necessary to find a new concrete material to replace traditional Portland cement concrete, which is environmentally stressful, yet provides an effective building material. Geopolymer is an emerging alternative binder to Portland cement for making concrete. Geopolymer concrete is principally produced by utilizing industrial by-product materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and other aluminosilicate materials. RCC structures undergo serious durability problems like spalling, erosion, wear, cracking, corrosion etc. years after the construction. Repair to damaged concrete are important not only to ensure the planned useful life, but also to provide good performance and security. This paper review the literature related to the studies conducted on geopolymer and repair materials.
This document summarizes a study on geopolymer concrete. It begins with an abstract stating that geopolymer concrete is an alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete that is more environmentally friendly as it does not require Portland cement. The document then reviews the properties and composition of geopolymer concrete, including that it is produced through a chemical reaction between fly ash or other aluminosilicate materials and alkaline solutions. It discusses prior literature reviewing strengths and properties of geopolymer concrete, including higher compressive strength and better durability than traditional concrete. The document also outlines typical materials used in geopolymer concrete and compares its strength and durability properties to traditional concrete.
Chapter of GEOPOLYMERIC BUILDING MATERIALS BY SYNERGIC UTILISATION OF INDUSTR...Anupam Kumar
This document discusses the development of novel building materials using industrial wastes through geopolymerization. It begins with an introduction to geopolymers and describes the major industrial wastes in India that can be used, namely fly ash, blast furnace slag, and red mud. It then details the materials and methods used to create geopolymer cement, self-glazed tiles, and pavement tiles from these wastes. The geopolymerization process is examined through isothermal conduction calorimetry. Various techniques to increase the reactivity of fly ash are also discussed. The document focuses on processing, structure, and properties of the novel geopolymer products developed for construction applications.
Index page of GEOPOLYMERIC BUILDING MATERIALS BY SYNERGIC UTILISATION OF INDU...Anupam Kumar
This document is a certificate for a seminar submitted by Anupam Kumar on geopolymeric building materials made from industrial wastes. It acknowledges the contributions of his guide Abhishek Chanda and others in helping him complete the seminar. The abstract summarizes that synergistic use of wastes like fly ash, blast furnace slag, and red mud can develop novel building components through geopolymerization. This includes high strength cement, self-glazed tiles, and pavement tiles. The technologies have been developed at a bench scale and efforts are underway to scale them up to a pilot plant level. The report aims to study recycling and use of industrial wastes to make value-added building materials.
STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF FLYASH BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Objective: The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters, NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing, additional water in mix has been investigated. Method: The mix is trailed initially for 8 Molarity. The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The Geopolymer specimens are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages of 3-7-28 days. Findings: The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in curing time. . Applications/ Improvements: Flyash based geopolymer concrete can be used as precast products like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building blocks, electric power poles. They are good resistance towards fire, permeability.
STUDY ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE USED FOR PAVING BLOCKSAM Publications
Paver block is used in various applications like in street road and other construction places. Portland cement generates large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is responsible for global warming hence it is a greenhouse gas. And the concrete paver block production consume large amount of water and space for curing purpose. The other great problem today is disposal of solid waste from Coal fired thermal power plants generate fly ash and pond ash. This project combined sustainability, curing free with waste management leading to a wonderful product called geo-polymer concrete pavers. This paper represents the results of the geopolymer concrete paver block with the mix of M40 grade Test results indicate that low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete pavers has excellent compressive strength within short period (3 days) without water curing & suitable for practical applications
This study investigated the use of quarry dust as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete. Fine aggregates were replaced with quarry dust at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight. Concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, water absorption, and density at 28 days. Results showed that compressive strength increased up to 30% replacement, beyond which it decreased. Water absorption increased with higher quarry dust content, indicating a decrease in durability. Density also decreased with more quarry dust, making the concrete lighter. The study found that 30% replacement of fine aggregates with quarry dust provided optimal results.
This document discusses a study on green concrete called geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete reduces cement usage and emissions by using industrial byproducts like fly ash and slag as binders activated by alkaline liquids instead of ordinary Portland cement. The study evaluated different mixes with fly ash, slag, or a combination as the binder. Sodium hydroxide concentration was also varied from 6M to 14M. Specimens were tested for compressive strength at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days as well as sorptivity and XRD analysis at 28 days. Results showed geopolymer concrete has potential to provide a more sustainable alternative to traditional concrete.
Compressive strength variability of brown coal fly ash geopolymer concreteeSAT Publishing House
The document summarizes research investigating the compressive strength variability of geopolymer concrete made with brown coal fly ash as a binder. Testing of six mixes of geopolymer concrete found a large range in 28-day compressive strengths, from 43.81 MPa to 7.21 MPa. Additional chemical analysis found significant variability in the chemical composition of samples from the same brown coal fly ash source, particularly in the silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide contents. This variability is believed to contribute to the variability in compressive strengths and suggests the need for pretreatment and refinement of brown coal fly ash to produce more consistent geopolymer concrete.
A Review on Geopolymer Concrete Using Partial Replacement of Demolished Aggre...cedmmantc5411
This paper reviews the literature related to geopolymer concrete. Concrete is widely used material
for various construction activities due to its versatile character. But it causes environmental pollution due to
production of Portland cement and quarrying of aggregate. Low calcium Fly ash and alkaline liquid as a binder
is being used to replace the Portland cement to produce geo polymer concrete. In geopolymer concrete use of
cement is completely evaded. This can be one of the methods to reduce the environmental pollution. The
alkaline liquid has been used in geopolymerisation is the combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.
The study revealed that there is possibility to replace natural coarse aggregate with demolished concrete in the
geopolymer concrete. By the use of demolished aggregate in concrete, environmental pollution and reduction in
valuable landfill will be evaded.
Commercialisation of geopolymer concrete as part of FP7 SUS-CON projectQUBGeopolymer
The document discusses the development of geopolymer concrete using waste materials as part of an EU research project. It provides background on geopolymer research and describes the goals of developing new sustainable concrete binders from waste streams to reduce environmental impacts. The project aims to commercialize geopolymer concrete by optimizing mixtures using various waste materials as aggregates and alkali activators and understanding the reaction mechanisms.
This document examines using coal ash as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Coal ash was substituted for cement at rates of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. Testing found that concrete with a 5% substitution of coal ash exhibited only a slight decrease in compressive strength of 2% at 28 days while gaining improved workability. Higher substitution rates of 10% and 15% coal ash led to greater decreases in compressive and tensile strength. The study concludes that a 5% substitution of coal ash for cement provides benefits of reduced cost and improved workability with minimal strength impacts, representing an effective use of a waste material that addresses sustainability.
This document summarizes research on biomass aggregate geopolymer concrete in Malaysia. The research explored using biomass aggregate and fly ash to produce self-compacting geopolymer concrete as an alternative to Portland cement concrete. The highest compressive strength achieved was 80 MPa with a slump flow of 530 mm. Geopolymer concrete specimens had lower water penetration and less cracking in acid tests compared to Portland cement concrete. The geopolymer concrete also exhibited less strength reduction when exposed to acid.
This document summarizes literature on geopolymer binders as an alternative to ordinary portland cement. It discusses that the major factors affecting geopolymerization are the type and properties of raw materials used, the alkaline activators, and curing conditions. Raw materials rich in reactive silica and alumina such as fly ash, slag, and clay are commonly used. The concentration of the alkaline activator solution, the ratio of activator to raw materials, and the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide in the activator affect the geopolymerization process. Different optimized conditions are required for different raw material and activator combinations.
CHALLENGES FOR SUCCESSFUL COMMERCIALISATION OF FLY ASH - GGBS GEOPOLYMER BINDERIAEME Publication
Traditionally used Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is becoming less appealing in the construction field due to some major drawbacks such as depletion of natural resources at a faster pace, high demand for Embodied Energy (EE) during its manufacture and massive Embodied CO2 emission (ECO2e) to the environment. In pursuit for an alternative to OPC based concrete, alkaline activated alumino-silicate based inorganic polymer binders, popularly known as geopolymer binders, are being considered as a more sustainable solution. Since 1970’s geopolymer binders are used in combination with OPC as partial substitutes but it has not yet gained momentum as a commercially viable alternative to completely substitute OPC for every application. Obstacles in the commercialization of Geopolymer concrete (GPC) are many even though it has several engineering merits and plays a role in recycling industrial waste. In this short communication, we have made every attempt to address these limitations based on our practical experience. We have also made some recommendations to overcome those barriers.
Fly ash based geopolymer concrete with recycled concrete aggregatezaqqy
This document discusses research into using fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a partial replacement for natural coarse aggregate. The aim was to investigate the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete mixtures containing different percentages of RCA. Four mixtures were tested with 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with RCA. The results indicate the potential for using RCA in geopolymer concrete mixtures as an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to traditional concrete.
STRENGTH PROPERTIES ON FLY ASH BASED GEO POLYMER CONCRETE WITH ADMIXTURESIAEME Publication
Due to increase in environmental problems of the construction industry alternative technologies are emerging. A concrete is used around the world is second only to water. The making of ordinary Portland cement support 5 to 7 percent of total green house gas emission. It also takes large amount of energy .Hence it is necessary to find alternative to cement .Fly ash is a product of coal procured from thermal power plant. It is also good in silicon and alumina. In this experiment the fly ash is used to prepare the geo polymer concrete.geopolymer is a material resulting from the reaction of source materials that is rich in aluminum and silicon. One such material is GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE. It uses a material like fly ash as binding material in place of cement.
The document summarizes research on developing lightweight geopolymer concrete using oil palm shell and palm oil clinker as aggregates. Six concrete mixtures were prepared using palm oil clinker as fine aggregate and oil palm shell partially replacing granite as coarse aggregate. The mechanical properties tested included compressive strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and splitting tensile strength. Test results showed that a grade 35 lightweight geopolymer concrete could be produced with 20% oil palm shell and 80% granite containing up to 50% palm oil clinker fine aggregate, resulting in a concrete 14% lighter than normal weight concrete.
This document discusses geopolymeric building materials. It begins by introducing geopolymers as silico-aluminate materials formed through a natural process and their potential as green building materials. It then discusses the necessity of geopolymeric materials in India due to their lower CO2 emissions compared to Portland cement. The document outlines the main source materials used in geopolymer production such as fly ash and discusses various geopolymeric building materials including geopolymer cement, concrete, paver blocks, and bricks. It concludes by discussing the synergistic use of industrial wastes and potential economic and commercial benefits of geopolymeric materials.
IRJET- Effect of Curing Temperature on the Strength Properties of M30 Gra...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of curing temperature on the strength properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with a grade of M30 that uses manufactured sand (M-sand) instead of river sand. Samples were cured at different temperatures (60°C, 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, 140°C) for 16 hours and tested after 7 days. The study found that samples cured at 100°C achieved higher compressive strength results than those cured at other temperatures. In general, a curing temperature of 100°C was determined to be optimal for developing strength in fly ash-based geopolymer concrete containing M-sand as a fine aggregate.
This document provides information on geopolymer concrete (GPC) submitted by a group of students. It includes an introduction to GPC, which is an alternative to Portland cement concrete that uses industrial byproducts like fly ash. The document discusses the materials used in GPC including fly ash, aggregates, and alkaline activators. It presents the mix design for M20 grade GPC using different molarity alkaline activator solutions. Test results show increasing compressive strength with increasing molarity. Benefits of GPC include reduced CO2 emissions, use of waste materials, fire resistance, and acid resistance. Challenges include developing strength at ambient temperatures and standardization. The conclusion is that GPC is more suitable for pre
IRJET - Material Characteristics of Geopolymer Concrete Incorporated with Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on geopolymer concrete that incorporates fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The main points are:
1) The mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete, such as compressive strength, are enhanced by increasing the amount of GGBS. Incorporating 5% steel fibers also increased strength.
2) Geopolymer concrete can reduce air pollution by eliminating carbon dioxide emissions from cement production. It provides an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete.
3) Previous studies show that geopolymer concrete made from fly ash and GGBS has high compressive strength and is suitable for precast construction applications. The addition of steel slag further
A Study on the Variation of Strength Properties of concrete with Replacement ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the variation of strength properties of concrete with the replacement of cement using nano-silica and fly ash. It aims to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by 20-30% fly ash and 2-6% nano-silica. The experimental results found that the mechanical strength and durability of concrete mixtures with nano-silica and fly ash were greater than that of normal concrete without replacements.
This document summarizes research on geopolymer concrete, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete. It can be created using industrial byproducts such as fly ash and alkaline liquids instead of cement. Several studies discussed found that geopolymer concrete requires high temperature curing but can achieve high strength. The document reviews research showing that replacing fly ash partially with ground granulated blast furnace slag in geopolymer concrete increases strength without the need for oven curing. While research has made progress in developing geopolymer concrete, more information is still needed regarding some aspects of the geopolymerization process.
Mechanical and durability properties of fly ash and slag based geopolymer con...Ghassan Alhamdany
This study investigated the mechanical and durability properties of fly ash and slag based geopolymer concretes (FAGPC and SGPC) compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC). Specimens of each concrete type were exposed to 5% sulfuric acid, 5% magnesium sulfate, and 3.5% sea water solutions for 4 weeks. Mechanical tests including compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength tests were conducted before and after chemical exposure. Visual inspection and weight changes were also evaluated. Results showed SGPC performed stronger and more durable than FAGPC due to its more stable alumina-silicate structure. FAGPC showed better durability than OPC when exposed to chemicals. However,
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IRJET- Characteristic Development of Geopolymer Mortar with Agro-Hybrid FibresIRJET Journal
This document discusses the development and testing of geopolymer mortar made with agro-hybrid fibers. Geopolymer mortar is made from fly ash and an alkaline activator instead of Portland cement. The document tests different ratios of activator solution to fly ash. It finds that higher curing temperatures and times increase compressive strength. Specimens with agro-hybrid fibers were also tested and compared to those without fibers to analyze the effect on crack propagation. The goal is to create a sustainable mortar using industrial waste materials like fly ash.
- The document discusses the resistance of fly ash-based and slag-based geopolymer concrete to sulfate and acid attack.
- Specimens of both geopolymer concretes and ordinary Portland cement concrete were subjected to 5% sodium sulfate and 5% sulfuric acid solutions.
- Test results found that both types of geopolymer concrete underwent very little change in compressive strength under acid and sulfate attack, suggesting their durability is much superior to ordinary cement concrete in these environments.
This study investigated the use of quarry dust as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete. Fine aggregates were replaced with quarry dust at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight. Concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, water absorption, and density at 28 days. Results showed that compressive strength increased up to 30% replacement, beyond which it decreased. Water absorption increased with higher quarry dust content, indicating a decrease in durability. Density also decreased with more quarry dust, making the concrete lighter. The study found that 30% replacement of fine aggregates with quarry dust provided optimal results.
This document discusses a study on green concrete called geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete reduces cement usage and emissions by using industrial byproducts like fly ash and slag as binders activated by alkaline liquids instead of ordinary Portland cement. The study evaluated different mixes with fly ash, slag, or a combination as the binder. Sodium hydroxide concentration was also varied from 6M to 14M. Specimens were tested for compressive strength at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days as well as sorptivity and XRD analysis at 28 days. Results showed geopolymer concrete has potential to provide a more sustainable alternative to traditional concrete.
Compressive strength variability of brown coal fly ash geopolymer concreteeSAT Publishing House
The document summarizes research investigating the compressive strength variability of geopolymer concrete made with brown coal fly ash as a binder. Testing of six mixes of geopolymer concrete found a large range in 28-day compressive strengths, from 43.81 MPa to 7.21 MPa. Additional chemical analysis found significant variability in the chemical composition of samples from the same brown coal fly ash source, particularly in the silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide contents. This variability is believed to contribute to the variability in compressive strengths and suggests the need for pretreatment and refinement of brown coal fly ash to produce more consistent geopolymer concrete.
A Review on Geopolymer Concrete Using Partial Replacement of Demolished Aggre...cedmmantc5411
This paper reviews the literature related to geopolymer concrete. Concrete is widely used material
for various construction activities due to its versatile character. But it causes environmental pollution due to
production of Portland cement and quarrying of aggregate. Low calcium Fly ash and alkaline liquid as a binder
is being used to replace the Portland cement to produce geo polymer concrete. In geopolymer concrete use of
cement is completely evaded. This can be one of the methods to reduce the environmental pollution. The
alkaline liquid has been used in geopolymerisation is the combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.
The study revealed that there is possibility to replace natural coarse aggregate with demolished concrete in the
geopolymer concrete. By the use of demolished aggregate in concrete, environmental pollution and reduction in
valuable landfill will be evaded.
Commercialisation of geopolymer concrete as part of FP7 SUS-CON projectQUBGeopolymer
The document discusses the development of geopolymer concrete using waste materials as part of an EU research project. It provides background on geopolymer research and describes the goals of developing new sustainable concrete binders from waste streams to reduce environmental impacts. The project aims to commercialize geopolymer concrete by optimizing mixtures using various waste materials as aggregates and alkali activators and understanding the reaction mechanisms.
This document examines using coal ash as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Coal ash was substituted for cement at rates of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. Testing found that concrete with a 5% substitution of coal ash exhibited only a slight decrease in compressive strength of 2% at 28 days while gaining improved workability. Higher substitution rates of 10% and 15% coal ash led to greater decreases in compressive and tensile strength. The study concludes that a 5% substitution of coal ash for cement provides benefits of reduced cost and improved workability with minimal strength impacts, representing an effective use of a waste material that addresses sustainability.
This document summarizes research on biomass aggregate geopolymer concrete in Malaysia. The research explored using biomass aggregate and fly ash to produce self-compacting geopolymer concrete as an alternative to Portland cement concrete. The highest compressive strength achieved was 80 MPa with a slump flow of 530 mm. Geopolymer concrete specimens had lower water penetration and less cracking in acid tests compared to Portland cement concrete. The geopolymer concrete also exhibited less strength reduction when exposed to acid.
This document summarizes literature on geopolymer binders as an alternative to ordinary portland cement. It discusses that the major factors affecting geopolymerization are the type and properties of raw materials used, the alkaline activators, and curing conditions. Raw materials rich in reactive silica and alumina such as fly ash, slag, and clay are commonly used. The concentration of the alkaline activator solution, the ratio of activator to raw materials, and the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide in the activator affect the geopolymerization process. Different optimized conditions are required for different raw material and activator combinations.
CHALLENGES FOR SUCCESSFUL COMMERCIALISATION OF FLY ASH - GGBS GEOPOLYMER BINDERIAEME Publication
Traditionally used Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is becoming less appealing in the construction field due to some major drawbacks such as depletion of natural resources at a faster pace, high demand for Embodied Energy (EE) during its manufacture and massive Embodied CO2 emission (ECO2e) to the environment. In pursuit for an alternative to OPC based concrete, alkaline activated alumino-silicate based inorganic polymer binders, popularly known as geopolymer binders, are being considered as a more sustainable solution. Since 1970’s geopolymer binders are used in combination with OPC as partial substitutes but it has not yet gained momentum as a commercially viable alternative to completely substitute OPC for every application. Obstacles in the commercialization of Geopolymer concrete (GPC) are many even though it has several engineering merits and plays a role in recycling industrial waste. In this short communication, we have made every attempt to address these limitations based on our practical experience. We have also made some recommendations to overcome those barriers.
Fly ash based geopolymer concrete with recycled concrete aggregatezaqqy
This document discusses research into using fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a partial replacement for natural coarse aggregate. The aim was to investigate the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete mixtures containing different percentages of RCA. Four mixtures were tested with 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with RCA. The results indicate the potential for using RCA in geopolymer concrete mixtures as an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to traditional concrete.
STRENGTH PROPERTIES ON FLY ASH BASED GEO POLYMER CONCRETE WITH ADMIXTURESIAEME Publication
Due to increase in environmental problems of the construction industry alternative technologies are emerging. A concrete is used around the world is second only to water. The making of ordinary Portland cement support 5 to 7 percent of total green house gas emission. It also takes large amount of energy .Hence it is necessary to find alternative to cement .Fly ash is a product of coal procured from thermal power plant. It is also good in silicon and alumina. In this experiment the fly ash is used to prepare the geo polymer concrete.geopolymer is a material resulting from the reaction of source materials that is rich in aluminum and silicon. One such material is GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE. It uses a material like fly ash as binding material in place of cement.
The document summarizes research on developing lightweight geopolymer concrete using oil palm shell and palm oil clinker as aggregates. Six concrete mixtures were prepared using palm oil clinker as fine aggregate and oil palm shell partially replacing granite as coarse aggregate. The mechanical properties tested included compressive strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and splitting tensile strength. Test results showed that a grade 35 lightweight geopolymer concrete could be produced with 20% oil palm shell and 80% granite containing up to 50% palm oil clinker fine aggregate, resulting in a concrete 14% lighter than normal weight concrete.
This document discusses geopolymeric building materials. It begins by introducing geopolymers as silico-aluminate materials formed through a natural process and their potential as green building materials. It then discusses the necessity of geopolymeric materials in India due to their lower CO2 emissions compared to Portland cement. The document outlines the main source materials used in geopolymer production such as fly ash and discusses various geopolymeric building materials including geopolymer cement, concrete, paver blocks, and bricks. It concludes by discussing the synergistic use of industrial wastes and potential economic and commercial benefits of geopolymeric materials.
IRJET- Effect of Curing Temperature on the Strength Properties of M30 Gra...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of curing temperature on the strength properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with a grade of M30 that uses manufactured sand (M-sand) instead of river sand. Samples were cured at different temperatures (60°C, 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, 140°C) for 16 hours and tested after 7 days. The study found that samples cured at 100°C achieved higher compressive strength results than those cured at other temperatures. In general, a curing temperature of 100°C was determined to be optimal for developing strength in fly ash-based geopolymer concrete containing M-sand as a fine aggregate.
This document provides information on geopolymer concrete (GPC) submitted by a group of students. It includes an introduction to GPC, which is an alternative to Portland cement concrete that uses industrial byproducts like fly ash. The document discusses the materials used in GPC including fly ash, aggregates, and alkaline activators. It presents the mix design for M20 grade GPC using different molarity alkaline activator solutions. Test results show increasing compressive strength with increasing molarity. Benefits of GPC include reduced CO2 emissions, use of waste materials, fire resistance, and acid resistance. Challenges include developing strength at ambient temperatures and standardization. The conclusion is that GPC is more suitable for pre
IRJET - Material Characteristics of Geopolymer Concrete Incorporated with Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on geopolymer concrete that incorporates fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The main points are:
1) The mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete, such as compressive strength, are enhanced by increasing the amount of GGBS. Incorporating 5% steel fibers also increased strength.
2) Geopolymer concrete can reduce air pollution by eliminating carbon dioxide emissions from cement production. It provides an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete.
3) Previous studies show that geopolymer concrete made from fly ash and GGBS has high compressive strength and is suitable for precast construction applications. The addition of steel slag further
A Study on the Variation of Strength Properties of concrete with Replacement ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the variation of strength properties of concrete with the replacement of cement using nano-silica and fly ash. It aims to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by 20-30% fly ash and 2-6% nano-silica. The experimental results found that the mechanical strength and durability of concrete mixtures with nano-silica and fly ash were greater than that of normal concrete without replacements.
This document summarizes research on geopolymer concrete, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete. It can be created using industrial byproducts such as fly ash and alkaline liquids instead of cement. Several studies discussed found that geopolymer concrete requires high temperature curing but can achieve high strength. The document reviews research showing that replacing fly ash partially with ground granulated blast furnace slag in geopolymer concrete increases strength without the need for oven curing. While research has made progress in developing geopolymer concrete, more information is still needed regarding some aspects of the geopolymerization process.
Mechanical and durability properties of fly ash and slag based geopolymer con...Ghassan Alhamdany
This study investigated the mechanical and durability properties of fly ash and slag based geopolymer concretes (FAGPC and SGPC) compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC). Specimens of each concrete type were exposed to 5% sulfuric acid, 5% magnesium sulfate, and 3.5% sea water solutions for 4 weeks. Mechanical tests including compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength tests were conducted before and after chemical exposure. Visual inspection and weight changes were also evaluated. Results showed SGPC performed stronger and more durable than FAGPC due to its more stable alumina-silicate structure. FAGPC showed better durability than OPC when exposed to chemicals. However,
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IRJET- Characteristic Development of Geopolymer Mortar with Agro-Hybrid FibresIRJET Journal
This document discusses the development and testing of geopolymer mortar made with agro-hybrid fibers. Geopolymer mortar is made from fly ash and an alkaline activator instead of Portland cement. The document tests different ratios of activator solution to fly ash. It finds that higher curing temperatures and times increase compressive strength. Specimens with agro-hybrid fibers were also tested and compared to those without fibers to analyze the effect on crack propagation. The goal is to create a sustainable mortar using industrial waste materials like fly ash.
- The document discusses the resistance of fly ash-based and slag-based geopolymer concrete to sulfate and acid attack.
- Specimens of both geopolymer concretes and ordinary Portland cement concrete were subjected to 5% sodium sulfate and 5% sulfuric acid solutions.
- Test results found that both types of geopolymer concrete underwent very little change in compressive strength under acid and sulfate attack, suggesting their durability is much superior to ordinary cement concrete in these environments.
This document presents a study on developing mix designs for fly ash-based geopolymer concrete in lower, medium, and higher grades. The study focused on determining the appropriate mix proportions to achieve different target compressive strengths. Several mix designs were tested and optimized. The key mix design parameters identified were the alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio and the water to geopolymer solids ratio. An example mix design is provided for a target grade of 40 MPa concrete.
Experimental Study On Strength Properties Of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the strength properties of geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete is made from fly ash, alkaline liquids like sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, replacing ordinary Portland cement. The study investigated the compressive strength, flexural strength, Young's modulus, and deflection behavior of geopolymer concrete beams cured at 60°C for 24 hours. The results found that geopolymer concrete can achieve compressive strengths in the range of 20-35 MPa. The measured elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio values of geopolymer concrete were similar to ordinary concrete. The stress-strain behavior of geopolymer concrete under compression also fit well with models for ordinary concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Engineering Properties of Fly Ash based Geopolym...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the engineering properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. The study aims to develop geopolymer concrete using fly ash as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement, in order to reduce CO2 emissions from cement production. The mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete, including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength, are tested and compared to normal concrete under different curing methods. The results show that geopolymer concrete can achieve comparable or higher strengths than normal concrete, with the benefit of significantly lower CO2 emissions in its production.
This document summarizes a literature review on utilizing industrial waste/byproducts to manufacture geopolymer cement/concrete. Some key points:
- Industrial waste from industries like aluminum production, steel, coal power plants, and biomass contain minerals like silica and alumina that can be used to make geopolymer cement, reducing CO2 emissions compared to traditional cement.
- Red mud, fly ash, GGBS, rice husk ash, and bagasse ash have been used successfully to synthesize dry or wet geopolymers. Fly ash, GGBS and RHA-based geopolymer concretes achieved compressive strengths of 50-70 MPa.
- The mechanical properties
IRJET- Strength Development of Fly Ash based Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of fly ash to create geopolymer concrete as an alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete. Fly ash has pozzolanic properties that allow it to react with alkaline liquids like sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate to form a geopolymer binder. The geopolymer binder binds aggregates together to form concrete. The document outlines the methodology used to study the properties and strength of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, including mixing, curing, and testing specimens. It finds that geopolymer concrete has good mechanical properties and represents an environmentally friendly and more sustainable alternative to Portland cement concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Flexural Behaviour of Flyash based Geopolymer Co...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with the addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a supplementary cementitious material. Five mixes were tested with varying percentages of GGBS replacement of fly ash (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%). The mixes were tested at 7 and 28 days for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. The results showed that incorporating GGBS in geopolymer concrete can increase its strength properties while allowing curing at ambient temperatures. This research aims to develop sustainable "green concrete" as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete that can reduce CO2 emissions in the construction industry
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of severe environmental exposure on the properties of geopolymer concrete. The study developed geopolymer concrete with fly ash as the binder material activated with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. Specimens were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength after curing and after immersion in 5% sulfuric acid for periods of time. Results showed geopolymer concrete achieved compressive strengths from 32-38 MPa and had higher residual strengths after acid exposure compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete. The study aimed to evaluate the durability and acid resistance of fly ash geopolymer concrete.
The document describes a study on the strength characteristics of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Eighty-one concrete cubes were cast using a mix design of low-calcium fly ash, coarse and fine aggregates, and an alkaline activator solution to study the effect of parameters on compressive strength. The study found that geopolymer concrete made with fly ash as a binder provided higher strength and was more environmentally friendly than traditional Portland cement concrete. Parameters such as the alkaline activator concentration and use of superplasticizers were found to influence the compressive strength.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF GEO POLYMER CON...IAEME Publication
Geo polymer concrete is a recently developed construction material which is environment friendly and perhaps best alternative to conventional concrete. In the present scenario, where global warming is a big issue due to Co2 emissions, no cement concrete like Geo Polymer Concrete is the big boon for construction industry. The research work carried out on Geo Polymer Concrete and documented in the present paper is a step forward in the direction to encourage the development of Geo Polymer Concrete for its wide application in construction industry. The present paper describes experimental work and analytical work pertaining to Finite Element Analysis using ANSYS software to simulate the flexural behavior of Reinforced Geo Polymer Concrete Beams. The alkaline solution used for present study was the combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution with the varying ratio of 2.50. NaoH solids with 97 - 98% purity is purchased from commercial source and mixed with water to make solution with a concentration of 16 molarity.
IRJET- Investigation on Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses an investigation into geopolymer concrete as an alternative to traditional cement concrete. It provides background on geopolymer concrete, including that it uses an alkaline activator and fly ash as its binding material instead of cement. The document then details the materials and mix proportions used to create geopolymer concrete specimens for the study. Specifically, it used a mix ratio of fly ash to fine and coarse aggregates of 1:1.54:3.43. The specimens were cast and cured by exposure to daylight instead of heat curing. The compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete specimens was then tested at various ages and found to reach the target strength of M25 grade concrete within 14 days of daylight curing.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash and GGBS Based Geopoly...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) based geopolymer concrete. Different mixes were prepared by replacing fly ash at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% levels with GGBS. The concrete was tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength at 3, 7 and 28 days of curing. Both oven curing at 60°C and ambient curing were used. The results showed that replacement of fly ash by GGBS eliminated the need for heat curing of geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete exhibited better mechanical properties than normal concrete and its strength developed rapidly at early ages, making
DURABILITY STRENGTH OF BLENDED CONCRETE MANUFACTURED WITH SLAG AND BLACK RICE...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on the durability strength of blended concrete manufactured with slag and black rice husk ash. The study aimed to develop geopolymer concrete mixtures using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and black rice husk ash (BRHA) as source materials. BRHA was used to replace GGBS at different percentages. The concrete mixtures were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths at various ages. Tests were also conducted to evaluate properties like sorptivity, chloride permeability, and resistance to accelerated corrosion. The results showed that concrete strength increased with higher alkali concentration and curing temperature. Replacing GGBS with over 10% BRHA reduced strength development,
This document discusses the effect of various parameters on the compressive strength of ground bottom ash geopolymer mortar. It examines the effect of molar ratio of SiO2/Na2O, ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH, and curing mode (ambient vs steam). Test results found that a Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2 with a SiO2/Na2O molar ratio of 1 achieved the highest compressive strength under both ambient and steam curing. The document provides background on geopolymers and discusses parameters that influence geopolymer strength such as alkaline liquid to binder ratio and curing conditions.
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
The document discusses factors that influence the compressive strength of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. The factors studied included the molarity of sodium hydroxide solution (8M, 14M, 16M), the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5), the alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio (0.35, 0.40), and the replacement of water in the sodium silicate solution (10%, 20%, 30%). The highest compressive strength of 54 MPa was achieved with 16M NaOH solution, a NaOH to Na2SiO3 ratio of 2.5, and an alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.
Study of Mechanical and Durability properties of Geopolymer concrete Incorpor...IRJET Journal
The document presents a study on the mechanical and durability properties of geopolymer concrete incorporating waste brick powder as a replacement for natural sand. Geopolymer concrete was produced using fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag as binders, activated by an alkaline solution. Tests were conducted to evaluate the properties of the materials and the compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and carbonation resistance of the geopolymer concretes with different replacement levels of waste brick powder for natural sand. The results showed that the solution to binder ratio and waste brick powder content impacted the strength of the geopolymer concretes.
Effect of nano-silica on the chemical durability and mechanical performance ...Ghassan Alhamdany
The document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of nano-silica on the chemical durability and mechanical performance of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Four types of geopolymer concrete with two types of fly ash, with and without nano-silica, were produced and subjected to sulfuric acid, magnesium sulfate, and seawater solutions. The study found that fly ash-based geopolymer concretes showed superior resistance to chemical attacks compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete. Among the chemical environments, sulfuric acid was the most aggressive. The addition of nano-silica improved both the durability and residual mechanical strength of the fly ash-based geopolymer concretes due to lower porosity
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