- Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of small, battery-powered sensor nodes that collect data from the environment and transmit it to each other and a base station. They face challenges related to node mobility, energy efficiency, and lifetime.
- The document discusses clustering in WSNs, which involves organizing nodes into clusters with cluster heads to improve stability and reduce energy consumption. It also covers security issues and applications of WSNs in various fields like healthcare, the environment, and more.
A Comparative Analysis for Hybrid Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor NetworksIJERA Editor
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of smallnodes with sensing, computation and wireless
communicationscapabilities. These sensor networks interconnect a several othernodes when established in large
and this opens up severaltechnical challenges and immense application possibilities.These wireless sensor
networks communicate using multi-hopwireless communications, regular ad hoc routing techniquescannot be
directly applied to sensor networks domain due tothe limited processing power and the finite power available
toeach sensor nodes hence recent advances in wireless sensornetworks have developed many protocols
depending on theapplication and network architecture and are specificallydesigned for sensor networks where
energy awareness is anessential consideration. This paper presents routingprotocols for sensor networks and
compares the routingprotocols that are presently of increasing importance.
In this paper, we propose Hybrid Routing Protocol whichcombines the merits of proactive and reactive approach
andovercome their demerits.
Concealed Data Aggregation with Dynamic Intrusion Detection System to Remove ...csandit
Data Aggregation is a vital aspect in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) and this is because it
reduces the quantity of data to be transmitted over the complex network. In earlier studies
authors used homomorphic encryption properties for concealing statement during aggregation
such that encrypted data can be aggregated algebraically without decrypting them. These
schemes are not applicable for multi applications which lead to proposal of Concealed Data
Aggregation for Multi Applications (CDAMA). It is designed for multi applications, as it
provides secure counting ability. In wireless sensor networks SN are unarmed and are
susceptible to attacks. Considering the defence aspect of wireless environment we have used
DYDOG (Dynamic Intrusion Detection Protocol Model) and a customized key generation
procedure that uses Digital Signatures and also Two Fish Algorithms along with CDAMA for
augmentation of security and throughput. To prove our proposed scheme’s robustness and
effectiveness, we conducted the simulations, inclusive analysis and comparisons at the ending.
The development of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various applications like Defense, Health,
Environment monitoring, Industry etc. always attract many researchers in this field. WSN is the network
which consists of collection of tiny devices called sensor nodes. Sensor node typically combines wireless
radio transmitter-receiver and limited energy, restricted computational processing capacity and
communication band width. These sensor node sense some physical phenomenon using different
transduces. The current improvement in sensor technology has made possible WSNs that have wide and
varied applications. While selecting the right sensor for application a number of characteristics are
important. This paper provides the basics of WSNs including the node characteristics. It also throws light
on the different routing protocols.
A modified clustered based routing protocol to secure wireless sensor network...eSAT Journals
Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of sensor nodes, which form a network by building connections wirelessly, to send detected information from source to destination. Routing Protocols are utilized to shape honest to goodness and littlest routes between a starting node (source) and ending node (destination). Numerous WSN applications use various hierarchical routing protocols. Low Energy Adaptive grouping (LEACH) is the first hierarchical routing protocols and it takes after the standard of forming cluster of nodes and picking a cluster head randomly among the nodes for inter cluster communication. This type of cluster head election leads to attack by adversary node, hence a Modified LEACH algorithm is proposed in this paper. The execution of LEACH and Modified LEACH is assessed utilizing distinctive performance measurements and Modified LEACH was discovered to be extremely compelling in enhancing overall performance of the WSN. MATLAB is made use of, to simulate the undertaking situation. Keywords: WSN, LEACH, Hierarchical protocols, Cluster Head.
A Comparative Analysis for Hybrid Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor NetworksIJERA Editor
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of smallnodes with sensing, computation and wireless
communicationscapabilities. These sensor networks interconnect a several othernodes when established in large
and this opens up severaltechnical challenges and immense application possibilities.These wireless sensor
networks communicate using multi-hopwireless communications, regular ad hoc routing techniquescannot be
directly applied to sensor networks domain due tothe limited processing power and the finite power available
toeach sensor nodes hence recent advances in wireless sensornetworks have developed many protocols
depending on theapplication and network architecture and are specificallydesigned for sensor networks where
energy awareness is anessential consideration. This paper presents routingprotocols for sensor networks and
compares the routingprotocols that are presently of increasing importance.
In this paper, we propose Hybrid Routing Protocol whichcombines the merits of proactive and reactive approach
andovercome their demerits.
Concealed Data Aggregation with Dynamic Intrusion Detection System to Remove ...csandit
Data Aggregation is a vital aspect in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) and this is because it
reduces the quantity of data to be transmitted over the complex network. In earlier studies
authors used homomorphic encryption properties for concealing statement during aggregation
such that encrypted data can be aggregated algebraically without decrypting them. These
schemes are not applicable for multi applications which lead to proposal of Concealed Data
Aggregation for Multi Applications (CDAMA). It is designed for multi applications, as it
provides secure counting ability. In wireless sensor networks SN are unarmed and are
susceptible to attacks. Considering the defence aspect of wireless environment we have used
DYDOG (Dynamic Intrusion Detection Protocol Model) and a customized key generation
procedure that uses Digital Signatures and also Two Fish Algorithms along with CDAMA for
augmentation of security and throughput. To prove our proposed scheme’s robustness and
effectiveness, we conducted the simulations, inclusive analysis and comparisons at the ending.
The development of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various applications like Defense, Health,
Environment monitoring, Industry etc. always attract many researchers in this field. WSN is the network
which consists of collection of tiny devices called sensor nodes. Sensor node typically combines wireless
radio transmitter-receiver and limited energy, restricted computational processing capacity and
communication band width. These sensor node sense some physical phenomenon using different
transduces. The current improvement in sensor technology has made possible WSNs that have wide and
varied applications. While selecting the right sensor for application a number of characteristics are
important. This paper provides the basics of WSNs including the node characteristics. It also throws light
on the different routing protocols.
A modified clustered based routing protocol to secure wireless sensor network...eSAT Journals
Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of sensor nodes, which form a network by building connections wirelessly, to send detected information from source to destination. Routing Protocols are utilized to shape honest to goodness and littlest routes between a starting node (source) and ending node (destination). Numerous WSN applications use various hierarchical routing protocols. Low Energy Adaptive grouping (LEACH) is the first hierarchical routing protocols and it takes after the standard of forming cluster of nodes and picking a cluster head randomly among the nodes for inter cluster communication. This type of cluster head election leads to attack by adversary node, hence a Modified LEACH algorithm is proposed in this paper. The execution of LEACH and Modified LEACH is assessed utilizing distinctive performance measurements and Modified LEACH was discovered to be extremely compelling in enhancing overall performance of the WSN. MATLAB is made use of, to simulate the undertaking situation. Keywords: WSN, LEACH, Hierarchical protocols, Cluster Head.
An active technique for power saving in WSN under additive white gaussian noi...IJECEIAES
The work with feature of self-power supply by solar cell or by the battery or together at the same time. Therefore, the power dissipation is the big problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) especially when it is works for long time. The efficient method for reducing the power consumption within working is needed. The process of reducing waste power is one of the top priorities of scientists and designers of wireless sensor networks. The aim of this paper is to find the dominant method to reduce the power consumption in the wireless sensor network in order to stay works for long time and maintain the links with other nodes without loss of connection and transfer the information correctly. In this paper, a modified method was invented to minimize power utilization per data bit in a connection. This new method depends on the optimization process for reducing the power consumption as low as possible. All the tests of simulation process were done in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Numerical results demonstrated that the new method reduce the power when different values of noise are present with different types of modulation. Also the distance that the WSN will reach the information to it will be increase with presence of various noise amounts with different types of modulation. As a result, the power was decreased and the signal was reach more distance.
Comprehensive Review on Base Energy Efficient Routing ProtocolIJRES Journal
With the faster growing in electronics industry, small inexpensive battery powered wireless sensors have made an impact on the communications with the physical world. The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of hundreds of sensor nodes which are resource constrained. WSN nodes monitor various physical and environmental conditions very cooperatively. WSN uses various nodes for the communication. WSN has become one of the interested areas in the field of research from last few years. To enhance the lifetime of the whole networks energy reduction is the necessary consideration for design and analyse of the clustering and routing protocols. This paper describes the study of various energy efficient routing protocols in WSNs which are important for their designing purpose so as to meet the various resource constraints.
Mobile Ad hoc Network is basically a crew of mobile traffic nodes, which figure an effectual dynamic topology and built a resource mannered network. Mobile Ad hoc Networks are exceptional cases of ad hoc networks that, but it is lacking infrastructure, communicating entities pass with various accelerations. For that reason, this impedes or delay lays the foundation of well built end-to-end communication paths. So Mobile Ad-hoc Network having efficient data transfer. In this manner, MANETs have out of the common network concerns and security challenges to get the advanced connectivity, immune communications, and reputation executives systems which have an impact on the trust in cooperation and settlement between mobile networking units. In this survey paper we confer about the security attributes, attacks, and challenges of MANETs.So, it is important to have a better and good formation algorithm to connect all the nodes to each other. There must be less time, low delay time, more battery life, more speeds of packets.
A SURVEY OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS IN WSNIAEME Publication
Wireless sensor networks are harshly restricted by storage capacity, energy and computing power. Wireless Sensor Networks have acquired a lot of attention by research community, manufacturer as well as actual users for monitoring remote trades and how to gather data in different environment. The wireless sensor nodes are especially battery powered devices having life can be extended for some times while long lasting and reliable for maintaining consumption of energy and network lifetime while designs applications and protocols. So it is essential to design effective and energy efficient protocol in order to enhance the network lifetime. In this paper we present the study of different energy efficient communication protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).Then some of the communication protocols which are widely used in WSNs to improve network performance are also discussed advantages and disadvantages of each protocols.
EFFICIENT HIERARCHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN SENSOR NETWORKSijassn
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the network of hundreds and thousands of micro-sensor nodes,
connecting each other by a wireless medium.WSN provide reliable sensing of the environment, detecting
and reporting events to the sink. One of the most important constraints of WSN is energy consumption.
Since the micro sensors are small in dimension, batteries are necessary to produce power to the network. In
this paper, we have proposed an algorithm for hierarchy based protocols of wireless sensor networks,
which consist of two groups of sensor nodes in a single cluster node. Each cluster consists of a three cluster
head. The event driven data sensing mechanism is used in this paper and this sensed data is transmitted to
the master section head. The gathered data is transmitted to the sink via mobile agent. Hence efficient way
of data transmission is possible with larger group of nodes. In this approach of using hierarchy based
protocols; the lifetime of the sensor network is increased. This paper proposes an innovative approach of
cluster head election. The results are compared with LEACH protocol and proved to be energy efficient.
Secured node detection technique based on artificial neural network for wirel...IJECEIAES
The wireless sensor network is becoming the most popular network in the last recent years as it can measure the environmental conditions and send them to process purposes. Many vital challenges face the deployment of WSNs such as energy consumption and security issues. Various attacks could be subjects against WSNs and cause damage either in the stability of communication or in the destruction of the sensitive data. Thus, the demands of intrusion detection-based energy-efficient techniques rise dramatically as the network deployment becomes vast and complicated. Qualnet simulation is used to measure the performance of the networks. This paper aims to optimize the energy-based intrusion detection technique using the artificial neural network by using MATLAB Simulink. The results show how the optimized method based on the biological nervous systems improves intrusion detection in WSN. In addition to that, the unsecured nodes are affected the network performance negatively and trouble its behavior. The regress analysis for both methods detects the variations when all nodes are secured and when some are unsecured. Thus, Node detection based on packet delivery ratio and energy consumption could efficiently be implemented in an artificial neural network.
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networkiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Survey of Wireless Sensor Network Applicationijsrd.com
Sensor networks offer a powerful combination of distributed sensing, computing and communication. They lend themselves to countless applications and, at the same time, offer numerous challenges due to their peculiarities, primarily the stringent energy constraints to which sensing nodes are typically subjected. The distinguishing traits of sensor networks have a direct impact on the hardware design of the nodes at least four levels: power source, processor, communication hardware, and sensors. Various hardware platforms have already been designed to test the many ideas spawned by the re-search community and to implement applications to virtually all fields of science and technology. We are convinced that CAS will be able to provide a substantial contribution to the development of this exciting field. A wireless sensor network (WSN) has important applications such as remote environmental monitoring and target tracking. This has been enabled by the availability, particularly in recent years, of sensors that are smaller, cheaper, and intelligent. These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces with which they can communicate with one another to form a network. The design of a WSN depends significantly on the application, and it must consider factors such as the environment, the application's design objectives, cost, hardware, and system constraints. The goal of our survey is to present a comprehensive review of the recent literature since the publication of [I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci, A survey on sensor networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2002]. Following a top-down approach, we give an overview of several new applications and then review the literature on various aspects of WSNs. We classify the problems into three different categories: (1) Internal platform and underlying operating system, (2) Communication protocol stack, and (3) Network services, provisioning, and deployment. We review the major development in these three categories and outline new challenges.
Data Flow in Wireless Sensor Network Protocol Stack by using Bellman-Ford Rou...journalBEEI
Wireless sensor network consists various sensor nodes that are used to monitor any target area like forest fire detection by our army person and monitoring any industrial activity by industry manager. Wireless sensor networks have been deployed in several cities to monitor the concentration of dangerous gases for citizens. In wireless sensor network when sensor nodes communicate from each other then routing protocol are used for communication between protocol layers. Wireless sensor network protocol stack consist five layers such as Application layer, Transport layer, Network layer, MAC Layer, Physical layer. In this paper we study and analysis Bellman-Ford routing algorithm and check the flow of data between these protocol layers. For simulation purpose we are using Qualnet 5.0.2 simulator tool.
EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK IN REALISTIC SMART GRID ENV...ijwmn
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a strong candidate for smart grid applications, such as advanced metering infrastructure, demand response management, dynamic pricing, load control, electricity fraud detection, fault diagnostics, substation monitoring and control as well as automation of various elements of the power grid. The realization of these applications directly depends on efficiency of communication facilities among power grid elements. However, the harsh power grid environmental conditions with obstacles, noise,interference, and fading pose great challenges to reliability of these facilities to monitor and control the power grid. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate performance of WSNs in different power grid environments such as 500 kv substations, main power control room, and underground network transformer vaults. The power grid environments are modeled using a log-normal shadowing path loss model channel with realistic parameters. The network is simulated and performance is evaluated using packet delivery ratio, communication delay, and energy consumption. The simulation results have revealed that different environments have considerable impacts on performance of WSNs which make it suitable for most applications that need low data rate with low reliability requirements.
CONCEALED DATA AGGREGATION WITH DYNAMIC INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM TO REMOVE ...cscpconf
Data Aggregation is a vital aspect in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) and this is because it
reduces the quantity of data to be transmitted over the complex network. In earlier studies
authors used homomorphic encryption properties for concealing statement during aggregation
such that encrypted data can be aggregated algebraically without decrypting them. These
schemes are not applicable for multi applications which lead to proposal of Concealed Data
Aggregation for Multi Applications (CDAMA). It is designed for multi applications, as it
provides secure counting ability. In wireless sensor networks SN are unarmed and are
susceptible to attacks. Considering the defence aspect of wireless environment we have used
DYDOG (Dynamic Intrusion Detection Protocol Model) and a customized key generation
procedure that uses Digital Signatures and also Two Fish Algorithms along with CDAMA for
augmentation of security and throughput. To prove our proposed scheme’s robustness and
effectiveness, we conducted the simulations, inclusive analysis and comparisons at the ending.
An active technique for power saving in WSN under additive white gaussian noi...IJECEIAES
The work with feature of self-power supply by solar cell or by the battery or together at the same time. Therefore, the power dissipation is the big problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) especially when it is works for long time. The efficient method for reducing the power consumption within working is needed. The process of reducing waste power is one of the top priorities of scientists and designers of wireless sensor networks. The aim of this paper is to find the dominant method to reduce the power consumption in the wireless sensor network in order to stay works for long time and maintain the links with other nodes without loss of connection and transfer the information correctly. In this paper, a modified method was invented to minimize power utilization per data bit in a connection. This new method depends on the optimization process for reducing the power consumption as low as possible. All the tests of simulation process were done in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Numerical results demonstrated that the new method reduce the power when different values of noise are present with different types of modulation. Also the distance that the WSN will reach the information to it will be increase with presence of various noise amounts with different types of modulation. As a result, the power was decreased and the signal was reach more distance.
Comprehensive Review on Base Energy Efficient Routing ProtocolIJRES Journal
With the faster growing in electronics industry, small inexpensive battery powered wireless sensors have made an impact on the communications with the physical world. The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of hundreds of sensor nodes which are resource constrained. WSN nodes monitor various physical and environmental conditions very cooperatively. WSN uses various nodes for the communication. WSN has become one of the interested areas in the field of research from last few years. To enhance the lifetime of the whole networks energy reduction is the necessary consideration for design and analyse of the clustering and routing protocols. This paper describes the study of various energy efficient routing protocols in WSNs which are important for their designing purpose so as to meet the various resource constraints.
Mobile Ad hoc Network is basically a crew of mobile traffic nodes, which figure an effectual dynamic topology and built a resource mannered network. Mobile Ad hoc Networks are exceptional cases of ad hoc networks that, but it is lacking infrastructure, communicating entities pass with various accelerations. For that reason, this impedes or delay lays the foundation of well built end-to-end communication paths. So Mobile Ad-hoc Network having efficient data transfer. In this manner, MANETs have out of the common network concerns and security challenges to get the advanced connectivity, immune communications, and reputation executives systems which have an impact on the trust in cooperation and settlement between mobile networking units. In this survey paper we confer about the security attributes, attacks, and challenges of MANETs.So, it is important to have a better and good formation algorithm to connect all the nodes to each other. There must be less time, low delay time, more battery life, more speeds of packets.
A SURVEY OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS IN WSNIAEME Publication
Wireless sensor networks are harshly restricted by storage capacity, energy and computing power. Wireless Sensor Networks have acquired a lot of attention by research community, manufacturer as well as actual users for monitoring remote trades and how to gather data in different environment. The wireless sensor nodes are especially battery powered devices having life can be extended for some times while long lasting and reliable for maintaining consumption of energy and network lifetime while designs applications and protocols. So it is essential to design effective and energy efficient protocol in order to enhance the network lifetime. In this paper we present the study of different energy efficient communication protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).Then some of the communication protocols which are widely used in WSNs to improve network performance are also discussed advantages and disadvantages of each protocols.
EFFICIENT HIERARCHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN SENSOR NETWORKSijassn
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the network of hundreds and thousands of micro-sensor nodes,
connecting each other by a wireless medium.WSN provide reliable sensing of the environment, detecting
and reporting events to the sink. One of the most important constraints of WSN is energy consumption.
Since the micro sensors are small in dimension, batteries are necessary to produce power to the network. In
this paper, we have proposed an algorithm for hierarchy based protocols of wireless sensor networks,
which consist of two groups of sensor nodes in a single cluster node. Each cluster consists of a three cluster
head. The event driven data sensing mechanism is used in this paper and this sensed data is transmitted to
the master section head. The gathered data is transmitted to the sink via mobile agent. Hence efficient way
of data transmission is possible with larger group of nodes. In this approach of using hierarchy based
protocols; the lifetime of the sensor network is increased. This paper proposes an innovative approach of
cluster head election. The results are compared with LEACH protocol and proved to be energy efficient.
Secured node detection technique based on artificial neural network for wirel...IJECEIAES
The wireless sensor network is becoming the most popular network in the last recent years as it can measure the environmental conditions and send them to process purposes. Many vital challenges face the deployment of WSNs such as energy consumption and security issues. Various attacks could be subjects against WSNs and cause damage either in the stability of communication or in the destruction of the sensitive data. Thus, the demands of intrusion detection-based energy-efficient techniques rise dramatically as the network deployment becomes vast and complicated. Qualnet simulation is used to measure the performance of the networks. This paper aims to optimize the energy-based intrusion detection technique using the artificial neural network by using MATLAB Simulink. The results show how the optimized method based on the biological nervous systems improves intrusion detection in WSN. In addition to that, the unsecured nodes are affected the network performance negatively and trouble its behavior. The regress analysis for both methods detects the variations when all nodes are secured and when some are unsecured. Thus, Node detection based on packet delivery ratio and energy consumption could efficiently be implemented in an artificial neural network.
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networkiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Survey of Wireless Sensor Network Applicationijsrd.com
Sensor networks offer a powerful combination of distributed sensing, computing and communication. They lend themselves to countless applications and, at the same time, offer numerous challenges due to their peculiarities, primarily the stringent energy constraints to which sensing nodes are typically subjected. The distinguishing traits of sensor networks have a direct impact on the hardware design of the nodes at least four levels: power source, processor, communication hardware, and sensors. Various hardware platforms have already been designed to test the many ideas spawned by the re-search community and to implement applications to virtually all fields of science and technology. We are convinced that CAS will be able to provide a substantial contribution to the development of this exciting field. A wireless sensor network (WSN) has important applications such as remote environmental monitoring and target tracking. This has been enabled by the availability, particularly in recent years, of sensors that are smaller, cheaper, and intelligent. These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces with which they can communicate with one another to form a network. The design of a WSN depends significantly on the application, and it must consider factors such as the environment, the application's design objectives, cost, hardware, and system constraints. The goal of our survey is to present a comprehensive review of the recent literature since the publication of [I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci, A survey on sensor networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2002]. Following a top-down approach, we give an overview of several new applications and then review the literature on various aspects of WSNs. We classify the problems into three different categories: (1) Internal platform and underlying operating system, (2) Communication protocol stack, and (3) Network services, provisioning, and deployment. We review the major development in these three categories and outline new challenges.
Data Flow in Wireless Sensor Network Protocol Stack by using Bellman-Ford Rou...journalBEEI
Wireless sensor network consists various sensor nodes that are used to monitor any target area like forest fire detection by our army person and monitoring any industrial activity by industry manager. Wireless sensor networks have been deployed in several cities to monitor the concentration of dangerous gases for citizens. In wireless sensor network when sensor nodes communicate from each other then routing protocol are used for communication between protocol layers. Wireless sensor network protocol stack consist five layers such as Application layer, Transport layer, Network layer, MAC Layer, Physical layer. In this paper we study and analysis Bellman-Ford routing algorithm and check the flow of data between these protocol layers. For simulation purpose we are using Qualnet 5.0.2 simulator tool.
EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK IN REALISTIC SMART GRID ENV...ijwmn
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a strong candidate for smart grid applications, such as advanced metering infrastructure, demand response management, dynamic pricing, load control, electricity fraud detection, fault diagnostics, substation monitoring and control as well as automation of various elements of the power grid. The realization of these applications directly depends on efficiency of communication facilities among power grid elements. However, the harsh power grid environmental conditions with obstacles, noise,interference, and fading pose great challenges to reliability of these facilities to monitor and control the power grid. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate performance of WSNs in different power grid environments such as 500 kv substations, main power control room, and underground network transformer vaults. The power grid environments are modeled using a log-normal shadowing path loss model channel with realistic parameters. The network is simulated and performance is evaluated using packet delivery ratio, communication delay, and energy consumption. The simulation results have revealed that different environments have considerable impacts on performance of WSNs which make it suitable for most applications that need low data rate with low reliability requirements.
CONCEALED DATA AGGREGATION WITH DYNAMIC INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM TO REMOVE ...cscpconf
Data Aggregation is a vital aspect in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) and this is because it
reduces the quantity of data to be transmitted over the complex network. In earlier studies
authors used homomorphic encryption properties for concealing statement during aggregation
such that encrypted data can be aggregated algebraically without decrypting them. These
schemes are not applicable for multi applications which lead to proposal of Concealed Data
Aggregation for Multi Applications (CDAMA). It is designed for multi applications, as it
provides secure counting ability. In wireless sensor networks SN are unarmed and are
susceptible to attacks. Considering the defence aspect of wireless environment we have used
DYDOG (Dynamic Intrusion Detection Protocol Model) and a customized key generation
procedure that uses Digital Signatures and also Two Fish Algorithms along with CDAMA for
augmentation of security and throughput. To prove our proposed scheme’s robustness and
effectiveness, we conducted the simulations, inclusive analysis and comparisons at the ending.
EVENT DRIVEN ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK- A SURVEYijcsa
Advances in embedded systems have resulted in the development of wireless sensor networks, which not
only provide unique opportunities for monitoring but also controlling homes, cities and the environments.
Recent advancements in wireless sensor network have resulted into many new protocols some of them are
specifically designed for sensor network for detecting the event and routing the event related information to
the base station in efficient manner. This paper surveys recent event driven routing protocols for wireless
sensor network. We have compared various event driven routing protocols using different parameters like
Sink Centric, Node Centric, Reliability, Congestion control, Energy Efficiency, Loss reliability and loss
recovery. We have also described LEACH and MECN protocols but as they are not e
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Energy Efficient Key Management Analysis using AVL Trees in Wireless Sensor N...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Design Issues and Applications of Wireless Sensor Networkijtsrd
Efficient design and implementation of wireless sensor networks has become a hot area of research in recent years, due to the vast potential of sensor networks to enable applications that connect the physical world to the virtual world. By networking large numbers of tiny sensor nodes, it is possible to obtain data about physical phenomena that was difficult or impossible to obtain in more conventional ways. In future as advances in micro-fabrication technology allow the cost of manufacturing sensor nodes to continue to drop, increasing deployments of wireless sensor networks are expected, with the networks eventually growing to large numbers of nodes.Potential applications for such large-scale wireless sensor networks exist in a variety of fields, including medical monitoring, environmental monitoring, surveillance, home security, military operations, and industrial machine monitoring etc. G. Swarnalatha | R. Srilalitha"Design Issues and Applications of Wireless Sensor Network" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd4688.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/4688/design-issues-and-applications-of-wireless-sensor-network/g-swarnalatha
Secure and Efficient DiDrip Protocol for Improving Performance of WSNsINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Wireless Sensor Networks consists of a set of resource constrained devices called nodes that communicate wirelessly with each other. Wireless Sensor Networks have become a key application in number of technologies. It also measures the unit of vulnerability to security threats. Several Protocols are projected to make them secure. Some of the protocols within the sensor network specialize in securing data. These protocols are named as data discovery and dissemination protocols. The data discovery and dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks are utilized for distributing management commands and altering configuration parameters to the sensor nodes. All existing data discovery and dissemination protocols primarily suffer from two drawbacks. Basically, they are support centralized approach (only single station can distribute data item).This approach is not suitable for multiple owner-multiple users. Second, the protocols are not designed with security in mind. This Paper proposes the first distributed knowledge discovery and dissemination protocol called DiDrip which is safer than the existing one. The protocol permits multiple owners to authorize many network users with altogether totally different priorities to at an equivalent time and directly flow into data items to sensor nodes.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SECURITY PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS SENSORijcsa
Intrusion Detection is one of the methods of defending against these attacks. In the proposed a security protocol for homogeneous wireless sensor network; network with all nodes are of same type. Clustering is used to improve the energy efficiency. Zone-Based Cluster Protocol (ZBCA) is used for selection of cluster head which is effective in scalability and energy consumption. Single hop technique is used for
communication within normal nodes and cluster head to base station. Simulation of proposed algorithm is performed in MATLAB. Sleep Deprivation Attack has been analyzed where attacker changes the environmental values by an artificial event. Attacker produces an event in environment due to which nodes have to sense the environment more than once in the same round that increase the power consumption of
the node. This interrupt reduces the network life time as nodes are not allowed to go in sleep mode and they are not able to perform their function of data collection and reporting to Cluster head and Base Station properly. Proposed protocol identifies this attack and prevents it from happening by solating the attacker node.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET-Structure less Efficient Data Aggregation and Data Integrity in Sensor ...IRJET Journal
Kavita Sunchu, Dhainje Prakash " Structure less Efficient Data Aggregation and Data Integrity in Sensor Network ", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net .published by Fast Track Publications
Abstract
Recently, several data aggregation schemes based on privacy homomorphism encryption have been proposed and investigated on wireless sensor networks. These data aggregation techniques provide higher security compared with traditional aggregation since cluster heads (aggregator) can directly aggregate the cipher texts without decryption; consequently, transmission overhead. Data aggregation protocol can reduce the communication cost, so the life time of sensor network is extended. The structure based has the overhead in dynamic scenarios for any event based application. The goal of our work is to design techniques and protocol that is structure free and ensure data integrity and aggregation with low transmission overhead and transmission cost. Experiment results demonstrate that the transmission overhead is still reduced even if on sensing data. Further, the design has been generalized and adopted in wireless sensor networks.
Similar to IRJET- An Introduction to Wireless Sensor Networks, its Challenges and Security (20)
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.