This document describes an IOT-operated wheelchair that can be controlled through hand gestures. The wheelchair was implemented using an Android smartphone equipped with an accelerometer sensor for gesture recognition, a microcontroller, DC motors, an H-bridge motor driver, and Bluetooth. The wheelchair can move forward, backward, left and right based on gestures detected by the smartphone accelerometer. It is intended to help elderly and physically disabled users navigate inside their homes independently without external assistance. Some potential applications mentioned include use in hospitals and for disabled patients.

1. Dr . AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to V.T.U)
BANGALORE-560 056
IOToperated Wheel chair
Submittedby:
LavanyaK
MadhaviSG
VasanthkumarBV
YogeeshM
Under the guidance of:
Smt. Vidya H
Associate professor
Dept. of TCE

2. OVERVIEW:
 Abstract
 Objectives
 Block diagram
 Implementation Details
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Applications
 Future scope
 Conclusion and
 References

3.  Implemented a home navigation system which comprises of a wheel chair which work
on input such as gesture commands
 Can be use by an elderly or physically challenged persons to move inside the home
without any difficulty.
 Equipped with obstacles avoidance technique.
 It is a wheel chair which can be controlled by simple hand gesture.
 It is virtue of the system that even the foot can be substituted in place of the hand for
users who might find that more convenient.
ABSTRACT

4. OBJECTIVES
 The most common image of disability is the people in wheelchairs. Wheelchairs
are used by people who find themselves unequipped to move without external
aid.
 The physically challenged people, who use a normal wheelchair for navigation,
usually require an external person to move around.
 Here comes the need of an automated home navigation system, which consists of
a wheelchair which can be used by the elderly and the physically challenged
people without the help of an external person
 The proposed project can be operated using the gestures of the provided
android mobile phone.

5.  The main concept involved is “Smartphone” which has an operating system as
Android which have inbuilt 3 axis accelerometer and Bluetooth Wireless
technology.
 The aim of this project is to use wheelchair automatically for moving forward,
backward, Left & Right. The overall wheelchair operation uses DC motor and
motor driver module combines with microcontroller system.
The aim of this project is to
controlling a wheel chair and
electrical devices by using
ACCELEROMETER SENSOR which is
a highly sensitive sensor and capable
of detecting the tilt.

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM

7.  3 Axis Acceleration Sensor Board based on ADXL3XX from Analog devices is used
for gesture recognition. It is a first generation 3 axis acceleration sensor.
 User could get acceleration value of X, Y, and Z axis. And it is widely used in shock,
slope, and moving detection. Output sensitivity could be select by simply set voltage
level on few pins.
 The output of the sensor is analog mode. A prototype chair is implemented with a
small chair and 60rpm motors are used to move the chair. A free-wheel is arranged
to change the chair direction according to user’s requirement.
 This project uses 12V rechargeable battery. Speed and directions of the motors are
measured by the accelerometer sensor.
 Crystal oscillator produces a frequency of 11.0592 MHz for the microcontroller unit.
H-bridge is a motor driver which drive the motors.

8. SOFTWARE USED
 Keil ver 5.0
 Embedded ‘C’ Programming language

9. HARDWARE USED
This Wheelchair uses
 dc motors
 3-Axacceleration Sensor
 Microcontroller
 H-Bridge
 Bluetooth

10.  8051-Microcontroller
4 KB ISP
128 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Two 16-bit Timer/Counters
4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
 H-bridge
It has 4 switching elements at the corners of the H and motors cross the cross
bar.
An H bridge is an electronic circuit that enables a voltage to be applied across a load in
either direction.
 3-Axacceleration Sensor
An accelerometer is an apparatus, either mechanical or electromechanical,
for measuring acceleration or deceleration. that is, the rate of increase or
decrease in the velocity of a moving object.

11.  DC Motor
In this project we use simple DC motor for the rotation of
wheel which are responsible for the movement of the wheel
 Bluetooth
It is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over
short distances from fixed and mobile devices.
 It uses radio waves instead of wires or cables to connect
to a phone or Embedded systems.
 It is built into billions of products on the market tody and
connects internet of things

12. APPLICATIONS:
 In hospitals for handicapped patients.
 It can be used by an elderly or physically challenged person to move inside the
home without any difficulty.

13. ADVANTAGES
 Less expensive than the congenital automatic wheel chairs
 Obstacle detection using IR sensors.
 Capable of controlling the wheelchair motion for disabled people
using hand gesture.
 Front wheel drive provides high maneuverability.
DISADVANTAGES
 Require smartphone for operation as accelerometer is the
main device over which the main system is dependent.
 Battery recharging is needed so smart phone battery
and battery to drive the motor have to periodically
recharge and maintained

14. FUTURE SCOPE
 Can also alarm the user about the obstacles
 Improvements can be made using various body gestures like eye gaze, leg or hand movements
 Movement can be controlled and location can be tracked.
 Development of handicapped wheelchair using nervous system of human.

15. CONCLUSION
 It is capable of controlling wheelchair motion for the disabled using hand gesture.
 Various related work in the field of automated wheelchair.
 The system was successfully implemented to move the wheelchair left, right,
forward, backward or stay in the same position.

16. REFERENCE
1. “Android Based Mobile Drive System”by Dr. Sheilfali Gupta, Anand Bansal,Deeksha, Harshdeep
Singh, Janender Bansal “International Journal of Electronics & Computer Science
Engineering” Volume 3.
2. “Touch Screen Based Wheelchair System” by Vasundhara G.Posugade, Komal
K.Shedge,Chaitali S.Tikhe“International Journal Of Engineering Research and Applications ”
Volume 2,
3. A. Murarka, M. Sridharan and B.Kuipers. 2008. “Detecting obstacles and drop-offs using
stereo and motion cues for safe local motion”.IEEE/RSJ Dept. of ECE @CITech,BangalorePage
4 International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS-08).