report of wheelchair

1. Hand Gesture Controlled Wheelchair
A
Seminar
Presentation
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
(Electronics Engineering)
Under the Guidance
Ms Dighe S.B
Electronics Engineering Department
Submitted By
Hase Saurabh Bhaskar
Chaudhari Abhishek Sanjay
Varpe Avinash Changdev
Varpe Vishal Santosh
Electronics Engineering Department
Electronics Engineering Department
Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner
2022-23

2. Content
• Introduction
• Need of Project
• Idea of Project
• Aims and Objective of Project
• Literature survey
• System development
– Block diagram of project
• Circuit diagram of project
• Design of project
• PCB layout
• Flow chart
• Individual and group
contribution table
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Application
• Project plan/ schedule (Gantt
chart)
• Conclusion
• Future scope
• References

3. Introduction
• Now a day’s 1% of the world’s population needs a wheelchair. An
increased percentage of aging and handicap people who want to
build their personal body function for them wheelchair is the best
assistive device. A handicap or an invalid individual (usually the
disability of the lower part of the body can find it convenient to
move around and drive using the help of a chair constructed on
wheels which can either be pushed by another individual or
propelled either by physical force or electronically. Such a chair is
called as a Wheelchair. The gesture controlled wheel chair is special
kind of wheel chair which works with your hand gesture It is
possible to control the movement of wheel chair is desired direction
just with your hand gesture .You just need to wear a small
transmitting device in your hand which include an acceleration
meter.

4. • This will transmit an appropriate command to the wheel chair so
that it can move into the desired direction they want. Traditional
wheelchairs have some limitations in context to flexibility, bulkiness
and limited functions. Our system allows the users to use hand
gestures for movement and synchronize them with the movement of
the Wheelchair so that they can use it with comfort and ease on all
kinds of terrains without the hurdle or cardio vascular problems or
fatigue. Some existing wheelchairs are fitted with pc for the gesture
recognition. But making use of the pc along with the chair makes it
large and increases complexity. This complexity is reduced by
making use of the accelerometer which is very small, thin, low
power, complete 3-axis accelerometer and it can be placed on the
hand of the patients. Similar existing systems, which make use of
the various kind of sensors increases the complexity if the system is
wired. They also limit the long range communication. This
complexity is removed by using the RF trans-receiver module.
Signals through RF travel larger distance.

5. Need of Project
• The percentage of disabled people has increased in both rural and
urban part of India. The disability could be by birth or due to some
medical or accidental reason.
• Today in India many people are suffering from disability, there are
people whose lower half of the body is paralyzed.
• This Wheelchair will add on to the comfort and make the life of
people bit easier. Around 5 million people are affected from
movement disability.

6. • Percentage of population which suffers from different disabilities
is shown in graph below. Out of total disability maximum people
suffers from disability in movement.
Fig.1 : Percentage of people suffering from different kind
of disability

7. Idea of Project
• We have seen many handicapped peoples in our daily life that will not be
able to move any part of their body without the help of others. We have
seen them moving in their wheelchair with the help of others. But if there
is no helping hand they cannot even move a bit even though there is
wheelchair available with them.
• From these difficulties of persons we are motivated and came up with
model entitled Gesture controlled smart wheelchair. Here we are
implementing hand movement controlled wheelchair so that the
handicapped people can give their hand gestures to move the wheelchair
in required directions.
• Also we are using an IR sensor to find the obstacles in front of the
wheelchair. The main theme of our system is to make the wheelchair
completely automated so that it helps such kind of peoples with all the
facilities required for them. Even it saves manual power and time of the
person who is in charge of helping those peoples.

8. Aim
1. Objective is to make this device simple as well as cheap so that it
could be mass produced and can be used for number of purposes.
2. To provide wheelchair which is controlled with accelerometer for
physically disabled people.
3. Easy to operate because this wheelchair can be operated by even
by users hand.
4. To control wheelchair by another person using gesture technology.
Objectives of Project
 The aim of this project is to make a hand gesture controlled wheel
chair and using Accelerometer as sensor to help the physically
disabled people in moving from one place to another just by giving
direction from the hand.

9. Literature Survey
10 IEEE paper List and brief information of
paper.
• 1……
• 2……
• 3……
• 4……
• ………………………..

10. Literature Survey
Diksha Goyal and Dr. S.P.S Saini [1]:-
• Presented the “Accelerometer based hand gesture controlled
wheelchair “Which describes the work in gesture reorganization use
as application as a wheelchair. In this case was conducted is gesture
is recognized through 3 axes accelerometer sensor. A system is
consisting of use sensors for detecting the gesture or hand
movements. In this system gesture is recognized by the MEMS
accelerometer sensor (Micro Electro Mechanical System).An
accelerometer is electromechanical device that measures the
acceleration forces. This accelerometer sensor is 3 axes sensor it
will attached at fingertips and back of hand .It is movable device.
When it is move the gesture is recognized and wheelchair will
operate according to the movement of sensor. After studying a
design of “Accelerometer based hand gesture controlled wheelchair
“one come to know the system is totally depend on sensor .If the
sensor cannot move in angled position or direction this system
cannot work hence this system is not as much as user friendly. This
system does not provided the reliable support for disabled or
handicapped person.

11. Devikarani Patil, Varalakshmi B.D[2]:-
• Presented the “Hand Gesture Recognition for MP3player using Image
processing Technique and PIC16F8779”describes the=at gesture is
recognized by the image processing through Web camera. This
system proposed the gesture image is taken from web camera and
image will be processed in remote interface using MATLAB controller.
When capturing image is forwarded to the MATLAB it campers to the
database via the (x, y and z) readings of particular objects. The
movement of the object in any direction then values is noted by
accelerometer the movement of accelerometer to the particular set
of directions it will recognize the gestures or particular direction to
operate application. This system used the K-L Transform for
recognizing purpose through image processing. One problem of this
system is the captured image is always in the puzzling task of
separating different sources of images when its different or noisy so it
is not as much as effective.

12. • Survey of Components required for Project with its cost.
NAME OF THE COMPONENT COST
POWER SUPPLY 200
ACCELEROMETER SENSOR 250
MOTOR DRIVER 250
ULTRA SONIC SENSOR 200
DC MOTOR 400
CONNECTING WIRES 150
ARDUINO NANO 800
RF TRANSMITTER 220
RF RECEIVER 220
WHEEL 180
CHAIR KIT 1500
TOTAL 4370/-

13. System Development
• Block Diagram of Project
Fig.2.1 : Transmitter Block Diagram

14. Accelerometer:
Arduino Nano:
RF Transmitter:
Power Supply:

15. Fig.2.2 : Receiver Block Diagram

16. Arduino Nano:
RF Receiver:
Power Supply:
Ultrasonic Sensor:
Motor Driver:
DC Motor:

17. Circuit Diagram of Project
• Transmitter Circuit Diagram :
Fig.3.1 : Transmitter Circuit Diagram

18. • Receiver Circuit Diagram :
Fig.3.2 : Receiver Circuit Diagram

19. Design of Project

20. Continued….

21. PCB layout
• Transmitter PCB layout

22. • Receiver PCB layout

23. Flow chart (Software)

25. Individual & Group Contribution Table

26. Advantages
• It is easy to design and manufacture as all the
components are easily available
• It is portable and hence can be place any where
• It has low cost of manufacturing
• The microcontroller can be reprogrammed if any
modification is required
• Due to wireless communication data rate is faster
• Wireless make ease of operation and tangle free
no need of lengthy wires
• Power consumption is less

27. Disadvantages
• Wireless range is limited
• If power supply fails system won’t works
• Distance travel by chair depends on battery
capacity
• Failure of device/components may can occurs
accidents
• Limited access in rainy season

28. Applications
• In medical hospitals for patients
• Healthcare centers
• Old age home
• Physically handicapped individuals

29. Project Plan / Schedule
(Gantt chart)
Task Name Jul
2021
August
2021
Sep
2021
Oct
2021
Nov
2021
Jan
2022
Feb
2022
March
2022
April
2022

30. Conclusions
• The wheelchair is fully capable of carrying the load up to
110Kg, and moving in accordance to the gesture given by the
person who is using the wheel chair.
• Certain improvisation and improvement can be done to make
the wheelchair more reachable to those whose whole body is
paralyzed.
• Certain eyes gesture or brain signals reader can be imparted
on the wheelchair system so as to make it better.

31. Future Scope
• The hand gesture wheelchair has the ability to bridge the gap
between man and machine. Further this hand gesture can be
changed to speech and brain signal recognition which will be a
battle winning factor for all those people whose whole body is
paralyzed.
• We can further improve wheelchairs by making it with low cost and
high accuracy which are operating by a wireless remote with
various different sensors. An array of sensors can be used and
integrating the inputs of multiple sensors and then processing
them.
• Further safety features can be added into the wheelchair like
implementation of ultrasonic sensor for the object detection. GPS
system can also be implemented to know the exact location of the
person who is in wheelchair and by using GSM module an SMS can
be sent to pre defined number in case of emergency.

32. References
[1] Benjam´ın Romero, Abraham Camacho, Jorge Varona, Carlos Delgado and
Ramiro Vel´azquez Mecatr´onicControl de Sistemas (MCS),
UniversidPanamericana,Aguascalientes, Mexico. IEEE AFRICON2009 23 - 25
September 2009, Nairobi, Kenya “A Low-CostElectric Power Wheelchair with
Manual and Vision-Based Control Systems”
[2] S.Tameemsultana and N. Kali Saranya, “Implementation of Head and
Finger Movement Based Automatic Wheelchair”, BonfrinInternational Journal
of Power Systems and Integrated Circuits, vol. 1, Special Issue, pp 48-51,
December 2011.
[3] Sangmeshwar S. Kendreet. Al, “Voice activated Multiprocessor embedded
System to improve the control of a motorized wheelchair”, International
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol 2(11), pp 6812-6818,2010

33. [4] M. Yang, N. Ahuja, “Face Detection and Gesture Recognition for
Human-Computer Interaction,” The International Series in Video
Computing , vol.1, Springer, 2001.
[5] Michael koanski, Anna Marie Lipski, Justin
Tannir,TonyYeung,”Development of a voice Recognisation Program”,
vol. 2, 2009.

34. Thank you…