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     Introduction to Compressing

                 Video & Audio
                                                                Flash & HTML5

        Nick@sealworks.com
        Twitter.com/NickFloro
Flash & HTML 5
A file that tells the computer what
kind of media to present and
when to present it.
•   Video
•   Audio
•   Text
•   Flash
•   Interactivity
•   Tracks
1991
1999
The Production Process
 Capture to delivery and beyond




Video / Audio Assets   Compression   Authoring   Delivery
A Complete Solution
QuickTime takes you from capture to delivery and beyond




                                Delivery


             Edit and Compose              Playback




            Capture                               Archive
ß
Standards Matter
                    Surround             Video    Digital
      CD   Stereo    Sound HDTV   DVD   Camera   Camera




 MP3/
  AAC
 Player
Standards Are Everywhere
                         NTSC/
   RedBook   FM   MPEG-2 PAL   AC-3   DV   JPEG




MPEG-1/
MPEG-4
 audio
Family of MPEG Standards
The foundation for all digital media




        MPEG-1              MPEG-2          MPEG-4
         VHS Quality        DVD Quality   Wireless, Internet
          1.5 Mbps            6 Mbps          Scalable
            1992               1994             1998
Video
MPEG-4: The MPEG for the Internet
The standard for the digital media revolution

•   Original DV 60 sec 266mb
•   MPEG-4 = 450k to 7.8mb
•   Flash 8+ = 450k to 7.8mb




•   60 minutes of Video = 16gb
•   60 minutes compressed = 480mb
Guidelines for Compression
Pixels
    HD 1080i 1920 x 1080

            720P 1280 x 720



                           DV 720 x 486
Guidelines for Compression
Content Placement




         320 x 240
Guidelines for Compression
Selecting a Size

              640 x 480



                          512 x 384



                                      320 x 240
Guidelines for Compression
Frame Rate




   29.97 fps
Guidelines for Compression
Frame Rate




   29.97 fps                 15 fps
Guidelines for Compression
Tips & Hints
 Key Frames: 4 x fps
Guidelines for Compression
2 Pass Variable Bit Rate
Guidelines for Compression
2 Pass Variable Bit Rate
Guidelines for Compression
Tips & Hints
•   Frame Rate: 15 fps
    –   Key Frames: 4 x fps
•   Data Rate Target 800-1200 kbs
•   2 Pass Variable Bit Rate
•   QuickTime: Sorenson 3 / H264
                       WebM
•   Flash: Spark / On2 Pro / H264
Easy Access to Video
Flip $100 to $200
Smart Phones
Audio
Selecting a Microphone
USB Connects Directly to Computer




Logitech USB Desktop                      Logitech ClearChat Pro                          Samson CO1U USB
   Microphone $20                           USB Headset $40                            Condenser Microphone $70




                  Blue Microphones Snowball                        Blue Microphones Yeti
                  USB Microphone $89                               USB Microphone $149
Skype
Record Directly


Audacity
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

EasyVoipRecorder Recorder (Windows)
http://www.easyvoiprecorder.org/

Hot Recorder (Windows)
http://www.hotrecorder.com/

Call Recorder (Mac OS X)
http://www.ecamm.com/mac/callrecorder/
Guidelines for Compression
Stereo or Mono
Guidelines for Compression
   Selecting a Kilohertz




               44khz                                                        22khz



A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second)
Compressing Audio
60 Seconds

•   11mb 16bit 44khz Stereo
•   2.8mb 16bit 22khz Mono
•   500k MP3 64k 44khz Mono
Compressing Audio
60 Minutes




660mb
60 minutes of
                     30mb
                     60 minutes Compressed
Uncompressed Audio   MP3 Audio
Podcasts on the Go
AudioBoo & iPhone
Guidelines for Compression
Tips & Hints
•   16 bit Mono 22 khz


•   MP3 64kbit/s Mono 22khz
Setting up a Studio
Costs
  Computer $1,199            Software $994                                Camera / Studio $1,470




                                                               Sanyo HD $400             16gb Video SD $55
   MacBook Pro $1,199   Premiere CS4 $699 or Final Cut $995




                                                              Flood Lighting $395        Green Screen $200




                        Boris Chroma FX $295

                                                               Tripod $125          Lavalier Microphone $295
   Apple iMac $1,199
Browser Technologies
     Percentage of Browser Enabled Viewers


            Adobe Flash Player                                    99.1




Microsoft Windows Media Player                             83.4




        Apple QuickTime Player                 67.7




                                 0   25   50          75             100
Delivering Content Everywhere
New Form Factors
Flash vs HTML5
Select a format for delivery




 Flash                    MPEG 4   H264 / Google WebM
Web Delivery: HTTP Streaming
Fast Start




 Development   Standard Web Server




                                     Clients
Web Delivery: RTP/RTSP Streaming
QuickTime Streaming Server




                       Web Server




                     Streaming Server   Client
 Development
Compressing Content

QuickTime Pro

Sorenson Squeeze

Telestream Episode

Final Cut Pro

Flash
QuickTime Pro
Dozens of professional features
•   Hint movies for streaming
•   Automate with AppleScript
•   Edit movie clips from digital
    cameras
•   Convert and resize pictures
•   Enhance movies and stills with
    filters and effects
HandBrake
OpenSource for Mac/Win/Linux
• MPEG-4
• H.264
Telestream Episode
One Tool for Everything
•   MPEG-4
•   Flash SWF
•   Flash FLV
•   QuickTime
•   Real media
•   MPEG 1/2
•   MP3 Audio
Flash CS5
Authoring & Delivery
• Flash SWF
• Flash FLV
Final Cut
NLE
•   Batch
•   QuickTime
•   Effects
•   Filters
•   Tools
Video Compression




    Flash
<!-- flash movie & bullets -->
	   <div id="flashholder">
	   	    <div id="flash">
	   	    	   <script language="javascript">
	   	    	   	    if (AC_FL_RunContent == 0) {
	   	    	   	    	   alert("This page requires AC_RunActiveContent.js.");
	   	    	   	    } else {
	   	    	   	    	   AC_FL_RunContent(
	   	    	   	    	   	    'codebase', 'http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'width', '320',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'height', '310',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'src', '../FLV_Player',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'quality', 'high',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'pluginspage', 'http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'align', 'middle',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'play', 'true',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'loop', 'true',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'scale', 'showall',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'wmode', 'window',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'devicefont', 'false',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'id', 'FLV_Player',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'bgcolor', '#ffffff',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'name', 'FLV_Player',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'menu', 'true',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'allowFullScreen', 'false',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'allowScriptAccess','always',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'movie', '../FLV_Player',
	   	    	   	    	   	    'salign', ''
	   	    	   	    	   ); //end AC code
	   	    	   	    }
	   	    	   </script>
	   	    	   <noscript>
// HTML 5 makes
<video> as easy
as <img>
// HTML 5 makes <video> as easy as <img>
Video Compression
HTML 5 Options




     Flash       H264     Ogg Theora
                 MPEG 4   WebM
Embedding Video



<video src="http://example.com/myMovie.ogg" controls>
Your browser does not support the video element.
</video>
Embedding Video


<video controls>
<source src="foo.ogg" type="video/ogg">
<source src="foo.mp4">
Your browser does not support the video element.
</video>

var v = document.getElementsByTagName("video")[0];
v.play();
Resources
Compression for Great Video and Audio, Master
Tips and Common Sense
Resources
Flash Video for Professionals:
Expert Techniques for Integrating
Video on the Web
• Lisa Larson, Renee Costantini
http://www.telestream.net/episode/overview.htm
www.brightcove.com
www.hosting.com
Screencasts 101 Mini-Session



               www.jingproject.com
www.posterous.com
www.longtailvideo.com
http://www.telestream.net/screen-flow/
www.TED.com
www.twitter.com
www.lrnchat.com
Download the Presentation at:
http://www.slideshare.net/nickfloro
www.launchcycle.com
Thank You



            Nick Floro
            sealworks interactive studios

            nick@sealworks.com
            www.sealworks.com

            twitter.com/NickFloro

            Download the Presentation at:
            http://www.slideshare.net/nickfloro

Intro to Compression: Audio and Video Optimization for Learning