Intro Psych
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Psychology is used everyday to influence behaviors like getting children to eat or getting others to do tasks. It is the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. There are four main goals of psychology: describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior. Psychologists study both normal everyday behaviors and abnormal behaviors to understand what causes problems and how to diagnose them. There are ongoing debates in psychology around issues of stability vs change, continuity vs discontinuity, and nature vs nurture. Other sciences like biology, anthropology, and sociology are also relevant to understanding human behavior.
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Psychology’s Roots, Big Ideas, and Critical Thinking Tools
Revised by Pauline Davey Zeece, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Chapter Overview
Psychology’s roots
Four big ideas in psychology
Why do psychology?
How do psychologists ask and answer questions?
Psychology’s research ethics
Use psychology to become a stronger person—and a better student
Psychology’s Roots
Psychological science’s birth and development
Contemporary psychology
The Scientific Attitude
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Curiosity
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Humility
Myers/DeWall, Psychology in Everyday Life, 4e, © 2017 Worth Publishers
The Scientific Attitude: Curiosity
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Does the idea work?
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The Scientific Attitude: Skepticism
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Charles Darwin
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Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
William James
Mary Whiton Calkins
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Early Definitions of PsychologyGroupsDefinitionEarly pioneersScience of mental lifeBehavioristsScientific study of observable behaviorFreudianEmphasis on unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiencesHumanistic psychologistsStress on people’s growth potentialCognitive psychologistsScientific exploration of how information is perceived, processed, and rememberedCognitive neuroscientistsInterdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with mental activity
Psychology
Science of behavior and mental processes
Behavior - Any action that can be observed and recorded
Anything a human or nonhuman animal does
Mental processes - Internal states that are inferred from behavior
Include thoughts, beliefs, and feelings
Retrieve and Remember 1
Describe the three parts of the scientific attitude.
What event defined the start of scientific psychology?
How did the cognitive revolution affect the field of psychology?
ANSWER: The scientific attitude combines (1) curiosity about the world around us, (2) skepticism about unproven claims and ideas, and (3) humility about our own understanding. These three traits guide psychologists as they consider ideas and test them with scientific methods. Ideas that do not hold up will then be discarded.
ANSWER: Scientific psychology began in Germany in 1879, when Wilh.
What is psychology 1
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has become a popular science due to employment growth and recognition around the world. The study of psychology began as a philosophical inquiry but became a scientific field with Wilhelm Wundt conducting the first psychology experiment in 1879, measuring reaction times. While early thinkers questioned human behavior, Wundt tested and experimented with human behaviors, moving psychology toward the scientific method.
Chapter 1 Powerpoint2
This document provides an overview of Psychology 301: Psychology of Personal Development. It introduces the instructor and TA, discusses challenges of life from Chapter 1 of the textbook, and analyzes the song "Just Fine" by Mary J. Blige. It then discusses why psychology is suited to help meet life's challenges and defines adjustment as behavior that allows people to meet environmental demands.
Yoga and modern psychology
This document discusses the connections between modern psychology and yoga. It provides overviews of both fields, comparing their goals and perspectives. Some key points:
- Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, with goals of description, explanation, prediction, and control. Yoga is a way of life focusing on the body, breath, and mind.
- Major perspectives in psychology include psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, biological, cognitive, social/cultural, and evolutionary. Yoga incorporates concepts like karma, free will, and the impact of diet on the mind.
- Figures like Freud, Maslow, Skinner, and Vygotsky contributed new understandings to psychology. Y
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What is Psychology?
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
The term psychology comes from the Greek roots psyche meaning soul or mind and logos meaning word or study
Module1-intro_000.ppt
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. There are several major psychological perspectives that study these areas, including psychoanalytic, behaviorist, cognitive, and biopsychological approaches. The field has evolved from its philosophical roots to become a science, with the goal of objectively describing, explaining, predicting, and changing human behavior and cognition. Psychologists work in a variety of settings and subfields, from research and academia to clinical practice and other applied settings. The study of psychology aims to further our understanding of human thought and behavior through empirical research.
Intro to-psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of human and animal behavior and mental processes. There are two main types of psychology: research psychology, which studies theories and conducts experiments to understand why things happen; and applied psychology, which focuses on how to use research findings in real-world settings like NASA. Some key fields of psychology include clinical, educational, child, environmental, industrial, engineering, and experimental psychology. Important early psychologists include Darwin, Wundt, James, Freud, Galton, Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner. Their work established foundations in evolutionary theory, introspection, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and conditioning. Major approaches to psychology include neurobiological, behavioral, humanistic, psychoanalytical,
Module 01
The document provides an overview of the field of psychology including its goals, approaches, history, careers, and areas of specialization. It discusses that psychology is the scientific study of behaviors and mental processes. The goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and control behaviors. Approaches include biological, cognitive, behavioral, psychoanalytic, humanistic, and cross-cultural perspectives. Early approaches included structuralism, functionalism, gestalt, and behaviorism. Careers include clinical psychologists, counseling psychologists, and psychiatrists. Areas of specialization comprise social, developmental, experimental, biological, cognitive, and psychometrics.
C:\fakepath\2 intro student_fa10
Social psychology is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. It examines topics such as how people see themselves and others, what determines decision-making and attraction, the causes of racism and how to reduce it, when and why people help others, what causes aggression and how to reduce it, how persuasion works, and how to increase self-control. Social psychology focuses on the interaction between a person and their social situation, and how situations strongly shape thoughts, attitudes, emotions, and behavior. It also examines how people are both cultural animals and have competing selfish and social impulses, as well as automatic and conscious thought processes that construct our reality.
Defining psychology
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, and how they are influenced by internal factors and the environment. Psychologists use the scientific method, relying on evidence rather than theories. Behavior can be studied at three levels: biological, focusing on physiology and genetics; cognitive, examining mental processes like memory and decision-making; and sociocultural, looking at how society and culture shape behavior. The document provides an overview of the key concepts in psychology.
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Intro Psych
- 1. PSYCHOLOGY How psychology is used every day to get desired behaviors
- 12. Psychology’s Big Issues Stability v. Change Continuity v. Discontinuity Nature v. Nurture
- 19. Psychology’s Perspectives The Big Seven
Editor's Notes
- 2. Everyday Situations
- John B. Watson