This is the presentation which was presented in PPT CONTEST on TCP PRESENTO 2020 organized by THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

1. INTERNATIONAL
EFFORTS FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
Proudly presented by
NIVETHA J S,
B.Ed Second year
Kaliammal College of Education,
Karur.

2. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
● Environmental protection is the practice of
protecting the natural environment by individuals,
organizations and governments.
● In the industrial countries, voluntary
environmental agreements often provide a
platform for companies to be recognized for
moving beyond the minimum regulatory standards
and thus support the development of the best
environmental practice.e

3. LIST OF INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS
● The Stockholm Conference, 1972.
● Nairobi Conference, 1982.
● Brundtland Commission, 1983.
● The Rio Summit, 1992.
● Kyoto Conference and Pact on Global
Warming,1997.
● Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, 2009.

4. The Stockholm Conference, 1972
● United Nations
Environmental Agency
organised a World
Conference on
Environment at
Stockholm, the capital of
Sweden from 5th to 16th
June 1972.
LOGO

6. STOCKHOLM DECLARATIONS
● In the conference 26 Declarations, 150 Action
plans , 109 other suggestions were approved
for promoting the improvement of
environment and protection of the delicate
environmental balance.
● The conference adopted the notion “ONLY
ONE EARTH” for the entire humanity.

7. NAIROBI CONFERENCE, 1982
● 10 years after the Stockholm Conference,
another UN Conference on Environment
was held at Nairobi, Kenya from 10th to
18th May 1982.
● The Conference adopted a report entitled
“THE WORLD ENVIRONMENT 1972-82”.

8. BRUNDTLAND COMMISSION, 1983
● Also called as World Commission on
Environment and Development (WCED).
● Brought into common phrase
“SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”
through its 1987 report “OUR COMMON
FUTURE”.

10. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
● Sustainable Development is the development
that meet the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of the future
generations to meet their own needs.
● The Brundtland report identifies the “Concept
of Needs - essential needs of World’s Poor to
which overriding priority should be given.

12. 8 GENERAL PRINCIPLES & RIGHTS
1. Fundamental Human Right
2. Inter - Generational Equity
3. Conservations and Sustainable Use
4. Environmental Standards on Monitoring
5. Prior Environmental Assessment
6. Prior Notification Access and Due Process
7. Sustainable Development and Assistance
8. General Obligations to Cooperate

13. THE RIO SUMMIT, 1992 (EARTH SUMMIT)
● The Conference was
called as “EARTH
SUMMIT” and was held
at Rio de Janeiro from 3rd
to 14th June 1992.
● Common action plan to
foster “OUR COMMON
FUTURE”.

15. MAJOR SIX BASIC ISSUES
1. Greenhouse Gas Emission
2. Forests
3. Population
4. Technology Transfer
5. Finance
6. Degradation

16. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS ON RIO SUMMIT
● The Rio Declaration on Environment and
Development
● Agenda 21
● Forest Principles
● Two Legally Binding Conventions

17. KYOTO CONFERENCE, 1997
● On December 11, 1997, representatives from 159
countries attended a World Climate Conference at
Kyoto in Japan, and signed a historic accord calling
for mandatory cuts in emissions of greenhouse
gases by industrialized countries in the next
millennium to save the planet Earth from
potentially devastating global warming.

18. GLOBAL EMISSIONS ON GREENHOUSE GASES

19. STABILIZATION OF GHG CONCENTRATIONS

20. COPENHAGEN CONFERENCE, 2009
● The “2009 United
Nations Climate Change
Conference”, commonly
known as the
“Copenhagen Summit”
was held at the Bella
Center in Copenhagen,
Denmark, between 7 and
18 December.

22. SUMMARY
Thus the efforts made for
environmental protection at
international level especially the
‘Stockholm Conference, 1972’, Nairobi
Conference 1982, Brundtland
Commission 1983, The Rio Summit 1972,
Rio Declaration, Copenhagen Climate
Change Conference, 2009, Kyoto
Conference and Pact on Global
Warming 1997 were explained in detail
in this presentation.

24. LINKS AND REFERENCES
● https://www.google.com/search?q=the+stockholm+conference+1972+pdf&sxsrf=ALeKk01CUvekF0ZoiYca1vk5ULW8CEWm
CA:1590298554492&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjko7Xj48vpAhW8zzgGHdGeCTEQ_AUoA3oECA0QBQ&
biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=8ItBH3VYQ0uGhM
● http://www.un.org/en/sections/observances/united-nations-observances/index.html
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_the_Human_Environment
● https://www.google.com/search?q=nairobi+conference+1982+&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj0vt-
z9MvpAhW48zgGHWfUCtYQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=nairobi+conference+1982+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECCMQJzIECAAQGFD1yAhY39QIYIjaCGgAcAB4AY
AB-wSIAbkTkgELMC41LjAuMy4wLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=KRnKXrSGOLjn4-
EP56irsA0&bih=608&biw=1366#imgrc=w9G2Pb9Za-ygWM
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Summit
● https://www.google.com/search?q=rio+summit+1992&bih=608&biw=1366&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk03oHr0-
F1osoR0L2CUrk_FLQfvnGg:1590329968806&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj44Pbm2MzpAhXUzjgGHRijBG
YQ_AUoAnoECBQQBA#imgrc=JwGYh8CJcEoORM
● https://www.google.com/search?q=copenhagen+climate+change+conference+2009&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjNwKnnwc7p
AhVX4TgGHdLSDC0Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=copenhagen+climate+change+conference+2009&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgQIABAYUABYAGDlD2gAc
AB4AIAB_gyIAYMxkgEDOC00mAEAqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=w3bLXo3TBdfC4-
EP0qWz6AI#imgrc=G6gSINA3jG1U0M
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol#/media/File:Major_greenhouse_gas_trends.png
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference