Informed consent is the process by which a physician shares information with a patient about their medical condition, treatment options, risks and benefits to allow the patient to make an informed decision. It involves a dialogue where the physician explains the diagnosis, treatment recommendations and alternatives while addressing the patient's questions and concerns. The goal is to provide the right amount of information tailored to the individual patient's needs and comprehension so they can collaborate as a partner in their care. However, studies show physicians often fail to fully practice informed consent due to challenges in communication, time constraints and patient factors like anxiety.