This presentation provides an overview of Indian civilization from its origins to modern times. It begins with the Indus Valley Civilization around 2500 BC, followed by the arrival of the Aryans. Major periods discussed include the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC, the Golden Age of the Gupta Period from 320-480 AD, and the rule of the Turks and Mughals from 1175-1800 AD. European colonization from 1800-1947 is also summarized. The presentation concludes that while political unity was brief, Indian culture provided continuity and identity over its long history.

1. Welcome
To
Our
presentation

2. Presentation Topic:
Indian Civilization

3. Course Title : History of Human
Civilization
Course no: Soc 1105

4. Presented By: Group F
Name Student ID
MD. Habibur Rahman 161611
Nipesh Mondol 161615
Tanzida Amin 161620
MD.Sajedur Rahman Sakil 161639

5. Introduction
Before partition of India in 1947,the Indian
subcontinent includes Pakistan , India and
Bangladesh. Today the three independent
countries. This Indian subcontinent has a rich
history of some five millennium years. Here
lived mane invaders like Aryans, Dravidians
,Parthians ,Greeks , Sakas , Kushans ,Huns
,Turks , Afgans and Mongols who all brought
their unique culture with them and the
amalgamation gave rise to a new Indian
civilization.

6. Civilization
The word civilization comes from the Latin Civilis,
meaning civil, related to the Latin civis, meaning citizen,
and civitas, meaning city or city-state. Civilization is a
from of human culture in which many people live in urban
centers, have mastered the art of smelting metals, and
have developed a method of writing. The Oxford English
Dictionary defines civilization as “the action or process of
civilizing or of being civilized; a developed or advanced
state of human society

7. Rise of Indian
Civilization
• About 2500 B.C. a counterpart of the civilizations that had
emerged earlier along the Tigris- Euphrates and the Nile
rivers appeared along the Indus River in India. The third of
• the great river valley civilizations developed along the Indus
River in present-day Pakistan. It flourished from about 2400
BC to about 1500 BC. Shortly before its collapse, Indo-
European or Aryan invaders entered the Indian sub-
continent. During this period, two great religious traditions
Hinduism and Buddhism had their origins and then spread
outwards. Here we found establishment of fundamental
patterns of Indian Civilization.

8. Periods of Indian
Civilization
The development of Indian Civilization can be divided in seven
periods
1.Original Indians (1700BC-3300 BC)
Indus Valley Civilizations: Mohenja-daro and Harappa People
2. Aryans (2500BC-322BC) India’s Root Culture
3. The Mauryan Empire (322BC-188BC)
Spread of Buddhism
4. Gupta Period (320AD-480AD) Golden Age of India
5. Muslim Period (1175AD-1800AD) Turks and Mughals
6. European Rule (1800AD01947AD) Portuguese, French, Dutch
and English
7. Independence of India

9. Indus Valley Civilization
1. Indus Valley Civilization (1700BC-3300BC)
Excavation in Northwest part of Pakistan has discovered
this civilization that is over 5,000 years old. This is the
period where people in the rest of the world were
nomadic. By Evidence of human habitation of the Indian
Subcontinent, that huge triangular peninsula that is home
to modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka,
Goes Back to the Paleolithic period.

10. Aryans
2. Aryans (2500BC-322BC) Vedic Aryan civilization was
a rural not an urban civilization and raw material remains
from it are extant; hence little in the form of archeological
evidence. No written documents that record this invasion.
In their absence: the Vedas, a collective term for the
ancient wisdom preserved in texts about rituals, priests,
and speculations about the nature of the human and divine
worlds and transmitted orally. The earliest Vedas date
from as early as 1700 BC, and the most important
collection are the 1,028 Sanskrit hymns called the Rig
Veda.

11. Maurya Empire
3. Maurya Empire (322 BC-185 BC) Chandragupta Maurya
began in 322 BC establishing a great empire in northern India
and the lands abandoned by Alexander the Great. The mauryan
Empire included all of present-day northern India and much of
modern Afghanistan. The Mauryans were better rulers and
culturally rich. According to legend, Chandragupta retired
from the throne after ruling for twenty-four years, passed it to
his son, and became a monk and starved himself to death.
After that Ashoka converted to Buddhism and introduced
Buddhism outside India. After the death of Ashoka, the
Mauryan Empire disintegrated rapidly and all of South Asia
fragmented into regional powers.

12. Gupta Period
4. Gupta Period (320 AD- 480 AD) After the decline of
mauryans, Gupta rulers rose to power and over time, they
came to rule much of India north of the Deccan Plain. The
Gupta Period in Indian history is known as the Golden
Age of India. It is the Era of the most advanced
civilization, flush with wealth, higher education, trade
with foreign countries, and an overall happy life. Here we
found religious tolerance and freedom of worship. It is the
period of Hindu Renaissance. 5

13. Muslim Period
5. Muslim Period- Turks and Mughals (1175 AD – 1800
AD) Turks from Central Asia invaded India and ruled
from 1175 AD to 1340 AD. Attracted by India’s wealth,
looted and destroyed temples. More interested in wealth
rather than
• A map of North India in the late Vedic period.
• politics and were soon replaced by the Mughals. The
Turks’ dominance ended in 1526 with the invasion of
Mughals from central Asia.

14. Muslim Period

15. European Rule
6. European Rule (1800-1947) – Discovery of India The
Invasion of Alexander had boosted trade contact outside
India. Columbus, in his quest to find India ended up in
North America and erroneously thought he had reached
India, calling the native of the new land as Indians. On
April, 1498 Vasco da Gama reached the western coast of
India and the quest for Europeans to reach India was
fulfilled. Subsequent to Vasco Da Gama’s arrival in India,
the Portuguese fought and established their dominance
and appointed Portuguese Governor in India.

16. Independence
• 7. The main Historical Figures of the India
Independence movement include Mahatma Gandhi,
Jawaharlal Nehru, and Mohammad Ali Jinnah. India and
Pakistan become free and independent countries on
August 15, 1947. Nehru became the first prime minister
of newly formed democratic country of India.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first governor general
of Pakistan.

17. Basic features of Indian
Civilization
The land of people.
Art. – lively, but much perished
Literature.
Mathematics. – imported through Arabs – but Indian
Economy
Science
 Family life based on hierarchy

18. Conclusion
This account of the period between the sixth century BC
and the sixth century AD illustrates the fundamental
pattern of India history. Brief periods of political unity,
such as the reigns of the three Mauryan emperor’s Long
periods of fragmentation and disunity. Hence, for much on
India’s history, unity has come from culture rather than
politics. There is greater loyalty to the social order and the
caste system than to any one political institution. Culture
is accordingly both a unifying and a divisive force.

19. References
1. Alkazi, Roshen, Ancient Indian Costume. New Delhi:
National Book Trust. 1998.
2. Robert, Agarwal, D. R. 2007. History and Culture of
India. GTI Lecture, San Jose State University
3. P. 1997. World Civilization. (9th Edition), W.W.
Norton Company Inc.
4. Swain, J.E. 1938. A History of World Civilization.
Mcgrow Hill Book Company Inc. New York.

20. Do you have any questions?