Group presentation of Rural sociology course. Done by '16 batch students of sociology discipline, Khulna University

1. Welcome to our
presentation

2. Submitted to:
Nusrat Jahan
Course title: Rural Sociology
Course No: Soc 1205
&
Submitted By:
Sajib Saha-161652
Jannatul Ferdous Moutusi -161622
Shohana Ansary-161610
Umme Habiba-161632
Jannatul Ferdous Mridu-161642
Sociology Discipline
Khulna University

3. Group-H
Presentation topic:
Poverty and vulnerability in rural
society

4. Introduction
Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries
among the 3rd word. Here 60% of rural
people live under the extreme poverty line.
Moreover, total national income is also low.
Inspite of, Bangladesh is 8th country on the
basis of population. Here the real features
have been reflected to discuss the nature of
rural poor people. So it can be easily
supposed that the daily life of rural poor
people is very vulnerable.

5. What is poverty ?
Poverty is general scarcity, dearth, or the state of
one who lacks a certain amount of material
possessions or money.
It is almost always characterized by high level of-
 Deprivation
 Vulnerability
 Power lessens
The word poverty comes from old French poverte
(Modern French: pauvrete), from latin paupertas
from pauper (poor).

6. Meaning of Rural Poverty
Rural poverty refers to poverty found in rural
areas, including factors of rural economy and
rural political systems that give rise to the
poverty found there
At present, it is a global phenomena, but there
are higher rates of rural poverty in developing
countries than in developed countries
Eradicating rural poverty through effective
policies and economic growth remains a
challenge for the international community

7. Nature of Rural poverty
 Land lessness
 Class inequality
 Rural unemployment
 Large size population
 Lack of housing
 Lack of educational institution
 Lack of occupation
 Food problems
 Low income
 Huge family members
 Illiteracy

8. Causes of poverty in Bangladesh
1.Personal factors
 A) sickness
 B) Mental disease
 C) Accident
 D) Demoralization
 E) Idleness & extravagance
2.Geographical factors:
 A) Absence of natural resources
 B) Natural climates
 C) Unfavourable weather and climate

9. Economical factors:
 A) Backwardness of agriculture
 B) Slow and defective industrialization
 C) Unequal distribution
 D) Unwish economic policy.
Social factors
Political factors
Conservative idea
Lack of industrialization
Lack of education
Child marriage
Gender discrimation

10. Rural poverty in Bangladesh
 At least 45 million people in Bangladesh, almost one third of the
population, live below the poverty line, and a significant
proportion of them live in extreme poverty.
 The poverty rate is highest in rural areas, at 36 percent , compared
with 28 percent in urban centres.
 Many people have an inadequate diet and suffer from periods of
food shortage.
 Half of all rural children are choronically malnourished and 14
percent suffer from acute malnutrition.
 Rice is the dominant crop, but production increases are limited by
farmers lack of access to critical production tools such as high-
yielding rice seeds.
 Poverty is especially persistent in three areas: the north-west,
which is affected by droughts and river erosion; the central
northern region, which is subject to serious seasonal flooding that
limits crop production; and the southern coastal zones , which are
affected by soil salinity and cyclones.

11. Meaning of vulnerability
Vulnerability comes from the latin word for
“wound”.
It refers to the inability to withstand the effects of
a hostile environment.
Degree to which people, property, resources,
systems and cultural, economic, environmental,
and social activity is susceptible to harm,
degradation, or destruction on being exposed to a
hostile agent or factor.

12. Vulnerable condition of rural people
Social vulnerability:
A) Education
B) Gender discrimination
Economic vulnerability:
A) Unemployment
Cultural vulnerability
Natural vulnerability

13.  Politics to combat rural poverty
 Land reform
 Access to land can alleviate rural poverty by providing households a
productive and relatively reliable way to make an income.
 Women and land reform
 This requires women to have the legal right to own land, as well as
designating women as individual or joint owners of land parcels
redistributed during reform.
 It also involves allowing women to have separate tenancy rights and
granting women the right to claim an equal share of family land and
resources upon divorce, abandonment, widowhood, and for inheritance
purposes.
 Diversification
 It reduces farming risk, especially risk related to unpredictable or extreme
weather that may be due to climate change.

14.  Technology
 The development of appropriate technology can raise
a farm’s productivity.
 Successful technological developments that aid the
rural poor are achieved through bottom-up policies
that involve technological innovations that require
few external inputs and little monetary investment.
 Access to credit
 Providing access to credit and financial services
provides an entry point to improve rural productivity
as well as stimulating small-scale trading and
manufacturing.
 With credit, rural farmers are able to purchase capital
that increases their productivity and income.
 Increased credit helps expand markets to rural areas, thus
promoting rural development.

15. References..
Alhazz Mohammed Asadujjaman- Rural Sociology.&
Hussain, M. I. –Rural Sociology
R.K Shaha-Rural Sciology

16. Thank You All
Any question
???