Impact of textile effluent on environment
With escalating demand for textile products, textile mills and their wastewater have been increasing proportionally, causing a major problem of pollution in the world.
They have impact on Air, water, soil and human body.
Impact of Textile Effluent on Soil:
Textile effluent pollutes the soil. Soil is the most important medium for growing plant, bushes, crops etc. the quality of crops depends upon the quality of soil. So, when the quality of soil decrease due to industrial effluent, the amount of quality of crops also decrease. It also seen that, the lower land become more polluted than higher lands. Because, the effluent ultimately deposited in the lower lands.
Impact of Textile Effluent on Environment
Effluent is the stream of excess chemical liquor from an industry after using in original operation.
Textile industry employed various process such as sizing, desizing scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing, finishing etc.
After using original operation large amount of excess liquor discharge to drain.
In a practical estimate, it has been found that 45% material in preparatory processing, 33% in dyeing and 22% are re-processed in finishing
Textile Industries And Environment(Specially For bangladesh)Sadia Textile
One of the major contributors to many Asian economies and one of the main revenue-generating sectors.
Has grown over the past years to become primary export earner and largest single employer of the manufacturing industry in Bangladesh
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industryMd. Sirajul Islam
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industry.
Fiber, Fabric Production and Pollution, Environmental Effects, way out...
Different kind of processes and pollutions
Environment impact assessment of textile industry Ekta161367
Environment impact assessment of textile industry
Introduction
History of Textiles Industry
Structure of textile Industry
Stages in Textile Manufacturing process Environment Impact Assessment .
The Impact of Textile and clothing Industry on Environment Conclusion References. .
Impact of Textile Effluent on Environment
Effluent is the stream of excess chemical liquor from an industry after using in original operation.
Textile industry employed various process such as sizing, desizing scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing, finishing etc.
After using original operation large amount of excess liquor discharge to drain.
In a practical estimate, it has been found that 45% material in preparatory processing, 33% in dyeing and 22% are re-processed in finishing
Textile Industries And Environment(Specially For bangladesh)Sadia Textile
One of the major contributors to many Asian economies and one of the main revenue-generating sectors.
Has grown over the past years to become primary export earner and largest single employer of the manufacturing industry in Bangladesh
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industryMd. Sirajul Islam
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industry.
Fiber, Fabric Production and Pollution, Environmental Effects, way out...
Different kind of processes and pollutions
Environment impact assessment of textile industry Ekta161367
Environment impact assessment of textile industry
Introduction
History of Textiles Industry
Structure of textile Industry
Stages in Textile Manufacturing process Environment Impact Assessment .
The Impact of Textile and clothing Industry on Environment Conclusion References. .
Textile processing toxicity and health hazard. Green Environment Ideas (Bangl...md sohag miah
Textile processing toxicity and health hazard. (Bangladesh perspective)
Presentation on green chemistry: Donghua University, Shanghai. China.
This PPT mainly describes the textile dyes and chemically made health hazards to the workers and surrounding environmental peoples of the textile industry (of Bangladesh).
Water is vital for the entire aspects of life and also an important feature that defines our planet. Deprived water quality due to poor wastewater management is a crisis faced by every country in the world. This crisis affects directly and indirectly on our biological diversity, disturbing the entire ecosystem that act as our life support system (Corcoran et al, 2010). There are many factors affecting the aforementioned crisis and textile industry effluent is one of major contributor among other industrial wastewater (Verma, Dash, & Bhunia, 2012). Recent literature acknowledged dyeing and finishing processes is the main aforementioned contributor (Khandegar & Saroha, 2013). This paper combines a discussion of 1) textile industry process and their effluent, 2) conventional method of effluent treatment including their advantages and limitation and 3) the updated technology in treating textile industry effluent such as electrocoagulation, Bioflotation and Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor.
Presentation on Process, pollution & pollution control in textile. Different types of process in textile and by this process how the environment are polluted is described by the presentation.
Recycling of textile waste products on different process.Rajib Mia
Study On-Recycling of textile waste products on different process.
Presentation on -garments waste product re-use. Recycling is a process in which waste materials are treated in a way that they can be used again. Processes Of Recycling : Collection The first step required for recycling is collecting recyclable materials from communities. Families who recycle items such as paper, bottles and cans, place the items in recycling collection bins. These bins usually have the recycling symbol on them.
Ecofriendly technology for textile industry preranawagh1
ecofriendly technology for our textile industry. this is most important aspect for our new technology. we should influence people for ecofriendly technology.
Textile processing toxicity and health hazard. Green Environment Ideas (Bangl...md sohag miah
Textile processing toxicity and health hazard. (Bangladesh perspective)
Presentation on green chemistry: Donghua University, Shanghai. China.
This PPT mainly describes the textile dyes and chemically made health hazards to the workers and surrounding environmental peoples of the textile industry (of Bangladesh).
Water is vital for the entire aspects of life and also an important feature that defines our planet. Deprived water quality due to poor wastewater management is a crisis faced by every country in the world. This crisis affects directly and indirectly on our biological diversity, disturbing the entire ecosystem that act as our life support system (Corcoran et al, 2010). There are many factors affecting the aforementioned crisis and textile industry effluent is one of major contributor among other industrial wastewater (Verma, Dash, & Bhunia, 2012). Recent literature acknowledged dyeing and finishing processes is the main aforementioned contributor (Khandegar & Saroha, 2013). This paper combines a discussion of 1) textile industry process and their effluent, 2) conventional method of effluent treatment including their advantages and limitation and 3) the updated technology in treating textile industry effluent such as electrocoagulation, Bioflotation and Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor.
Presentation on Process, pollution & pollution control in textile. Different types of process in textile and by this process how the environment are polluted is described by the presentation.
Recycling of textile waste products on different process.Rajib Mia
Study On-Recycling of textile waste products on different process.
Presentation on -garments waste product re-use. Recycling is a process in which waste materials are treated in a way that they can be used again. Processes Of Recycling : Collection The first step required for recycling is collecting recyclable materials from communities. Families who recycle items such as paper, bottles and cans, place the items in recycling collection bins. These bins usually have the recycling symbol on them.
Ecofriendly technology for textile industry preranawagh1
ecofriendly technology for our textile industry. this is most important aspect for our new technology. we should influence people for ecofriendly technology.
Study on report writing
Types of report:
Formal or Informal reports
Informational or Analytical reports
Proposal reports
Vertical or lateral reports
Internal or External reports
Periodic reports
Study on Bibliography and Reference
Bibliography a science of the transmission of literary document
A bibliography is an orderly list of resources on a particular subject
A bibliography provides the full reference information for all the sources which you may have consulted in preparing a particular project
Referencing
Referencing is “ the process of acknowledging the sources you have used in writing your report. It allows the reader to access your source documents as quickly and easily as possible in order to verify, if necessary, the validity of your arguments and the evidence on which they are based.”
Pears, R. and Shields, G. (2020) Cite them right: the essential referencing guide.9th edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Explain : Scientific or technical research
Characterized by : Detail, test procedure, objective analysis, documented research, report and observation (based on evidence)
What is Research design?
Research design is the framework of research methods and techniques chosen by a researcher.
The design that is chosen by the researchers allows them to utilize the methods that are suitable for the study and to set up their studies successfully in the future as well.
The function of a research design is to ensure that the evidence obtained enables you to effectively address the research problem logically and as unambiguously as possible.
Function of Research design
Purpose of Research design
The Essential Elements of the Research Design
Basic principles of research design
Problems Encountered By Researcher in Bangladesh.pptxMd Fahimuzzaman
Problems encountered by researcher in Bangladesh
Lack of scientific training in the methodology of research
Insufficient Interaction
Copying of data (Plagiarism)
Lack of availability or access to literature needed
The outlook of the researcher/research student
Lack of confidence
Unavailability of permission to do research in specific centers
Research: a mere formality to fulfill course requirement
Publishing may be expensive
Lack of availability of sponsors
Literature Review
A literature review surveys books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, and by so doing, provides a description, summary, and critical evaluation of these works in relation to the research problem being investigated.
Types of literature review
On the purpose of research there are 5 main types of literature review:
Narrative Literature Review
Argumentative Literature Review
Theoretical Literature Review
Integrative Literature Review
Systematic Literature Review
Formulation of Research problem
What is research problem?
A research problem is a specific issue, difficulty, contradiction, or gap in knowledge that we will aim to address in our research.
In other words, A research problem can be any question that we want to answer and any assumption or assertion that we want to challenge or investigate.
The formulation of a research problem is the most crucial part of the research journey as the quality and relevance of a research project entirely depends upon it.
The process of formulating a research problem consists of a number of steps. These are:
Step 1: Identify a broad field or subject area of interest.
Step 2: Dissect the broad areas into subareas
Step 3: Select what is of most interest to us.
Step 4: Raise research questions
Step 5: Formulate objectives
Step 6: Assess our objectives
Step 7: Double-check
Plan an ETP with detail process discussion following the instructionsMd Fahimuzzaman
Effluent is the stream of excess chemical liquor from an industry after using in original operation. For example, the excess dye liquor extracted from the textile industry after dyeing is an effluent of that dyeing industry. Effluent Treatment Plant or ETP is a waste water treatment method which is particularly designed to purify industrial waste water for its reuse and it’s aim is to release safe water to environment from the harmful effect caused by the effluent. Textile industry uses numerous hazardous chemicals during processing such as heavy metals, salts, surfactants, sulphite, and formaldehyde, which can cause major pollution in the effluents’ receiving waters. Since textile waste water contains a diversity of impurities and therefore specific treatment technology called ETP is required. The ETP Plant works at various levels and involves various physical, chemical, biological and membrane processes to treat waste water from different industrial sectors like chemicals, drugs, pharmaceutical, refineries, dairy, ready mix plants & textile etc.
Environmental problems and human health, risk assessment and risk managementMd Fahimuzzaman
Environmental problems and human health, risk assessment and risk management
The process of estimating the potential impact of a chemical, physical, microbiological or psychosocial hazard on a specified human population or ecological system under a specific set of conditions and for a certain time frame.
The five stages of environmental health risk assessment:
1. Issue identification
2. Hazard assessment
3. Dose-response
4. Exposure
5. Risk characterisation
Textile sizing
The process of applying a protective adhesive coating upon the surface of the yarns is called sizing.
Starch, gelatine, oil, wax, and manufactured polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polyacrylic acid, and polyacetates are employed as size materials
Objects of Sizing
To protect the yarn from abrasion
To improve the breaking strength of the yarn
To increase smoothness of yarn
To increase yarn elasticity
To decrease hairiness
To decrease the generation of static electricity
Greenhouse effect and global warming
Earth’s atmosphere works something like a giant glass greenhouse. As the sun’s rays enter our atmosphere, most continue right down to the planet’s surface. As they hit the soil and surface waters, those rays release much of their energy as heat. Some of the heat then radiates back out into space.
However, certain gases in our atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor, work like a blanket to retain much of that heat. This helps to warm our atmosphere. The gases do this by absorbing the heat and radiating it back to Earth’s surface. These gases are nicknamed “greenhouse gases” because of their heat-trapping effect. Without the “greenhouse effect,” Earth would be too cold to support most forms of life.
But there can be too much of a good thing. Carbon dioxide is released when we use fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas. We burn these fuels, made from the ancient remains of plants and animals, to run electricity-generating plants that power factories, homes and schools. Products of these fossil fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuel, power most of the engines that drive cars, airplanes and ships.
By examining air bubbles in ice cores taken from Antarctica, scientists can go back and calculate what the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have been throughout the last 650,000 years. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been climbing to where today it is 30 percent greater than 650,000 years ago. That rise in carbon dioxide “is essentially entirely due to the burning of fuels,” Susan Solomon says. She’s a senior scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in Boulder, Colo., and studies factors that affect climate.
Humans have further increased the levels of greenhouse gases in the air by changing the landscape. Plants take up carbon dioxide to make food in a process called photosynthesis. Once cut down, they can no longer take in carbon dioxide, and this gas begins building up in the air instead of fueling the growth of plants. So by cutting down trees and forests for farmland and other human uses, more carbon dioxide is also added into the atmosphere.
Water consumption
Water is one of the most important substances on earth. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If there was no water there would be no life on earth. There are two ways in which we can classify our water use. One type is in-stream use; this includes hydroelectric power, boating and swimming, for example. While in-stream activities do not use up the water, they can degrade the water quality through pollution. The other type of water use is the withdrawal of water, and this classification includes household use, industry use, irrigation, livestock watering and thermal and nuclear power. Most withdrawals are consumptions, meaning that the activity uses the water and does not return it to the source.
The amount of water that is taken (or withdrawn) from the source is called the water intake, and the amount that is returned is called the water discharge. The difference between the water intake and the water discharge is the amount consumed.
Water intake – Water discharge = Consumption
The total amount of water that is used is called the gross water use. The difference between the gross water use and the water intake is equal to the amount of water that is recirculated. The recirculated amount is expressed as a recycling rate and is a good indicator of water efficiency.
Gross water use – Water intake = Amount recirculated (or recycling rate)
Sources of water:
Ground Water:
Ground water refers to any source of water that lies beneath the soil layer. Ground water can exist in the soil itself or between rocks and other materials. Most communities obtain their water from underground aquifers, or rock formations capable of holding large amounts of freshwater. Only 3 percent of the water on earth is considered freshwater, with a mere 30 percent of that small amount being found as groundwater. Pollution, seawater contamination and overuse threaten this valuable resource.
Surface Water:
Sources of surface water can include any above-ground collection of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and oceans. Some sources of surface water are also fed by underground aquifers. Surface water accounts for 80 percent of the water humans use.
Ocean Water:
Although ocean water makes up nearly 97 percent of all water on earth, it is not a viable source of potable water unless salt and other impurities are removed. Desalination, the process by which salt is removed from water, is a rapidly growing practice. While salt and other microscopic particles can be removed from water in a variety of ways, the most promising method is through reverse osmosis. This process forces saltwater through filters with microscopic pores that remove salt and other microbes. Reverse osmosis requires large amounts of energy, making it a very expensive process.
Feature and properties of two guide bar warp knit designsMd Fahimuzzaman
Feature and properties of two guide bar warp knit designs
This structure is actually knitting two “half tricot” together with two bars moving in opposite direction.
This is a balanced structure, the two set of warp yarns are doing their overlap in opposite direction. This result in perfect upright loops in the fabric surface.
Study on drawing and doubling
Object of Jute Drawing:
1. Straighten the fibers in the sliver.
2. Parallelization of fibers in the sliver.
3. To reduce weight per unit length of sliver by drafting.
4. To reduce the thick and thin places in the sliver.
5. To increase smoothness, luster and strength of sliver by doubling.
6. To remove impurities from sliver.
Function of jute drawing:
1. Drafting the finisher card sliver to a count suitable for feeding the spinning frames.
2. Reduction of weight irregularities by doubling.
3. Straightening the fibers and laying them along the sliver axis so that when they come to be spun on spinning frame they will evenly drafted & twisted to form an acceptable yarn.
Types of Jute Drawing Frame:
According to Faller bar there ae two types of Drawing Frame:
1. Push bar Drawing Frame
a. Orthodox.
b. High speed type.
2. Spiral Drawing frame
a. Single thread types.
b. Double threads type.
c. Triple thread types.
Basic knowledge about blend dyeing
Dyeing of Blended Fibres & Fabrics
Blends:
Blends are any textile material from fiber through yarn to fabric which are deliberate combination of chemically or physically different fibrous polymer. Cotton and Polyester blend is an example of chemically different blend and Cotton and Viscose is physically different blend because both are cellulosic.
Reason for blending:
1.Economy: The dilution of an expensive fibre by blending with a cheaper substitute.
2.Durability: The incorporation of a more durable component to extend the useful life of a relatively fragile fibre.
3.Physical properties: A compromise to take advantage of desirable performance charactristics contribuition by both fibre components.
4.Color: The development of new fabric design for garments incorporating multicolor effect.
5.Appearance: The attainment of attractive appearance & perceptible qualities using combinations of yarns of different lusture, crimp or denier which still differ in appearance even when dyed with same color.
6.Other reasons-
Blending develops fibre properties.
Colorant modification is possible by blending.
Finishing process modification.
Improved moisture absorption, antistatic characteristics, reduced pilling, improved abrasion resistance.
Dyeing Possibilities with Blends:
1.Union Dyeing:
• This is suitable for fabrics containing two fibres to dye them in a single uniform colour, each dye suitable for one kind of fibre in the blend.
• Union dyeing is same as cross dyeing except that instead of multi-colour effects. One solid colour is produced. The dyer accomplishes this by using two or more classes of dye, each of the same colours.
• Different fibres may require different dyes to obtain the same colour; this may be done by putting the appropriate colour dye that is specific to each type of fibre in to one dye bath.
• For eg: a fabric composed of rayon and acetate can be dyed with a solid colour green by using a direct dye for the rayon, and a disperse dye of the same colour for the acetate.
2.Resist/Reserve dyeing:
• In resist dyeing at least one (but not all) of the components of the blend remains essentially undyed i.e almost white.
3.Cross dyeing:
• Cross dyeing produces fibres of contrasting color
• This is two types-
a)Shadow effect/Tone-in-Tone dyeing:
Two fibres are dyed in same hue & brightness but the depth is different. It is called tone-in-tone or shadow effect.
b)Contrast effect:
Two fibres are dyed with strong difference in hue, brightness & depth.This is called contrast effect. Pleasing final appearance is important here.
Dyeing fault causes and remedies
Dyeing Fault:
Uneven dyeing:
Causes
•Due to improper pretreatment.
• Very rapid addition of dyes and chemicals.
• Lack of controlling dyeing parameters
Remedies
•Check addition of dyes and chemicals are at a steadily
increasing rate.
•Proper pretreatments.
•Check the rope turnover time.
•Proper washing after dyeing.
Running shade:
Causes
•Machine loading is higher.
•Running at lower nozzle pressure.
•High bath draining temperature.
Remedies
•Proper cycle time should be ensured.
•Nozzle pressure should be accurate.
•Bath draining temperature should be moderate.
Feature and properties of two guide bar warp knit designs Md Fahimuzzaman
Feature and properties of two guide bar warp knit designs
Features of two guide bar warp knit design:
Good Dimensional stability, reasonable cover
Better loop shape and ladder resistance
Reasonable weight
Better pattern scope
Warp knitting and crochet machines are used to produce a huge range of warp knitted fabrics (warp knits) for clothing, household textiles and technical textiles. Warp knitting machines are either single needle bar machines or double needlebar machines and are available in a wide range of gauges and widths, Modern machines are electronically controlled in terms of patterning, beam let-off and fabric take-up.
Laps of warp knit machine
What is lap?
Loops are termed as laps in warp knitting because warp guide laps their yarn around the needle in order to formed the loops structure.
Laser treatment a new dimension in denim washing.Md Fahimuzzaman
Laser treatment a new dimension in denim washing
Denim washing is an aesthetic finish that is imparted to fabric to improve the softness and comfort of the fabric. In addition, the fabric achieves a different look such as a faded or worn-out appearance, seam puckering, de-pilling, crinkles, hairiness etc.
Now-a-days denim wash is much popular both dry and wet washing process. According to the fashion and appearance, there include new washing process and technology such as 3D or laser techniques.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
1. Impact of Textile Effluent on Environment.
Presented by ,
Shanzida Binte Hassan
TE-14030
Department of textile Engineering.
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
2. Contents
Introduction
Impact of Textile Effluent on Environment
Impact of Textile Effluent on Soil
Impact of Textile Effluent on Water
Some effect of water pollution
Impact of Textile Effluent on Human body
Impact of Textile Effluent on Air
3. Introduction
With escalating demand for textile products, textile mills and their wastewater have been
increasing proportionally, causing a major problem of pollution in the world.
They have impact on Air, water, soil and human body.
5. Impact of Textile Effluent on Soil
Textile effluent pollutes the soil. Soil is the most important medium for growing plant, bushes,
crops etc. the quality of crops depends upon the quality of soil. So, when the quality of soil
decrease due to industrial effluent, the amount of quality of crops also decrease. It also seen
that, the lower land become more polluted than higher lands. Because, the effluent ultimately
deposited in the lower lands.
6. Impact of Textile Effluent on Water
Water pollution is considered to be the biggest environmental threat all over the world.
Generally, surface water used for dyeing, printing, sizing, bleaching etc. this water mix with river
water and water gets polluted.
9. Impact of Textile Effluent on Human body
Carcinogenic benzidine based dyes also for reactive dyes.
Highly toxic basic and diazo dyes
Bladder tumour
11. Impact of Textile Effluent on ambient
environment
Disturb the COD and BOD percentage.
Increase acidic and basic toxicity.
12. Impact of Textile Effluent on Air
The major air pollution problem in the textile industry occurs during the finishing stage, where
various processes are employed for coating the fabrics.
Coating the materials include lubricating oils, plasticizers, paints and water repellent chemicals
essentially, organic compound. Such as: oils, waxes or solvents.