The document discusses the environmental issues faced by the Indian textile industry. It provides details on the structure and size of the industry, which is one of the largest in India. The decentralized sector, which includes powerlooms and handlooms, accounts for the majority of textile production. Wet processing poses serious pollution problems due to the large quantity of chemicals used. Strict environmental regulations have been introduced but enforcement remains a challenge. The industry needs to modernize and adopt cleaner technologies to compete globally in a sustainable manner.

1. INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTY-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Prof.R.B.CHAVAN DEPT. OF TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HAUZ-KHAS, NEW DELHI

2. INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY STATUS OCCUPIES UNIQUE POSITION IN INDIAN ECONOMY 14% OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION 33% OF TOTAL EXPORTS 1-1.5% IMPORT BILL SINGLE LARGEST EMPLOYER IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR 35 MILLION EMPLOYMENT 93 MILLION INCLUDING EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE, GINNING, PRESSING, COTTON TRADE, JUTE

3. PRESENT PAPER STRUCTURE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY PROBLEMS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGY GERMAN BAN RESPONSE OF MINISTRY OF TEXTILES TO COPE WITH GERMAN BAN

4. STRUCTURE OF INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSRY TWO EXTREMES KHADI : HANDSPUN , HAND WOVEN FABRIC HIGHLY CAPITAL INTENSIVE MODERN SOPHISTICATED ORGANIZED MILL SECTOR IN BETWEEN DECENTRALIZED POWERLOOM, KNITTNG AND GARMENT SECTORS PRODUCTS DIVERSIFIED MANUFACTURE OF TRADITIONAL ITEMS MANUFACTURE OF FASHION ITEMS FOR SOPHISTICATED NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL MAKETS

5. INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY- BROAD DIVISION NATURAL FIBRES: COTTON, WOOL, SILK, JUTE ETC MAN MADE AND SYNTHETIC FIBRES AND BLENDS OUT OF TOTAL TEXTILE PRODUCTION COTTON >70% MAN MADE AND SYNTHETIC 20% WOOL, SILK, JUTE ETC 10%

6. Decentralized Sector TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA NATURAL FIBRES / FABRICS MAN-MADE FIBRES / FABRICS Organized Sector (Mills) Spinning Composites Handloom Powerloom Khadi WOOL J UTE SILK COTTON RAYON Cellulose / viscose BLENDED (Synthetic + Natural) SYNTHETIC (Nylon, PET, PAN)

7. NATURAL FIBRES COTTON COTTON TEXTILES PRODUCED IN ORGANIZED SECTOR SPINNING MILLS : YARN PRODUCTION COMPOSITE MILLS : YARN, GREY AND PROCESSED FABRIC PRODUCTION DECENTRALIZED SECTOR POWERLOOM, HANDLOOM, KHAD I AND HOSIERY PRODUCTION

8. ORGANIZED MILL SECTOR 1400 SPINNING MILLS 280 COMPOSIT MILLS SPINNING CAPACITY 11 MILLION SPINDLES IN 1951 33 MILLION SPINDLES IN 1997 (19% OF WORLDS SPINDLE) WEAVING CAPACITY 2.1 LAKH LOOMS IN 1951 1.24 LAKH LOOMS IN 1997 REASON : RISE OF POWERLOOM SECTOR PRESENT SHARE OF MILL SECTOR 6% IN THE TOTAL CLOTH PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRY

10. DEENTRALIZED SECTOR HANDLOOM PRODUCTION OF NAURAL FIBRE FABRICS, COTTON, WOOL AND SILK SYNTHETIC AND BLENDED FABRICS APPROXIMATELY 3.9 MILLION HANDLOOMS 20% OF TOTAL CLOTH PRODUCTION TILL RECENTLY, PROTECTION FROM GOVT. OF INDIA TO WITHSTAND COMPETITION FROM MILL AND POWERLOOM SECTOR LABOUR INTENSIVE PROVIDE SUPPLEMENTARY EARNING TO AGRO RURAL STRATA OF SOCIETY

11. DEENTRALIZED SECTOR POWERLOOM 13 LAKH POWERLOOMS 70% OF TOTAL CLOTH PRODUCTION PLAYING PIVOTAL ROLE DUE TO LOWER COST OF PRODUCTION FLEXIBILITY IN CHANGING THE PRODUCTION PATTERN TO SUIT THE MARKET DEMAND PROXIMITY TO FABRIC WHOLESALE MARKETS FAVOURABLE EXCISE DUTY STRUCTURE

12. Share of Cloth Production Organized Sector Power Loom Handloom

13. MATERIAL FLOW ALONG THE TEXTILE CLOTHING CHAIN Synthetic Fibre Basic chemicals petrochemistry Production of monomers / Production Fibre, yarn, fabric Natural Fibre - Cultivation . . fertilizers pesticides - Crop auxiliary agents Textile Processing e.g. desizing, mercerizing, bleaching, dyeing, printing, finishing Garment / Textile industry Use Packing, washing, dry-cleaning Disposal

14. HOSIERY SECTOR SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY  LABOUR INTENSIVE  PRODUCION RANGE T SHIRTS,CARDIGANNS, JERSEY, PULLOVERS, POLO SHIRTS, INNER GARMENTS FO MEN AND WOMEN .

15. WET PROCESSING  PROCESS HOUSES SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY  MOST BEING IN AND AROUND POWERLOOM CENTRES  CARRIES POST WEAVING/KNITTING OPERATIONS : BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING AND FINISHING.

16. GARMENT MANUFACTURING  GROWN PREDOMINENTLY DUE TO EXPORT DEMANDS  TILL RECENTLY IN SMALL SCALE SECTOR  OPEN TO ORGANIZED SECTOR

17. SILK  SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER  PRODUCE ALL FOUR VARIETIES i.e MULBERRY, TUSSAR, ERI, MUGA  MAJOR CONCENTRATION IN SMALL SCALE SECTOR

18. JUTE  HIGHEST JUTE AND JUTE GOODS PRODUCTION  CONVENTIONAL USE: PACKAGING MATERIAL  DIVERSIFIED USES: APPAREL,FLOOR COVERINGS, HOME FURNISHING, FIBRE COMPOSITES, GEO TEXTILES, TECHNICL TEXTILES, SOFT LUGGAGE

19. MAN MADE FIBRES  PRODUCTION OF VISCOSE, POLYESTER, ACRYLIC, NYLON, POLYPROPELENE.  BLENDED YARN AND FABRICS PARTICULARLY POLYESTER/COTTON

20. TEXTILE EXPORTS  20 BILLION DOLLARS?   LEADING OVERSEAS MARKETS FOR EXPORTS ARE   EUROPEAN UNION, USA, MIDDLE EAST, ASEAN COUNTRIES, JAPAN  UNDERGOING RADICAL CHANGE  HUGE INVESTMENTS FOR MODERNIZATION  TO BECOME COMPETITIVE IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET  VALUE ADDITION PRODUCTS FOR GLOBAL MARKET  ASSURED SUPPLY OF GOOD QUALITY RAW MATERIAL, HUMAN SKILLS POISED TO BE LEADING PLAYER IN INTERNATIONA L MARKET

21. INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND ITS PROBLEMS  ONE OF THE OLDEST AND SINGLE LARGEST INDUSTRIAL SECTORS  SHARE OF TEXTILE PRODUCTION  IN 50S  ORGANIZED SECTOR >75%   DENCENTRALIZED POWERLOOM 25% PRESENTLY    ORGANIZED SECTOR 6% BALANCE POWERLOOME, HANDLOOM, HOSIERY

22. DIFFICULT PHASE 60S AND 70S   OBSOLETE MACHINERY   LACK OF MAINTENANCE   LACK OF MODERNIZATION   LOW PRODUCTIVITY   LOW CAPACITY UTILIZATION   STAGNANT DOMESTIC MARKETS   SAGGING EXPORTS  WIDE SPREAD SICKNESS

23. EMERGING TRENDS    EMERGENCE OF SYNTHETIC AND BLENDED FABRICS    PHENOMENAL EXPANSION OF SPINNING    RAPID EXPANSION OF DECENTRALIZED POWERLOOM SECTOR    BROUGHT SICKNESS COMPOSIT ORGANIZED SECTOR    LARGE NUMBER OF MILLS WENT BANKRUPT    2/3 OF THEM WERE COMPOSIT MILLS

24. NATIONALIZATION (1967)    SETTING UP OF NATIONAL TEXTILE CORPORATION (NTC)    MAIN OBJECTIVE: EMPLOYMENT RELIEF TO THOUSANDS OF WORKERS    PRODUCTION OF CONTROLLED CLOTH    EXPERIMENT MISERABLY FAILED   MANY NTC MILLS CLOSED DOWN

25. NEW TEXTILE POLICY (1980)    OBJECTIVE: DEVELOP HARMONIOUSLY    MILL, POWERLOOM AND HANDLOOM SECTORS    RECOGNITION OF LACK OF MODERNIZATION AS MAIN CAUSE OF SICKNESS    750 CRORE AS TEXTLE MODERNIZATION FUNDS IN 1986

26. SHIFT IN PRODUCTION PATTERN   1987 GLOBAL INCREASE IN COTTON PRICES    SPINNING THOUGH TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED, LABOUR INTENSIVE    DEVELOPED COUNTRIES PREFERRED TO BYU YARN FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES   LED TO YARN EXPORT GROWTH IN INDIA FROM 1987 ONWARDS   5% YARN EXPORT IN 1990 INCREASED TO 22% IN 1997

27. LIBERIZATION    DE-LICENSING OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY (1991)    IMPORT OF MODERN MACHINES TO SET UP NEW UNITS    IMPROVEMENT IN YARN QUALITY    INDIA BECAME GLOBAL PLAYER IN YARN EXPORTS

28. COLLAPSE OF YARN EXPORTS   IN 1990   70% EXPORT TO QUOTA COUNTRIES   30% TO NON-QUOTA COUNTRIES AFTER LIBERIZATION   INCREASE IN PRODUCTION   STAGNANT QUOTA EXPORTS   SHOT UP IN NON-QUOTA EXPORS 80%   DROP IN QUOTA EXPORTS 20%   UNINTENTIIONAL EXPORT DEPENDENCE ON NON-QUOTA COUNTRIES

29. COLLAPSE OF YARN EXPORTS   IN 1997   CURRENCY CRISIS IN SOUTH EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES   SEVERE EFFECT ON EXPORTS   EXPORT BELOW COST   DUMP EXPORT QUALITY YARN IN DOMESTIC MARKET   CRIPPLING EFFECT ON TEXTILE INDUSTRU   HUGE OVERSUPPLY POSITION   SUNRISE INDUSTRY BECAME SUNSET INDUSTRY

30. WTO REGIME    MEMBER OF WTO    SIGNATORY TO GATT( GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE AND TARRIF)    END OF ATC (AGREEMENT OF TEXTILES AND CLOTHING) BY DECEMBER 2004.    END OF QUOTA ERA    TO FACE THE GLOBAL COMPETITION    LIMITED TIME FOR    INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURE    IMPROVED QUALITY PRODUCTS AT COMPETITIVE PRICE

31. NEED OF THE HOUR    MODERNIZE TO COMPETE GLOBALLY    WITHSTAND CHEAPER IMPORTS FROM CHINA, PAKISTAN AND OTHER SOUTH-EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION FUND SCHEME (TUFS)    Rs 25 000 CRORE FOR MODERNIZATION    5% RE-IMBERSEMENT OF INTEREST CHARGED BY FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS    IN OPERATION FOR FIVE YEARS FROM APRIL 1999 – MARCH 2004

32.   INDIA IS FIRST COUNTRY TO HAVE CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION.   NO SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL NORMS FOR TEXTILE SECTOR   INDUSTRY SPECIFIC STANDARDS EXIST   STRINGENT ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION   POORLY EMFORCED   JUDICIARY HAS TO INTERVENE TO ENFORCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES   JUDICIARY HAS GO T ITS OWN LIMITATIONS AND CAN NOT ACT AS ENFORCING AGENCY.   MAKING LAW ONLY DOES NOT HELP   ENVIRONMENT IS A SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY   DESIRABLE COMPLIENCE SHOULD COME VOLUNTARILY FROM INDUSTRY AND NOT BY POLICING ENVIRONMENT LEGISLATION

33. IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT    INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH POLLUTION    EXTENT VARIES    CONCEPT: TO KEEP POLLUTION LEVEL AS L O W AS POSSIBLE    ANOTHER DIMENSION: SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY STANDARDS SAS 800    NO CHILD LABOUR    MINIMUM LABOUR WAGES    PROVISION OF HYGIENIC CONDITIONS AT WORK PLACE    COMPLIANCE WITH GERMAN BAN INTRODUCED IN 1996

34. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS   TEXTILE WET PROCESSING POSES SERIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS   USE OF LARGE NUMBER OF CHEMICALS (ESTIMATE 8000) AND IN LARGE QUANTITIES IN WET PROCESSING   DYES AND FINISHING AGENTS REMAIN ATTACHED TO TEXTILES   SOME OF THEM POSE HEALTH HAZARDS (CARCINOGENIC DYES, FORMALDEHYDE BASED INISHES)   ‘ POISON IN WARDROBE’   SUBSTANTIAL PROPORTION OF THESE CHEMICALS REMAIN IN THE PROCESSED WATER    WATER POLLUTION   AIR POLLUTION DURING DRYING AND POLYMERIZATION OF FINISHING OPERATION AND PIGMENT PRINTING WHEN KEROSENE IS USED FOR EMULSION THICKENING

35. Input / output analysis of Textile Finishing Processes Textile Auxiliaries Dyes Base chemicals (e.g. acid, Alkali, sodium chloride) Textile Energy Natural Fibres; 10-20 MJ/kg Synthetic Fibres: 5-50 MJ/kg Water 60-360 l/kg textile Polluted Air Water Effluent Waste Sewage sludge: 60-70 g/kg textile Wet Processing (pre-treatment, dyeing, printing, finishing.)

36. AIR EMMISSION SOURCES FOUR GENERAL CATEGORIES   OIL AND ACID MISTS   SOLVENT VAPOURS   ODOUR   DUST AND LINT

37. OIL AND ACID MISTS   MOST COMMON SOURCE IS STENTER   EVAPORATION OF SPINNING OILS, PLASTICIZERS, AND VOLATILE FINISHING AGENTS   ACID MISTS (CORROSIVE)   DURING WOOL CARBONIZATION   VOLATILIZATION OF ORGANIC ACIDS LIKE ACETIC ACID

38. SOLVENT VAPOURS   INCLUDE LARGE NUMBER OF TOXIC CHEMICALS   KEROSENE OR MINERAL TURPENTINE OIL   FORMALDEHYDE   CARRIERS FOR POLYESTER DYEING   CHLOROFLUORO HYDROCARBONS

39. ODOUR   ASSOCIATED WITH   OIL MIST OR SOLVENT VAPOURS   SULPHUR DYEING   BLEACHING WITH SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE

40. DUST AND LINT PRODUCED DURING   SPINNING AND WEAVING   CARPET SHEARING   CAUSE RESPIRATORY DISEASES

41. EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTICS TEXTILE EFFLUENTS GENERALLY ARE    COLOURED    HIGH BOD    HIGH TDS    HIGH RATIO BETWEEN BOD AND COD    RATIO OF 1:2 TO 1:3 INDICATES GOOD BIODEGRADABILITY    IN WOOL RATIO 1:5 INDICATING DIFFICULT BIODEGRADABILITY DUE TO GREASE CONTENT

42. DETERGENTS AND SURFACTANTS   RISK TO AQUATIC LIFE   HEALTH RISK TO LARGE POPULATION IF DISCHARGED IN RIVER USED FOR DRINKING

43. METAL POLLUTANTS   METAL COMPLEX DYES   CHROMIUM SALTS USED FOR SULPHUR DYE OXIDATION   CHROME DYEING OF WOOL • MORDANTS FOR NATURAL DYES

44. ORGANIC WASTES   SIZES   VARIOUS ORGANIC SOLVENTS AND ACIDS

45. CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE WASTES   HARD TO TREAT   HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC   DISPERSIBLE • HIGH VOLUME

46. HARD TO T R EAT WASTES   COLOURS   METALS   PHENOL   TOXIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS   PHOSPHATES   NON-BIODEGRADABLE SURFACTANTS   TOXIC TO AQUATIC LIFE

47. TOXIC WASTES   SUB GROUP OF HARD TO TREAT WASTES   METALS   CHLORINATED SOLVENTS   BOILER CHEMICALS

48. DISPERSIBLE WASTES   PRINT PASTES    COATING CHEMICALS    UNUSED PROCESS CHEMICALS

49. HIGH VOLUME WASTES WASH WATER FROM PREPARATORY DYEING PRINTING EXHAUSTED DYEBATHS

50. POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGIES    CLE A NER PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES • END OF PIPE TREATMENTS

51. CLEANER PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES WASTE MINIMIZATION    HIGHEST PRIORITY FOR REDUCTION IN WASTE WATER    COUNTER CURRENT WASHING OPERATIONS   OPTIMUM USE OF PROCESS CHEMICALS    SUBSTITUTION OF TOXIC CHEMICALS BY ECO FRIENDLY CHEMICALS    GOOD HOUSE KEEPING    RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS SUCH AS SIZE, CAUSTIC SODA, DYES AND GREASE    REPLACEMENT OF HIGH BOD CHEMICALS BY LOW BOD ONES    USE OF LOW LIQUOR RATIO DYEING EQUIPMENTS    IMPROVED PRODUCTION PROCESSES TO ELIMINATE AND REDUCE WASTE AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

52. CLEANER PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES END OF PIPE TREATMENTS    SEGREGATION AND SEPARATE TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC EFFLUENT STREAM IS MORE EFFICIENT COMPARED TO    COMBINED AND COMPLEX EFFLUENTS  SUCH STRATEGY PROVIDE OPPORTUNITY TO    RE-USE WATER    RECOVER CHEMICALS • REDUCE SIZE OF TREATMENT PLANT

53. EFFLUENT TREATMENT COMMON PROCESS    PRIMARY SETTLING   FLOCULATION/CHEMICAL COAGULATION   BIOLOGICAL TRETMENT   SECONDARY PHYSICAL ADSORPTION   TERTIARY TREATMENT IF NECESSARY

54. SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL FORMATION OF LARGE QUANTITIES OF SLUDGE DURING BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT  SUBJECT SLUDGE TO AEROBIC DIGESTION  DEWATER BY CENTRIFUGE  DISPOSE OFF TO LAND FILL

55. SOLID WASTES INCLUDE   CANS   REJECTED FABRIC PIECES   CART AWAY TO LAND FILL OR   INCINERATE ON OR OFF SITE   DURING INCINERATION ADEQUATE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

56. AIR EMMISSION CONROL OIL MISTS AND VOLATILE ORGANIC CARBON (VOC)  MORE DIFFICULT TO CONTROL   CONTROL THE APPLICATION OF SPINNING OILS AND FINISHING AGENTS   PROPER AIR DUCTING   INSTALLATION OF MIST ELIMINATORS   CONDENSATION OF VAPOURS BY COOLING THE CONTAMINATED AIR

57. MANAGING AND AUDITING RESOURCE CONSUMPTION RESEARCH ASSOCIATIONS DEVELOPED MANUFACTURING NORMS FOR  DESIRABLE USAGE OF RESOURCES SUCH AS WATER, LABOUR, ELECTRICITY AND COMMON CHEMICALS  NORMS NOT IMPOSED LEGALLY  ACT AS GUIDELINES  MEMBERMILLS ARE ENCOURAGED TO FOLLOW THESE NORMS  RECORD OF SIMPLE MATERIAL BALANCE  WORTH EXAMINING THE RECORD OF STORE KEEPER AND PROCESSING DEPRTMENTS TO TRACK LOSSES OF EXPENSIVE AND/OR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS DURING HANDLING AND PROCESSING

58. MANAGING AND AUDITING RESOURCE CONSUMPTION • ASSESSMENT AT INTERVALS THE PERFORMANCE OF EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS   IT IS NECESSARY TO EMPLOY A FULL TIME PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL TEAM OR TRAIN SENIOR STAFF AND WORKERS TO UNDERTAKE ENVIRONMENT MONITORING AND AUDIT TASKS   COMMITMENT BY TO MANAGEMENT TO ESTABLISH SOUND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM   THIS WOULD ALSO IMPROVE THE PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF THE ORGANIZATION

59. SIMPLE OPTIONS    IMPROVED HOUSEKEEPING    BETTER EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE    OPTIMIZATION OF VARIOUS PROCESS SEQUENCES    THE MANAGERS MUST HAVE BASELINE DATA FOR SIMILAR OPERATIONA IN OTHER INDUSTRIES    COMPARE AND INTERPRET THE RESULTS WITH OPEN MIND    ALLOW DISCUSSION BETWEEN STAFF AND ENCOURAGE TEAM MEMBERS TO BRING FORWARD INNOVATIVE IDEAS    EVALUATE THE IDEAS FROM TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

60. POLICY MANAGEMENT BY GOVT OF INDIA GERMAN BAN AND GOVERNMENT RESPONSE RECOGNITION THAT NUMBER OF DYES AND CHEMICALS ARE HAZARDOUS AFFECT THE CONSUMER HEALTH CAUSE IRREPARABLE DAMAGE TO ENVIRONMENT GERMANY IMPOSED BAN ON THE USE OF AZO DYES BASED ON CARCINOGENIC AMINE ABOUT 300 AZO DYES SUSPECTED TO BE CARCINOGENIC HAVE BEEN WITHDRAWN ENVIRONMENTA L PERMISSIBILITY NORMS FOR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS ARE AVAILABLE FROM VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

61. ECO STANDARDS AND ECO LABLES   CONCEPT OF ECO FRIENDLY TEXTILES IS PROMOTED BY ECO STANDARDS AND ECO LABLES    ECO LABLES ARE BASED ON ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY NORMS FOR VARIOUS CHEMICALS STIPULATED ON THE BASIS OF CRADLE TO GRAVE APPROACH    USE OF ECO LABLES IS VOLUNTARY IN NATURE 

62. ECO STANDARDS AND ECO LABLES CHEMICALS CONSIDERED FOR ECO NORMS   FORMALDEHYDE   TOXIC PESTICIDES   PENTACHORO PHENOL   HEAVY METAL TRACES   CARCINOGENIC AZO DYES   HALOGEN CARRIERS   CHLORINE BLEACHING

63. EFFORTS MADE BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA REGULATORY MEASURES PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF BANNED DYES EVOLUTION OF ECO STANDARDS AND LOGO FOR ECO FRIENDLY TEXTILES

64. EFFORTS MADE BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEVELOPMENTAL MEASURES ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIVE SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS FOR THE AWARENESS OF ECO FRIENDLY CONCEPTS ASSISTANCE TO INDUSTRY FOR THE SECURING ISO 9000 AND EMS 14000 CERTIFICATION FINACIAL ASSISTANCE THROUGH TUFS FOR MODERNIZATION MASSIVE PROGRAMME ON SETTING ECO TESTING FACILITIES