This document summarizes a novel control method for variable speed pumped storage power plants using direct torque control (DTC) and a two-level voltage source converter (2LVSC). It begins by introducing variable speed pumped storage and some common control methods like static frequency converters and cycloconverters. It then provides more detail on DTC strategy for controlling a doubly fed asynchronous machine, including modeling the machine equations and analyzing the effect of voltage vectors on torque and flux regulation. Simulation results are presented showing improved efficiency compared to conventional plants from applying the novel DTC with 2LVSC control method.
In present days of electrical industries, adjustable speed controlled induction
motor drives are very common due to its versatile features. For the speed control of induction
motor, variable frequency sources are the heart of such drives. To attain variable frequency
and variable voltage supply a power electronics device; single phase matrix converter is
proposed.
In this paper, the single phase matrix converter is modeled in MATLAB Simulink
environment; controlled with sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique, control scheme is
implemented in a Xilinx system generator environment and interfaced with power circuit in
MATLAB Simulink. Analyses this SPMC with different type of loads in both frequency step
up and step down modes. Based on simulation results, this converter is suitable for variable
frequency power supplies, varying load conditions and variable speed electrical drives.
FPGA control is best suitable for controlling a circuit like SPMC, consists of more
controlled elements to attain fast operation.
A NEW APPROACH TO DTC METHOD FOR BLDC MOTOR ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVEScscpconf
This paper proposes a new approach to direct torque control (DTC) method for brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives. In conventional DTC method, two main reference parameters are used as: flux and torque. In this paper, the new approach has been proposed to improve the BLDC motor dynamic performance. A main difference from the conventional method of it was that only one reference parameter (speed) was used to control the BLDC motor and the second control parameter (flux) was obtained from speed error through the proposed control algorithm. Thus, the DTC performance has been especially improved on systems which need variable speed and torque during operation, like electric vehicles. The dynamic models of the BLDC and the DTC method have been created on Matlab/Simulink. The proposed method has been confirmed and verified by the dynamic simulations on different working conditions.
Advanced deep flux weakening operation control strategies for IPMSM IJECEIAES
This paper proposes an advanced flux-weakening control method to enlarge the speed range of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In the deep flux weakening (FW) region, the flux linkage decreases as the motor speed increases, increasing instability. Classic control methods will be unstable when operating in this area when changing load torque or reference speed is required. The paper proposes a hybrid control method to eliminate instability caused by voltage limit violation and improve the reference velocity-tracking efficiency when combining two classic control methods. Besides, the effective zone of IPMSM in the FW is analyzed and applied to enhance stability and efficiency following reference velocity. Simulation results demonstrate the strength and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Analysis of a High Efficiency Boost-Inverter with Back-up Battery Storage in ...irjes
paper, proposes an analysis and design of a high efficiency boost-inverter with bidirectional back-up battery storage in fuel cell. When low-voltage unregulated fuel cell (FC) output is conditioned to generate AC power, two stages are required: a boost stage and an inversion one. In this paper, the boost-inverter topology that achieves both boosting and inversion functions in a single-stage is used to develop an FC-based energy system which offers high conversion efficiency, low-cost and compactness. The proposed system incorporates additional battery-based energy storage and a DC-DC bi-directional converter to support instantaneous load changes. The output voltage of the boost-inverter is voltage-mode controlled and the DC-DC bidirectional converter is current-mode controlled. The load low frequency current ripple is supplied by the battery which minimizes the effects of such ripple being drawn directly from the FC itself. Analysis, simulation results are presented to confirm the operational performance of the proposed system.
In present days of electrical industries, adjustable speed controlled induction
motor drives are very common due to its versatile features. For the speed control of induction
motor, variable frequency sources are the heart of such drives. To attain variable frequency
and variable voltage supply a power electronics device; single phase matrix converter is
proposed.
In this paper, the single phase matrix converter is modeled in MATLAB Simulink
environment; controlled with sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique, control scheme is
implemented in a Xilinx system generator environment and interfaced with power circuit in
MATLAB Simulink. Analyses this SPMC with different type of loads in both frequency step
up and step down modes. Based on simulation results, this converter is suitable for variable
frequency power supplies, varying load conditions and variable speed electrical drives.
FPGA control is best suitable for controlling a circuit like SPMC, consists of more
controlled elements to attain fast operation.
A NEW APPROACH TO DTC METHOD FOR BLDC MOTOR ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVEScscpconf
This paper proposes a new approach to direct torque control (DTC) method for brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives. In conventional DTC method, two main reference parameters are used as: flux and torque. In this paper, the new approach has been proposed to improve the BLDC motor dynamic performance. A main difference from the conventional method of it was that only one reference parameter (speed) was used to control the BLDC motor and the second control parameter (flux) was obtained from speed error through the proposed control algorithm. Thus, the DTC performance has been especially improved on systems which need variable speed and torque during operation, like electric vehicles. The dynamic models of the BLDC and the DTC method have been created on Matlab/Simulink. The proposed method has been confirmed and verified by the dynamic simulations on different working conditions.
Advanced deep flux weakening operation control strategies for IPMSM IJECEIAES
This paper proposes an advanced flux-weakening control method to enlarge the speed range of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In the deep flux weakening (FW) region, the flux linkage decreases as the motor speed increases, increasing instability. Classic control methods will be unstable when operating in this area when changing load torque or reference speed is required. The paper proposes a hybrid control method to eliminate instability caused by voltage limit violation and improve the reference velocity-tracking efficiency when combining two classic control methods. Besides, the effective zone of IPMSM in the FW is analyzed and applied to enhance stability and efficiency following reference velocity. Simulation results demonstrate the strength and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Analysis of a High Efficiency Boost-Inverter with Back-up Battery Storage in ...irjes
paper, proposes an analysis and design of a high efficiency boost-inverter with bidirectional back-up battery storage in fuel cell. When low-voltage unregulated fuel cell (FC) output is conditioned to generate AC power, two stages are required: a boost stage and an inversion one. In this paper, the boost-inverter topology that achieves both boosting and inversion functions in a single-stage is used to develop an FC-based energy system which offers high conversion efficiency, low-cost and compactness. The proposed system incorporates additional battery-based energy storage and a DC-DC bi-directional converter to support instantaneous load changes. The output voltage of the boost-inverter is voltage-mode controlled and the DC-DC bidirectional converter is current-mode controlled. The load low frequency current ripple is supplied by the battery which minimizes the effects of such ripple being drawn directly from the FC itself. Analysis, simulation results are presented to confirm the operational performance of the proposed system.
Modelling and Simulation of DC-Motor Electric Drive Control System with Varia...IDES Editor
This work represents a mathematical analysis and
simulation of dc-motor electric drive control system with
variable moment of inertia. A separately-excited dc motor is
used in this control system. A mathematical model for this
motor has been simulated and tested in Matlab/Simulink. A
closed-loop control system for this dc electric drive system is
proposed. The proposed control system is based on the
technical optimum method of design. The controlled variable
of this system is the load angular speed. In this control system
the moment of inertia is considered to be variable. It varies as
a function of time. A speed controller and a current controller
are designed for the suggested model to meet the desired
performance specifications by using the technical optimum
method. These controllers are attached to the control system
and the closed-loop response is observed by simulation and
testing this model. The results show the high-performance of
the designed control system.
Comparative Performance Study for Closed Loop Operation of an Adjustable Spee...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper an extensive comparative study is carried out between PI
and PID controlled closed loop model of an adjustable speed Permanent
Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive. The incorporation of Sinusoidal
Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) strategy establishes near sinusoidal
armature phase currents and comparatively less torque ripples without
sacrificing torque/weight ratio. In this closed loop model of PMSM drive, the
information about reference speed is provided to a speed controller, to ensure
that actual drive speed tracks the reference speed with ideally zero steady
state speed error. The entire model of PMSM closed loop drive is divided
into two loops, inner loop current and outer loop speed. By taking the
different combinations of two classical controllers (PI & PID) related with
two loop control structure, different approximations are carried out. Hence a
typical comparative study is introduced to familiar with the different
performance indices of the system corresponding to time domain and
frequency domain specifications. Therefore overall performance of closed
loop PMSM drive is tested and effectiveness of controllers will be
determined for different combinations.
Voltage profile Improvement Using Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOMINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a regulating device used in AC transmission systems as a source or a sink of reactive power. The most widely utilization of the STATCOM is in enhancing the voltage stability of the transmission line. A voltage regulator is a FACTs device used to adjust the voltage disturbance by injecting a controllable voltage into the system. This paper implement Nruro-Fuzzy controller to control the STATCOM to improve the voltage profile of the power network. The controller has been simulated for some kinds of disturbances and the results show improvements in voltage profile of the system. The performance of STATCOM with its controller was very close within 98% of the nominal value of the busbar voltage.
Transient Stability Evaluation of the Power Generation under a Blackout Condi...theijes
An operational condition of a power system is able to affect to stability performances after disturbed by a certain fault on the interconnection system. Moreover, this fault also gives impact to the blackout situation created by a large disturbance as disconnecting back bone lines of the interconnection system. In detail, this case is presented in this paper for evaluating transient stability performances of generating units while producing energy for the load center online the power system operation with the blackout situation designed using a branch tripping method. Furthermore, the transient stability responses are subjected to the power generation of the electric power system in Malang Raya as a real system operation for interacting the generating and demand sites. Results obtained show that voltage changes of Wlingi power station is 0.944 pu to 0.946 pu and its overshoot is 0,962. But the other overshoot of the power generation in Sutami remained to 0.968 pu at 0.5 second after appearing a blackout fault and its voltage increase to 0.952 pu from 0.948 pu at the final stable position.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
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Computer Simulation of PMSM Motor with Five Phase Inverter Control using Sign...IJECEIAES
The signal processing techniques and computer simulation play an important role in the fault diagnosis and tolerance of all types of machines in the first step of design. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and five phase inverter with sine wave pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategy is developed. The PMSM speed is controlled by vector control. In this work, a fault tolerant control (FTC) system in the PMSM using wavelet switching is introduced. The feature extraction property of wavelet analysis used the error as obtained by the wavelet de-noised signal as input to the mechanism unit to decide the healthy system. The diagnosis algorithm, which depends on both wavelet and vector control to generate PWM as current based manage any parameter variation. An open-end phase PMSM has a larger range of speed regulation than normal PMSM. Simulation results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the switching strategy.
Using HBCC System Power Factor Correction of Three Phase PWM AC Chopper Fed I...Chaitra Panat
In this presentation, Power Factor is corrected using a special technique which is nothing but a Hysteresis Band Current Control method. Smooth starting as well as speed control of induction motor drive system is also possible.
Enhancing Power Quality in Transmission System Using Fc-TcrIJMER
FACTS methodology is totally based on power electronics devices which are used to increase the transmission capability. To make the power system flexible, FACTS technology is used to attain entire control of power system i.e. transmission, distribution and generation. This paper is mainly concerned about the significance of Fixed Capacitor Thyristor Control Reactor (FC-TCR) acquiring automatic power and steady state voltage stability with the help of fuzzy logic controller. In transmission systems, the fuzzy rules are set to generate the required firing angle of FC-TCR to maintain a flat profile of steady state voltage and stability. The fundamental model is simulated in MATLAB along with the fuzzy logic control strategy. The results obtained are trust worthy and it can be used for controlling the voltage and reactive power in any electrical transmission system.
Improved predictive current model control based on adaptive PR controller for...IJECEIAES
This paper investigates an improved current predictive model control (PCMC) strategy with a prediction horizon of one sampling time for voltage regulation in standalone system based on diesel engine driven fixed speed synchronous generator. An adaptive PR controller with anti-windup scheme is employed to achieve high performance regulation without saturation issues. In addition, new method to obtain the optimal parameters of the adaptive PR controller to achieve high performance during the transition and in steady state, is provided. Furthermore, to balance the power at the point of common coupling (PCC), as well as, to fulfilling a clean power to the connected loads, a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with LRC filter is controlled using the developed improved PCMC strategy. The output filter current is controlled using the predicting of the system behaviour model in the future step, at each sampling prediction time. The performances of the developed control strategy are verified using Matlab/Simulink interface.
To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTA...ijtsrd
This project illustrates the execution of a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM by using a back propagation BP control algorithm for its capacities, such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. We use BP based control algorithm to obtain the critical dynamic weight estimate here. And the BP based control algorithm is often used for estimating the receptive power portions of the load streams necessary for estimating the reference source streams. Regulation of power efficiency devices through neural networks is the new area of study in the field of power engineering. The extraction of the harmonic components defines the output of the balancing instruments. Here we use DSTATCOM and UPFC as balancing instruments. A DSTATCOM model is developed using a computerized signal processor and its implementation is focused on various working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is found to be suitable for various kinds of burdens with the proposed control algorithm. The BP based control algorithm is used to derive the fundamental weighted value of the active and reactive power components of the load present. Back propagation algorithm trained by the sample will detect the power quality signal issue in real time. Continuity, differentiability, non decreasing momotomy are the key features of this algorithm. The process of UPFC is close to that of DSTATCOM, although the only difference is that it does not have the device shut down in worse circumstances. The simulation model is developed with ANFIS and its output is studied under different operating conditions. The output of ANFIS is found to be satisfactory with the proposed control algorithm for different types of loads. The suggested method shall be checked by the results of MATLAB Simulink. Rohit Mishra | Ashish Bhargava "To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTATCOM with ANN (Back Propagation Algorithm)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47521.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47521/to-study-analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-with-ann-back-propagation-algorithm/rohit-mishra
Modelling and Simulation of DC-Motor Electric Drive Control System with Varia...IDES Editor
This work represents a mathematical analysis and
simulation of dc-motor electric drive control system with
variable moment of inertia. A separately-excited dc motor is
used in this control system. A mathematical model for this
motor has been simulated and tested in Matlab/Simulink. A
closed-loop control system for this dc electric drive system is
proposed. The proposed control system is based on the
technical optimum method of design. The controlled variable
of this system is the load angular speed. In this control system
the moment of inertia is considered to be variable. It varies as
a function of time. A speed controller and a current controller
are designed for the suggested model to meet the desired
performance specifications by using the technical optimum
method. These controllers are attached to the control system
and the closed-loop response is observed by simulation and
testing this model. The results show the high-performance of
the designed control system.
Comparative Performance Study for Closed Loop Operation of an Adjustable Spee...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper an extensive comparative study is carried out between PI
and PID controlled closed loop model of an adjustable speed Permanent
Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive. The incorporation of Sinusoidal
Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) strategy establishes near sinusoidal
armature phase currents and comparatively less torque ripples without
sacrificing torque/weight ratio. In this closed loop model of PMSM drive, the
information about reference speed is provided to a speed controller, to ensure
that actual drive speed tracks the reference speed with ideally zero steady
state speed error. The entire model of PMSM closed loop drive is divided
into two loops, inner loop current and outer loop speed. By taking the
different combinations of two classical controllers (PI & PID) related with
two loop control structure, different approximations are carried out. Hence a
typical comparative study is introduced to familiar with the different
performance indices of the system corresponding to time domain and
frequency domain specifications. Therefore overall performance of closed
loop PMSM drive is tested and effectiveness of controllers will be
determined for different combinations.
Voltage profile Improvement Using Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOMINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a regulating device used in AC transmission systems as a source or a sink of reactive power. The most widely utilization of the STATCOM is in enhancing the voltage stability of the transmission line. A voltage regulator is a FACTs device used to adjust the voltage disturbance by injecting a controllable voltage into the system. This paper implement Nruro-Fuzzy controller to control the STATCOM to improve the voltage profile of the power network. The controller has been simulated for some kinds of disturbances and the results show improvements in voltage profile of the system. The performance of STATCOM with its controller was very close within 98% of the nominal value of the busbar voltage.
Transient Stability Evaluation of the Power Generation under a Blackout Condi...theijes
An operational condition of a power system is able to affect to stability performances after disturbed by a certain fault on the interconnection system. Moreover, this fault also gives impact to the blackout situation created by a large disturbance as disconnecting back bone lines of the interconnection system. In detail, this case is presented in this paper for evaluating transient stability performances of generating units while producing energy for the load center online the power system operation with the blackout situation designed using a branch tripping method. Furthermore, the transient stability responses are subjected to the power generation of the electric power system in Malang Raya as a real system operation for interacting the generating and demand sites. Results obtained show that voltage changes of Wlingi power station is 0.944 pu to 0.946 pu and its overshoot is 0,962. But the other overshoot of the power generation in Sutami remained to 0.968 pu at 0.5 second after appearing a blackout fault and its voltage increase to 0.952 pu from 0.948 pu at the final stable position.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Computer Simulation of PMSM Motor with Five Phase Inverter Control using Sign...IJECEIAES
The signal processing techniques and computer simulation play an important role in the fault diagnosis and tolerance of all types of machines in the first step of design. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and five phase inverter with sine wave pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategy is developed. The PMSM speed is controlled by vector control. In this work, a fault tolerant control (FTC) system in the PMSM using wavelet switching is introduced. The feature extraction property of wavelet analysis used the error as obtained by the wavelet de-noised signal as input to the mechanism unit to decide the healthy system. The diagnosis algorithm, which depends on both wavelet and vector control to generate PWM as current based manage any parameter variation. An open-end phase PMSM has a larger range of speed regulation than normal PMSM. Simulation results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the switching strategy.
Using HBCC System Power Factor Correction of Three Phase PWM AC Chopper Fed I...Chaitra Panat
In this presentation, Power Factor is corrected using a special technique which is nothing but a Hysteresis Band Current Control method. Smooth starting as well as speed control of induction motor drive system is also possible.
Enhancing Power Quality in Transmission System Using Fc-TcrIJMER
FACTS methodology is totally based on power electronics devices which are used to increase the transmission capability. To make the power system flexible, FACTS technology is used to attain entire control of power system i.e. transmission, distribution and generation. This paper is mainly concerned about the significance of Fixed Capacitor Thyristor Control Reactor (FC-TCR) acquiring automatic power and steady state voltage stability with the help of fuzzy logic controller. In transmission systems, the fuzzy rules are set to generate the required firing angle of FC-TCR to maintain a flat profile of steady state voltage and stability. The fundamental model is simulated in MATLAB along with the fuzzy logic control strategy. The results obtained are trust worthy and it can be used for controlling the voltage and reactive power in any electrical transmission system.
Improved predictive current model control based on adaptive PR controller for...IJECEIAES
This paper investigates an improved current predictive model control (PCMC) strategy with a prediction horizon of one sampling time for voltage regulation in standalone system based on diesel engine driven fixed speed synchronous generator. An adaptive PR controller with anti-windup scheme is employed to achieve high performance regulation without saturation issues. In addition, new method to obtain the optimal parameters of the adaptive PR controller to achieve high performance during the transition and in steady state, is provided. Furthermore, to balance the power at the point of common coupling (PCC), as well as, to fulfilling a clean power to the connected loads, a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with LRC filter is controlled using the developed improved PCMC strategy. The output filter current is controlled using the predicting of the system behaviour model in the future step, at each sampling prediction time. The performances of the developed control strategy are verified using Matlab/Simulink interface.
To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTA...ijtsrd
This project illustrates the execution of a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM by using a back propagation BP control algorithm for its capacities, such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. We use BP based control algorithm to obtain the critical dynamic weight estimate here. And the BP based control algorithm is often used for estimating the receptive power portions of the load streams necessary for estimating the reference source streams. Regulation of power efficiency devices through neural networks is the new area of study in the field of power engineering. The extraction of the harmonic components defines the output of the balancing instruments. Here we use DSTATCOM and UPFC as balancing instruments. A DSTATCOM model is developed using a computerized signal processor and its implementation is focused on various working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is found to be suitable for various kinds of burdens with the proposed control algorithm. The BP based control algorithm is used to derive the fundamental weighted value of the active and reactive power components of the load present. Back propagation algorithm trained by the sample will detect the power quality signal issue in real time. Continuity, differentiability, non decreasing momotomy are the key features of this algorithm. The process of UPFC is close to that of DSTATCOM, although the only difference is that it does not have the device shut down in worse circumstances. The simulation model is developed with ANFIS and its output is studied under different operating conditions. The output of ANFIS is found to be satisfactory with the proposed control algorithm for different types of loads. The suggested method shall be checked by the results of MATLAB Simulink. Rohit Mishra | Ashish Bhargava "To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTATCOM with ANN (Back Propagation Algorithm)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47521.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47521/to-study-analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-with-ann-back-propagation-algorithm/rohit-mishra
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Hybrid Control Scheme for Fault Ride-Through Capability using Line-Side Con...Suganthi Thangaraj
As the wind power installations are increasing in number, Wind Turbine Generators (WTG) are required to have Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capabilities. Lately developed grid operating codes demand the WTGs to stay connected during fault conditions, supporting the grid to recover faster back to its normal state. In this paper, the generator side converter incorporates the maximum power point tracking algorithm to extract maximum energy from wind turbine system. A hybrid control scheme for energy storage systems (ESS) and braking choppers for fault ride-through capability and a suppression of the output power fluctuation is proposed for permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine systems. During grid faults, the dc-link voltage is controlled by the ESS instead of the line-side converter (LSC), whereas the LSC is exploited as a STATCOM to inject reactive current into the grid for assisting in the grid voltage recovery. A simple model of the proposed system is developed and simulated in MATLAB environment. The effectiveness of the system is validated through extensive simulation results
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Induction motor harmonic reduction using space vector modulation algorithmjournalBEEI
The vector control was proposed as an alternative to the scalar control for AC machines control. Vector control provide high operation performance in steady state and transient operation. However, the variable switching frequency of vector control causes high flux and torque ripples which lead to an acoustical noise and degrade the performance of the control scheme. The insertion of the space vector modulation was a very useful solution to reduce the high ripples level inspite of its complexity. Numerical simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink show the good dynamic performance of the proposed vector control technique and the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless strategy in the presence of the sudden load torque basing on the integral backstepping approach capabilities on instant perturbation rejection.
Keywords
This paper presents a novel hybrid control of a BLDC motor using a mixed sliding mode and fuzzy logic controller. The objective is to build a fast and robust controller which overcome classical controllers’ inconveniences and exploit the fast response of brushless dc motors characterized by an intense torque and fast response time. First the paper study pros and cons of both sliding mode and fuzzy logic controllers. Then the novel controller and its stability demonstration are presented. Finally the proposed controller method is used for the speed control of a BLDC motor 3KW. The obtained results are compared with those of a fuzzy logic and a conventional sliding mode controller. It allows to show performance of the proposed controller in terms of speed response and reaction against disturbances, which is improved more than 5 times without losing stability or altering tracking accuracy
Micro-Turbine Generation Control System Optimization Using Evolutionary algor...IJERA Editor
Distribution systems management is becoming an increasingly complicated issue due to the introduction of new technologies, new energy trading strategies, and new deregulated environment. In the new deregulated energy market and considering the incentives coming from the technical and economical fields, it is reasonable to consider Distributed Generation (DG) as a viable option to solve the lacking electric power supply problem. This paper presents a mathematical distribution system planning model considering three planning options to system expansion and to meet the load growth requirements with a reasonable price as well as the system power quality problems. DG is introduced as an attractive planning option in competition with voltage regulator devices and Interruptible load. This paper presents a dynamic modelling and simulation of a high speed single shaft micro-turbine generation (MTG) system for grid connected operation and shows genetic algorithm (GA) role in improvement of control system operation. The model is developed with the consideration of the main parts including: compressor-turbine, permanent magnet (PM) generator, three phase bridge rectifier and inverter. The simulation results show the capability of Genetic Algorithm for controlling MTG system. The model is developed in Mat lab / Simulink.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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A Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
1. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 6, Issue 5 (Jul. - Aug. 2013), PP 58-67
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 58 | Page
A Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage
Power Plant
S. M. Hassan Hosseini1
, M. R. Semsar2
,S. E. Afjei3
1
(Departmentof Electrical Engineering,Islamic Azad University,South Tehran Branch,Tehran, Iran)
2
(Department of Electrical Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
3
(Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran)
Abstract: Despite the advantages of variable Speed pumped storage power plant (PSP) included, as following
statements: increasment of optimum efficiency in production mode and consumption mode, high speed for grid’s
requirements response in critical moments (such as: disturbances, black out,…); it’s necessary, to achieve these
benefits easily by energy storage practices. Now Doubly Fed Asynchronous Machine (DFAM) technology by
means of modern equipment (MLVSC, Cycloconvertor) and employment of them is considered to achieve
mentioned purposes, synchronous machines instead in PSP units. In this paper, technical comparison between
the several kinds of PSP’s drives methods is presented; also a PSP’s unit is modeled (as electric, hydraulic,
mechanic& control system) and simulated by Direct Torque Control (DTC) technique and TwoLevelVSC
equipment, as novelty.Application of TwoLevelVSC and DTC method togethercaused to increase very high
dynamic response of PSP in uninterrupted operationthe whole of times.The results of paper in Generation mode,
express to increase efficiency in one unit of 4×250MW PSP that justifiesvariable SpeedPSP application. The
simulations performed by Matlab software.
Keywords: Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant (PSP), Direct Torque Control (DTC), Doubly Fed
Asynchronous Machine (DAFM),Two-Level Voltage Source Converter (VSC).
I. Introduction
The novelty of variable speed machines (DFAM)1
application has been introduced in the 1960s and
1970s immediately; after development of construction in the Pumped storage power plants in the world wide
[1]. There are more than ten methods for driving and Starting DFAM. Some of these methods include: SFC2
be
side of one synchronous Machine, BrushlessDoubly-FedInduction Machine, DFAM with oneCycloconvertor
and DFAM with Back-Back VSC (MLVSC)3
among which MLVSC method, applied with two types as follow,
Two-LVSC and Three-LVSC. By introduction of DTC method in the 1980s by I. Takahashi and T. Noguchi,
Field Orientated Control (FOC) old method, instead with the twofold objective of simplifying the control
algorithms and achieving similar or even better performances [2], [3] for driving DFAM.
In this paper, first introduced and evaluated the whole of applied control methods of DFAM in
considering to technical points then employed simulations and model of DFAM’s DTC with 2LVSC in a
VSPSP’s generator mode according to case study of 4× 250MW of SiahBisheh PSP by MATLAB Software, as
novelty strategy, finally.
II. Control methods of DFAM in PSP
Three important methods include: SFC side by side of synchronous machines, BDFIM
andCycloconvertoror Inverters with DFAM, have been described as bellow:
A. SFC equipment side by side of synchronous machines:
In this method, the benefits include: 1. the availability of Equipment related to SFC’s building (grid
side rectifier; harmonic eliminator inductor; machine (rotor) side alternator); 2. Prevent from inverse power flow
inside generator, from grid; 3.Fast variations of load response; 4.Easy synchronized generator to grid where
GOVERNOR application is inconclusive because of speed control. Soft starting and connection synchronous
PSP to grid in pump mode and prevent from severe voltage dropping and inrush currents in condenser &
motorized modes, are objectives of SFC equipment application. Fig. 1. Show the SFC equipment in a PSP.
1Doubly Fed Asynchronous Machines
2Static Frequency Converter
3Multilevel Voltage Source Converter
2. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
www.iosrjournals.org 59 | Page
Fig.1. SFC equipment in a PSP schematic
When the unit can be operated at the rated speed; SFC can be dismissed by suitable electrical switching
is improved stability, good electrical switching can be dismissed. Finally, it should be stated, although the
stabilization of system improved by SFC equipment but system stability does not have much value by one than
synchronous machines on the electrical network. Synchronous machines as stabilizers have effective&
economic performance [4], [5]. InFig.2. Although this method has a wider range of performance than the
method of poles changeable, but designing of the frequency converter as turbine’s nominal power is one of the
drawbacks of this method; because large volume and hence the high cost of installing these units. Today’s
application of DFAM technology rather than synchronous generators is one of the most efficient methods due to
Considerable reduction in frequency converter’s capacity, for solving the efficiency dropping problem in the
changing of the pumped performance in to the turbine mode and reduction and elimination of mentioned
restrictions.
B. BDFIM
In this suggested topology, in fact it is induction machine that stator section has two different kind of
winding (different poles) that On the one hand connected to power system directly and on the other hand to one
by frequency converter interface. Its rotor section is common. Then it has two different kind ofsynchronous
speed.Building diagram of BDFIM, are shown in Fig.2.
Fig.2. BDFIM building diagram
Therefore, maintenance costs will reduce significantly and increase reliability. So far, this method has
been employed in Wind power plant [6]. With advances in technology are expected to employ this one in the
structure of Pumped storage plants.
C. DFAM with Ac- Ac Convertors:
Cycloconvertor is direct decreasing frequency Convertor. The one equipment, employs SCR Thyristor
as switching element and included two 3phases unparalleled current poles, embedded each phase as positive and
negative ones.
By this instrument, DFAM’s rotor windings connected to grid. Hence, provided optimum speed
control on fourth modes (motor and generator modes in Sub synchronism or hyper synchronism) by means of
3. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
www.iosrjournals.org 60 | Page
regulating in SCR’s firing angles.in this method, stator windings connected to power system, directly. In Fig.3
DFAM with Cycloconvertor building diagram in contact on grid, are illustrated. Therefore, speed, active and
reactive power controlled by means of three phase Cycloconvertor’s control set. In addition 3phases current of
machine’s rotor winding provided by Slip energy recovery.
Fig.3 DFAM with Cycloconvertor building diagram
Despite of most Cycloconvertor’s advantages included, as follow: 1. to be make high reliability; 2. Low
maintenance cost; 3. Stability in transient, dynamic and steady state modes and … this equipment has many kind
of restrictions, due to its connection to system, directly. They are suggested bellow:
a. When disturbances happen in power system, Cycloconvertor performance limited similar to
other equipment (SFC, VSC).
b. Harmonic existence in out of convertor.
c. Effect on power system.
d. Effect of induction load on performance of ac controllers’ angle phase (Cycloconvertor).
D. DFAM with Back to Back Convertors (VSC):
The way of VSC’s Connection is likes to Cycloconvertor. There are rectifier and inverter in this
method. Very fast and without interruption performance caused to reduce their considerable volume than the
same of equipment. There are different kinds of switch, such as: 1. SCR; 2. IGBT4
;3.IGCT5
; 4. GTO6
; 5. IECT7
.
At high frequency application it is used mostly in MLVSC.Details of MLVSC’s structure in 3Level for a
Variable Speed PSP with capacity of2 × 320 MW are illustrated, in Fig.4 [7].
The benefits of MLVSC application than Cycloconvertor are as bellow:
a. Lower quantity of transformer and power electronic elements in inverter set than Cycloconvertor one.
b. To help voltage stability in grid; when disturbances (such as: SCC8
) happen due to higher Inverter’s
switching frequencies.
c. To apply as STATCOM9
and it produces reactive power in grid side.
Comparative evaluation on modern mentioned Driving methods with technical & economical considerations are
Fig.4. 3LVSC’s structure in a Variable Speed PSP with capacity of 2 × 320 MW
4
Insulated Gate bipolar Transistor
5
ThyristorInjection Gate- commuted
6
Gate Turn Off Thyristor
7
Injection Enhanced Gate Transistor
8
Short connection circuit
9
Static Compensator
4. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
www.iosrjournals.org 61 | Page
Illustrated in Table I. The suggested SFC equipment in this table has vast application in PSP now. This
is very best equipment with economic consideration than the other adjustable speed methods but be notice, the
other adjustable speed methods prefer from one due to both economic&technical consideration. Among of
driving methods, PWM-MLVSC topology is proposed because of very fast driving speed and uninterrupted
operation when happen a fault. Final method of this technique provides good dynamic response and quality of
steady state in terms of stator current distortion.This method hasn’t been applied in PSP, yet [8].
Table I
Technical and Economic Evaluation of Modern ControlStrategies in PSP
Driving
Methods
Efficiencies Equipment Type Primary
Costs
Reliability O&M
Costs
Driving
speed
More
Advantages
Synchronous
Machine
Drive
70% SFC
Average
Enough
Average Low Fast
Braking
Ability
DFAMDrive 80%
Cycloconvertor High High
very
Slight
Fast
Enough
Uninterrupted
Operation in
Voltage
Dropping
MLVSC
Very
High
High
Slight
Enough
very
Fast
Switching at
High Frequency
PWM-MLVSC VeryHigh High Slight
very
Fast
Uninterrupted
Operation in
SCC
III. DTC strategy in DFAM:
The DTC is based on a direct control of two magnitudes of the machine, i.e. the electromagnetic torque
and the rotor flux of the machine. This method is an alternative control solution for AC drives, ingeneral, that
present control principles and performance features, different fromvector control techniques, as shown in old
papers such as: FOC, FLC10
…. This control technique hasthe following general benefits: 1.Reliability; 2.Good
perturbation rejection; 3.fast dynamic response and so on [9]. Fig.5 shows Variable Speed PSP that controlled by
DTC. Torque and the rotor flux amplitude of DFAM employed as main parameters in this method. Hence, the
torque has a differentmanner affected by the rotor voltage vectors thus the operation conditions of the machine
and the position of the rotor and stator flux space vectors described in the rotor reference frame make them [10].
Fig.5. Hydraulic Turbine controlled by DTC
A. Model Equations of the DFAM:
In this section the model equations of the DFAM are presented. Since the DTC is based on a direct
control of the torque and flux rotor, it is necessary to deduce the relation between all the involved magnitudes to
know how they affect to the controlled variables. Hence, the voltage and flux equations in the stator and the rotor
reference frame are:
𝑣𝑠
𝑠
= 𝑅𝑠 𝑖 𝑠
𝑠
+
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
𝜑𝑠(1)
𝑣𝑟
𝑟
= 𝑅𝑟 𝑖 𝑟
𝑟
+
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
𝜑𝑟(2)
𝜑𝑠
𝑠
= 𝐿 𝑠 𝑖 𝑠
𝑠
+ 𝐿 𝑖 𝑟
𝑠
(3)
𝜑𝑟
𝑟
= 𝐿 𝑟 𝑖 𝑟
𝑟
+ 𝐿 𝑖 𝑠
𝑟
(4)
Thus, the torque can be calculated directly from the stator flux and rotor current as follows:
10
Fuzzy Logic Control
T.
T.
5. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
www.iosrjournals.org 62 | Page
𝑇𝑒𝑚 =
3
2
* 𝑝. 𝑝.
𝐿
𝜍∗𝐿 𝑠∗𝐿 𝑟
|𝜑𝑠||𝜑𝑟| 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝛿 (5)
Where 𝑖 𝑟
𝑠
, 𝑖 𝑠
𝑟
, 𝑖 𝑟
𝑟
, 𝑣𝑟
𝑟
, 𝑣𝑠
𝑠
,𝑖 𝑠
𝑠
,𝐿 𝑟,𝐿 𝑠in order are rotor current vector in stator side, stator current vector in
rotor side, Rotor current vector, Rotor voltage vector, Stator voltage vector, Stator current vector, Rotor self-
inductance andStator self-inductance; in continuous,𝐿 , 𝜍, 𝑃. 𝑃., 𝑅𝑠, 𝑅𝑟, 𝑇𝑒𝑚 , 𝜑𝑟 , 𝜑𝑠 are Mutual-inductance,
Leakage coefficient, Pair of poles, Stator resistance, Rotor resistance, Total electromagnetic torque, Rotor flux
linkage vector, Stator flux linkage vector, Respectively. Also, δ is the angle between the stator and the rotor flux
space vectors. The voltage dropped in the stator resistance has been neglected. Hence, the last equation show
that the torque can be controlled by modifying the relative angle between the rotor and stator flux space vectors
and their amplitudes. In the following section, the effect of the stator and rotor voltages on the fluxes will be
analyzed by Fig.6 in D&Q axis [10].
Fig.6. Effect of voltage vectors on regulation of torque and flux amplitude
B. Effect of Voltage Vectors on DTC:
In the study of the space vector diagram, it seeks to create a circular trajectory of the rotor flux space
vector, as depicted in Fig. 6. By injecting the available rotor voltage vectors, the amplitude of the rotor flux
space vector and its movement are controlled, in order to locate it to a specific distance from the stator flux
space vector. Thus, with this simple control strategy, it is possible to modify the electromagnetic torque of the
machine according to (5) [8]. Considering to Fig.7, space distances are 60°, called sector, in 2L_VSC
Fig.7. Flux space vectors in the rotor reference frame, in generator mode
When the speed of the machine is higher than the synchronous speed, as the space vectors rotate
clockwise, the effect of the zero vectors on the electromagnetic torque for example, is the opposite at lower
speeds than the synchronous speed. The corresponding space vector representation of the fluxes in the rotor
reference frame is illustrated in Fig. 7 [9].
The block diagram of the proposed control strategy is shown in Fig. 5. As mentioned before, the
directly controlled variables are the torque and rotor flux. Fig. 5 shows that the control strategy is divided into
five different tasks represented in seven different blocks. The tasks carried out in blocks 1–5 are the DTC
principles formulated in [11] and are estimable according to equations (1)-(5) [12].
From the torque and rotor flux references, the control strategy calculates the pulses (Sa, Sb, and Sc) for
the insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) of the two-level voltage converter; More Details in this field and
also, about total of DTFC strategy expressed in [11], [8], [9].
There is Table of 2LVSC’S switching considering torque& flux errors and rotor flux sectors described
about DTC technology inTable II.
6. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
www.iosrjournals.org 63 | Page
Table II
Table of 2LVSC’S switching in DTC Technology
IV. Hydraulic Model of Variable Speed PSP
Hydraulic parts of these Plants are illustrated in Fig.11 [13], [14] as follow:
A. Penstock Model:
The Penstock is modeled by the following basic equations considering non-elastic water column.
These equation Related to water’s speed in Penstock, gravity influenced acceleration of water and power
generation inside the turbine:
(𝐻0 − 𝐻 − 𝐻𝑓)𝜌𝑔𝐴 = 𝜌𝐴𝑙(10)
𝐻𝑓 = 𝑓 ×
𝑳
𝑫
×
𝑼 𝟐
𝟐𝒈
= 𝑓𝑝 × 𝑄2
(11)
𝑓𝑝 =
𝑳
𝑫
×
𝒇
𝟐𝒈
×
𝟏
𝑨 𝟐(12)
Water’s initial time, required time during for water in 𝐻𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 (head) that one arrive at 𝑈𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 (speed)
from static mode in the Penstock. This is as bellow:
𝑇𝑤 =
𝐿𝑄 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝐻 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑔𝐴
×
𝐿𝑈 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝐻 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑔
(13)
B. Surge Tank Model:
Elasticity of channel wall causes traveling waves as pressure and flow in water; it is generally
recognized Water Hammer or Ram Impact. In fact, Water hammer is the sudden change in rate of water flow
when pressure regulation inside water accomplishes in higher and lower margin than normal margin of pressure.
It is two necessary numbers of problems to be caused Ram Impact in power plant’s channel, as follow: 1.To
open and close Plant’s input valves; 2. Regulation of Guide van’s openness. Surge Tank making is to overcome
the damaging effects of water hammer in Hydroelectric Plants.
In a rigid system, the period of surge tank’s oscillation is calculated as follows (𝐻𝑓 neglected):
𝑇𝑠𝑡 = 2𝜋
𝑙𝐴 𝑠
𝑔𝐴
(14)
𝐶𝑠 =
𝐴 𝑠 𝐻 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝑄 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
(15)
C. Turbine Model:
Output power of turbine is expressed as bellow:
𝑃𝑚 = 𝜂𝑄𝜌𝑔𝐻 (16)
It is important to produce effective current in output power, non-load current (𝑄 𝑛𝑙 ) subtracted by main
current (Q) in actual condition considering losses existence. Considering turbine damping due to turbine vans’
openness (G) and rotor speed changes is importance, too.
𝑃𝑚 = 𝐴𝑡 𝐻 𝑄 − 𝑄 𝑛𝑙 − 𝐷𝑛 𝐺Δ𝜔 (17)
Current rate of turbine is expressed as bellow:
𝑄 = 𝐺 𝐻 (18)
Plant’s hydraulic parts Model is shown in Fig.12 [15] for non-elastic& elastic water column.
HT 1 0 -1
H𝝋 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
Rotor
Flux
Sectors
1 V6 V5 V7 V0 V2 V3
2 V1 V6 V0 V7 V3 V4
3 V2 V1 V7 V0 V4 V5
4 V3 V2 V0 V7 V5 V6
5 V4 V3 V7 V0 V6 V1
6 V5 V4 V0 V7 V1 V2
7. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
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Fig.11 Variable Speed PSP’s Hydraulic parts
Fig.12 Plant’s hydraulic parts Model
V. Case Study
The Siahbisheh PSP situated between Karaj Chaloos, and the neighboring Siahbisheh village, in north
of Iran [15]. These plants have 4 synchronous units with capacity of 250MW. In this paper, one of plant’s units
analyzed and simulated as DFAM considering proposed strategy by replaced synchronous one. Important
parameters about it illustrated in Tables as bellow:
Table III
Turbine and HydraulicCharacteristics of Siahbisheh PSP
Turbine Characteristics
Speed
(rpm)
Non_Load
Debbi
( 𝒎 𝟑
𝒔)
Nominal
Height (m)
Nominal
Power
(MW)
Nominal
Debbi
( 𝒎 𝟑
𝒔)
500 8 476.17 260.35 59.49
8. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
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Hydraulic Characteristics
Part Type
Length
(m)
Diameter
(m)
Nominal
Current
( 𝒎 𝟑
𝒔)
Speed
( 𝒎
𝒔)
Friction
Factor
Right
Water
ways
Metal 882 5 130 6.62 0.008
Concrete 1926 5.6 130 5.09 0.012
LeftWa
terways
Metal 902 5 130 6.62 0.008
Concrete 1969 5.6 130 5.09 0.012
Table IVConvertor&TransformerCharacteristics
Frequency
(HZ)
Transformer
Connection
Output
Voltage
(KV)
Input
Voltage
(KV)
Capacity
(MVA)
50 Yy0 3 18 26.17
Table VApplicable DFAM Characteristics inSiahbisheh PSP
Mutual
Reactance
(Pu)
Rotor
Reactance
(Pu)
Rotor
Resistor
(Pu)
Stator
Reactance
(Pu)
Rotor
Resistor
(Pu)
Pair
Poles
Rotor
Voltage
(KV)
Stator
Voltage
(KV)
Active
Power
(MW)
Apparent
power
(MVA)
0.5 0.101 0.01453 0.1 0.01393 6 3 18 250 306
A. Simulation Results:
The simulation results are presented for the studied strategy in generating mode (by DTC Technology
with 2LVSC) by means of MATLAB software for SiahBisheh PSP considering tables of case research. The
Figures show that changes in Electromagnetic Torque, Rotor Flux, Stator voltage& current, Rotor current and
Rotor Flux position. The new reference torque is reached very fast in less than 0.1s rather than proposed strategy
in [14] because the torque is controlled by the electrical system, as shown in Fig. 13 while rotor flux is constant;
In Fig.15 amplitude of rotor current is lower than stator current in 075 s. amplitude of voltage stator has stayed
constant the whole of times, illustrated in Fig 17.
Fig.13 Electromagnetic Torque in DTC Fig.14Rotor Flux in DTC
Fig.15Rotor Current in DTC Fig.16Stator Current in DTC
Fig.17Stator Voltage in DTC Fig.18Stator Active Power in DTC
9. In The Name Of AllahA Novel Control Method Of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Plant
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In figures 18&19, stator active power increased 30%, approximately and stator reactive power decreased the
same quantity, too; therefore, the fly wheeling effects of DFAM’s rotor presented.
Fig.19Stator Reactive Power in DTC
Regulation of rotor flux position and rotor speed are depicted in order figures 20 and 21.
Fig.20Rotor Speed in DTC
Fig.21 Rotor Flux Position in DTC
VI. Conclusion
In this paper, technical evaluation& comparison between the whole of PSP’s drives methods performed.
Investigation results show although, primary costs of Variable Speed PSP is more expensive than PSP but also,
the VSPSP has more efficiency than PSP that it’s 10% approximately. Among of drive& control topologies for
PSP, DTC with 2LVSC is proposed. By this topology, despite of correction and elimination the some of the other
equipment’s restrictions, provided to increase dynamic response, uninterrupted operation when happen a fault and
separate and optimum control between active &reactive power achieved. No need to reactive power compensator
in grid side is one of the other Variable SpeedPSP’s benefits, too.
The behavior of a Variable SpeedPSP’s unit of 4×250 MW, including hydraulic, electro-mechanical
and control systems has been simulated in generating mode. It is show that the strategy based on generator
power control provides all of mentioned advantages, such as: extremely high dynamic performances in
fullcompatibility with safety requirements. Indeed, a 30% activepower change can be achieved in 0.1s by
proposed strategy, due to the flywheel effect. Also, efficiency in generation mode has incraesed.
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