Dryopithecus, which lived 16-7 million years ago in Europe and Asia, was an early ape-like ancestor of humans. Ramapithecus, which became extinct 7 million years ago, displayed both ape-like and early human-like features such as smaller canines and larger molars. Australopithecus africanus, dating to 4-5 million years ago in South Africa, showed evidence of bipedal locomotion and living both in trees and on the ground. Homo habilis, from 2 million years ago in Africa, used tools and is believed to have lived in family groups and cared for young. Homo erectus, dating to 1.7 million

1. HUMAN EVOLUTION
By: Kuljit kaur
Lecturer
Kanya Maha Vidyalaya
(Kuljitk03@gmail.com)

2. Dryopithecus
• Fossils found in Europe
and Asia and dated to
about 16-7 million years
ago.
• Dryopithecus :
1. Chimpanzees
2. Gorrilas
3. Early hominids

3. Ramapithecus
• Became extinct 7 million
years ago.
• Was ape like primate but
its jaw bones and teeth
were human like.
• Small canines and large
molars- ate hard nuts and
seeds.
• Lived on trees but
travelled and ate on
ground.

4. Australopithecus africanus
• Called as Ape man .
• Fossil record- 4-5
million years ago in
South africa.
• The angle of pelvic
bones and fossils
indicate that they left
the forests.
• Had ape and human
features.

5. • Bipedal locomotion
• Omnivorous
• Erect or semi erect posture
• Lived in cages
• Used pebbels and bones as tools
• Protuding face and lack of chin
• Low brain capacity (350-450cm3)
• Teeth and jaws larger than modern man.

6. Homo habilis
• Lived in Africa 2
million years ago.
• More man like
• Led community life
• Cared for young ones
• Used tools of chipped
stones
• Brain capacity – 750
cm3

7. Homo erectus
• The erect man
• 1.7 million years ago
• Co existed for a time with H.habilis
as well as Homo sapiens
• Fossil evidence of cooperation,
social organization,use of more
elaborate tools and use of fire
• Erect posture
• Protruding jaw, protruding brow
ridges and larger teeth
• Brain capacity- 800-1200 cm3
• Made tools out of bones and stones
• Lived in families

8. Homo sapiens neanderthalensis
• The neanderthal man
• Found in Neander valley
• 100,000-40,000 years ago
• Stronger than modern man
• Strong shoulders, arms, pwerful
hands
• Cranial capacity- 1300-1600 cm3
• Flat cranium, heavy brow ridges,
strong mandibles
• Made tools, skilled hunters,used
animal hides as clothes
• Lived with families and burned the
dead

9. Homo sapiens fossilis
• Less hairy body
• Cranial capacity- 1650 cm3
• Large skull
• Strong jaws
• Broad flat face
• Narrow elevated nose
• Prominent chin
• Used sophisticated tools

10. Homo sapiens sapiens
• Appeared 25,000 years
ago
• Superior brain power
but inferior body power
• Intelligence covered for
feeble sight and powers
of hearing and smell