The document describes the major human body systems and their functions. It discusses 11 systems: integumentary, cardiovascular, circulatory, lymphatic, urinary, endocrine, nervous, reproductive, digestive, respiratory, and musculoskeletal. Each system is summarized in 1-2 sentences explaining its main components and role in the body.

1. Human Body Systems
& Functions
Profa.Juliris Navarro
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2. Integumentary System
 THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM IS THE SKIN.
Is regulates body temperature,
acts as a sensory receptor to
internal and external stimuli,
excretes waste from the body
trough sweat, and absorbs
vitamin D and calcium from
sunlight to nourish the body.
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3. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
 The heart and circulatory system
(blood vessels, including arteries,
veins and capillaries) make up the
cardiovascular system.
 It delivers blood to all the body’s
tissues, carrying nutrients and oxygen
to every cell within the body and
removing waste products ( such as
carbon dioxide).
 Oxygen rich blood is carried to the
parts of the body through the arteries.
 The veins carry blood back to the
heart.
 The Pulmonary Vein carries blood to
the lungs where carbon dioxide is
exchanged for oxygen. - COPYRIGHT
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4. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 The circulatory system is
composed of the heart and the
blood vessels and provides
cells within the body with
nutrients (via blood).
 Pulmonary circulation is the
loop from the heart to the
lungs and back again.
 While System Circulation
(what we usually think of as
our circulatory system) sends
blood from the heart to all the
other parts of our bodies and
back again.
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5. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
 The lymphatic system works
with the circulatory system to
distribute fluids and nutrients
throughout the body, and rids
the body of unnecessary
substances through a clear to
yellow fluid referred to as
“lymph” which contains white
blood cells, proteins and fats.
 It also aids the immune system
in removing and destroying
waste, debris, dead blood
cells, pathogens, toxins, and
cancer cells, and drains
excess fluids and protein to
prevent edema.
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6. LYMPHATIC NODES
 The role of the lymph
nodes is to filter
lymph before it can
return to the
circulatory system.
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7. URINARY SYSTEM
 The urinary system or
urinary tract includes the
urethra, the bladder, two
ureters, and two kidneys.
 It is the system that
produces, stores, and
eliminates urine.
 The male and female
urinary system only
differs in the length of the
urethra.
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8. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
 This is a system of glands that
produce and secrete
hormones.
 Hormones regulate the body’s
growth, metabolism, sexual
development, and function.
 The major glands that make up
the endocrine system are the
thyroid, parathyroid glands,
pituitary, hypothalamus,
adrenal glands, pineal body
and reproductive glands
( ovaries and testes).
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9. NERVOUS SYSTEM
 This is a complex system
consisting of the central
nervous system (CNS) and the
peripheral nervous system
(PNS) that regulates and
coordinates body activities.
 It sends and receives
information via electrical
signals carried by the nerves
and interprets that information
in the brain.
 The CNS is mad up of the
brain and spinal cord.
 The PNS is made up of our
nerves, sense organs (eyes,
ears, etc.) and other neural
elements ( receptors in
muscles, skin, joints, etc.).
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10. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
 This is the system by which
both male and female humans
reproduce.
 It is sometimes called the
genital system as it is made up
of the organs in the pelvic
region that contribute toward
the reproductive process.
 The organs of the female
reproductive system include
the ovaries, fallopian tubes,
uterus, vagina, and mammary
glands.
 The male reproductive system
includes the testes, scrotum,
penis, vas deferens and
prostate.
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11. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
 The male
reproductive system
includes the testes,
scrotum, penis, vas
deferens and
prostate.
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12. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 The main organs of the
digestive system consist
of the mouth, tongue,
salivary glands, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large
intestine (colon), rectum,
anus, pancreas, liver, and
gallbladder.
 This system is
responsible for ingesting
and digesting food,
absorbing nutrients, and
eliminating waste.
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13. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 This system is responsible for
delivering oxygenated blood to
al parts of the body.
 Through breathing, the body
inhales oxygen and exhales
carbon dioxide, warms and
moisturizes the air, and filters
debris.
 The main organs of the
respiratory system include the
pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity,
oral cavity, trachea, lungs,
bronchus, bronchioles, and
alveoli.
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14. MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
 This is the system that gives the human body form and stability
and enables movement. It consist of bones, muscles,
tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, and other connective
tissue.
 Connective tissue assists in the support function of this system
and is made of elastic fibers and collagen, a protein
substance.
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15. SPINE ( Vertebral Column)
 Strong, flexible group of
bones which provides
structure for the upper body.
 It encloses and protects the
spinal cord, supports the
head, and serves as an
attachment for ribs.
(Also known as Spinal Column)
Five regions of the spine:
1. Cervical
2. Thoracic
3. Lumbar
4. Sacral
5. Coccygeal (coccyx)
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16. CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
 Uppermost part of the
spine. C1 –C7
(neck bones)
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17. THORACIC VERTEBRAE
 This is the mid- section of
the spine (mid back), and
makes up the largest part
of the spinal column.
 Found below the
Cervical, and above the
Lumbar regions.
 T1 – T12 Articulate with
(attach to) the 12 pairs of
ribs.
(Formerly known as Dorsal Spine)
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18. LUMBAR VERTEBRAE
 Below the thoracic spine.
 L1 – L5
 Strongest and larges of spinal
bones. (lower back, small of
back)
 The load of body weight is
increased at the lower end of
spine, therefore it is a common
place for backaches, injury and
pathology.
 This is the area where the
sciatic nerve lies ( the large
nerve that branches down into
the legs) and pain in this
region (sciatica) can radiate
from the back all the way down
to the foot.
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19. REFERENCES
 MOSBY’S DICTIONARY of Medicine, Nursing & Health
Professions 9th Edition
 http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=ii
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