Systems of the Human Body

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Systems of the Human Body

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Cells work together to form tissues
Tissues work together to form organs
Organs work together to form organ systems
Levels of Organization

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There are 10 organ systems in the Human Body:
– Circulatory
– Respiratory
– Skeletal
– Muscular
– Digestive
– Excretory
– Reproductive
– Integumentary
– Nervous
– Endocrine
These organ systems are woven together such
that one cannot work without the other.
Mnemonic :

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Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Circulatory System
– contains the heart and all the blood vessels
– Responsible for movement of blood, nutrients,
and gases
– Heart pumps blood to lungs to receive oxygen
and then to the rest of the body
Respiratory System
– Responsible for bringing in oxygen and
ridding our bodies of carbon dioxide
– Lungs, diaphragm, and windpipe
– Oxygenates our entire body
teachpe.com
hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

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Skeletal System
• The skeletal system is the
internal support and
movement system
Includes bones, cartilage, teeth,
joints and ligaments.
• About 206 bones in the Human Body

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Skeletal System
• 5 major functions:
– Protection – protects vital organs
– Storage – stores minerals (Calcium) and fat
– Movement – muscles pull bones to move -
Limbs act as rigid levers against which
muscles can work
– Blood Cell Formation – make blood cells
– Support – shape and form –
supports the body against gravity

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Skeletal System

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Skeletal System
Types of joints
• Sliding joint – bones glide over each
other (Example: hand)

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Skeletal System
Types of joints
• Ball and socket joint – like a joystick in a
computer game (Example: shoulder)

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Skeletal System
Types of joints
• Hinge joint – like a door hinge, flex and
extend (Example: knee)

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Sliding Joint
3 types of joints
Ball and socket joint
like a joystick in a
computer game
(Example: shoulder)
Sliding joint
bones glide over each
other
(Example: hand)
Hinge joint
like a door hinge, flex
and extend
(Example: knee)

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Muscular System
The muscular system works with the skeletal system
to provide movement.
• Voluntary – muscles move under your control
– Example: skeletal muscles, bicep, quadriceps
• Involuntary – muscles that move without you
controlling them
– Example: smooth and cardiac, and sometimes
skeletal (eyes blinking)

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Tendons – connect muscles to bones

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Ligaments – connect bone to bone

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Muscle
Types
Location in the body: Location in the body: Location in the body:
Smooth Cardiac Skeletal
only in digestive tract
& blood vessel walls
only in the heart muscle attached
to the bones

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Integumentary System
• Includes your hair, nails, and skin
• Largest organ system in your body
• Your body’s first line of defense

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• Skin
– keeps fluids in your body and foreign
particles out
– nerves are in your skin to help you feel
– Regulates your body temperature with the help of sweat
glands
– Melanin – absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun
• Epidermis – top layer of skin, most cells are dead,
about as thin as 2 sheets of notebook paper
• Dermis – under epidermis, allows skin to bend without
tearing

• Hair and Nails
- Hair gets its color from the melanin
- Hair roots and nail beds have new cells,
but your hair hanging off your head and
your nails are all dead cells,
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YUCK!

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And the rest of them…
• Excretory System - release of wastes and regulates
bodily fluids
• Reproductive System
– Male: produces and delivers sperm
– Female: produces eggs and shelters unborn baby
• Nervous System – receives and sends electrical
messages throughout the body
• Digestive System – breaks down the food you eat into
nutrients for your body
• Endocrine System – regulate body functions by
sending chemical messages
http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/digest_noSW.html

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Forces with our body
• Motion and Forces are acting all around us.
They are also acting in us.
– Example: When the heart pumps it exerts a force
which pushed blood throughout the body
– Example: Blood Pressure is measured by the
force exerted on the walls of blood vessels by
blood pushing on them

Systems of the Human Body

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