There are moments in life when we introspect and ask some basic questions to ourselves: The book "How Will You Measure Your Life?" provides incredible solutions to basic problems of our life.Read the book summary prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
"On the last day of class, I ask my students to turn those theoretical lenses on themselves, to find cogent answers to three questions: First, how can I be sure that I’ll be happy in my career? Second, how can I be sure that my relationships with my spouse and my family become an enduring source of happiness? Third, how can I be sure I’ll stay out of jail?" Clayton M. Christensen
Check out HubSpot's A to Z list of classic and modern business books to get back to business basics while simultaneously staying up to date on the latest trends.
The lecture on Value Proposition Canvas Part A explains why the concept is of so much importance especially to first time entrepreneurs.
Startups sustainability requires in-depth understanding of the target customers. Failing at this stage will have costly repercussions for the entrepreneur and his business.
Part A discuss the Value Proposition Canvas definition, value proposition examples, and how Value Proposition Canvas is different than Business Slogans.
Studying Simon Sinek: Start With the Golden CircleChiara Ojeda
Most of us communicate from the outside in, but author Simon Sinek believes true inspiration comes when we start with why. This brief introduction to The Golden Circle is a teaching tool used in class.
Here are a few tips on selling from David Ogilvy and other experts. Can you sell?
Enter the Search for the World's Greatest Salesperson. Deadline May 16, 2010 at youtube.com/ogilvy
"On the last day of class, I ask my students to turn those theoretical lenses on themselves, to find cogent answers to three questions: First, how can I be sure that I’ll be happy in my career? Second, how can I be sure that my relationships with my spouse and my family become an enduring source of happiness? Third, how can I be sure I’ll stay out of jail?" Clayton M. Christensen
Check out HubSpot's A to Z list of classic and modern business books to get back to business basics while simultaneously staying up to date on the latest trends.
The lecture on Value Proposition Canvas Part A explains why the concept is of so much importance especially to first time entrepreneurs.
Startups sustainability requires in-depth understanding of the target customers. Failing at this stage will have costly repercussions for the entrepreneur and his business.
Part A discuss the Value Proposition Canvas definition, value proposition examples, and how Value Proposition Canvas is different than Business Slogans.
Studying Simon Sinek: Start With the Golden CircleChiara Ojeda
Most of us communicate from the outside in, but author Simon Sinek believes true inspiration comes when we start with why. This brief introduction to The Golden Circle is a teaching tool used in class.
Here are a few tips on selling from David Ogilvy and other experts. Can you sell?
Enter the Search for the World's Greatest Salesperson. Deadline May 16, 2010 at youtube.com/ogilvy
14 Tips to Entrepreneurs to start the Right StuffPatrick Stähler
14 tips for Entrepreneurs how they can develop from an idea the Right Thing. The Right is being loved by your customers, gives meaning to you and employees and is profitable. Finding and later doing the Right Thing is an agile and iterative learning journey. With these 14 tips you can profit from the experience of successful entrepreneurs since you do not have to experience and fail by yourself. Hopefully, the slide deck helps other entrepreneurs.
Gamification of Employee Engagement & Company CultureD B
Based on a presentation made to a graduate class of students at Northeastern University. Describes how employee engagement evolved since the Taylorism era. Also explains the key role that Gamification can play within a company to increase employee engagement and improve the overall culture. Covers how to avoid the "Dark Side" of Gamification and the main problems associated with its growing popularity.
IMPACT is an award-winning inbound marketing agency and a HubSpot Diamond Partner Agency.
We're hiring: https://www.impactbnd.com/inbound-marketing-agency/inbound-marketing-careers
Strategy palette as a unifying choice framework. It is designed to help leaders match their approach to strategy to the circumstances at hand and execute it effectively, to combine different approaches to cope with multiple or changing environments, and, as leaders, to animate the resulting collage of approaches. The strategy palette consists of five archetypal approaches to strategy, which can be applied to different parts of your business:
• Classical: I can predict it, but I can’t change it.
• Adaptive: I can’t predict it, and I can’t change it.
• Visionary: I can predict it, and I can change it.
• Shaping: I can’t predict it, but I can change it.
• Renewal: My resources are severely constrained.
Berlin’s November 2012 meet-up explored story-telling for service design. Based on the 7 basic plots by Christopher Booker the visitors created amazingly strange stories in a hands-on session. With acting-out and other techniques the 50+ people demonstrated their hidden talents and had long ongoing conversations afterwards.
Things I will tell my kids if they become entrepreneursLaurent Haug
The lessons I learned in 20 years as an entrepreneur. Partly inspired by Sam Altman's excellent course on How to start a startup, available on http://startupclass.samaltman.com
Feedback on laurenthaug at gmail dot com
How top-tier companies disintegrate, rapidly altered his intended trajectory. Collins knows a good idea when it latches its hooks into his mind. He’s the author of one of the most referenced and celebrated business “must-reads” of the last 30 years, Good to Great. If that book chronicled the arduous trek to the zenith of the business world, How the Mighty Fall stands on the shadowy side of the mountain, where businesses tumble down at varying rates of speed and terror.
The strange coincidence concerning Collins’ book is that its creation occurred largely before the 2008 global economic apocalypse. Fearing accusations of an attempt to capitalize on the current financial crisis, Collins is quick to assert that How the Mighty Fall is not about Wall Street, nor are its observations confined to the latter half of this decade.
These are the slides I will be using for an executive workshop in Mexico on the topic of "Competitive Advantage through Business Model Design and Innovation"
What makes places like Silicon Valley tick?
Can we replicate that magic in other places?
How do you foster innovation in your own networks?
The Rainforest is a groundbreaking new book from two of the world’s leading experts at the intersection of venture capital and global development. Victor W. Hwang and Greg Horowitt propose a radical new theory to explain the nature of innovation ecosystems -- human networks that generate extraordinary creativity and economic output. They argue that free market thinking fails to consider the impact of human nature on the innovation process. This ambitious work challenges basic assumptions that economists have held for over a century.
Kirkus Revews: "insightful, forward-thinking..." "provocative..." "Hwang and Horowitt write with authority and wit, carefully backing up their theory with substantive examples. Readers get the feeling that the authors have unveiled a very big, important concept, one that could serve as the basis for intentionally, methodically developing other “rainforests” similar to Silicon Valley."
Read a preview at: www.therainforestbook.com
2017 Convene Canada AHP conference presentation on leadership. Some say that leaders make or break organizations and I say, having an organizational leader with a growth mindset is absolutely key to thriving in today's competitive environment.
We held the largest ever Virtual SlideShare Summit a week back, if you missed it here's your chance to hear from the experts once more on some of the takeaways on presentation design and SlideShare Marketing
A presentation given on how to move your company/department from good to great. Borrows heavily from the theory of Jim Collins.
If you're looking for great tools to implement Good to Great in your organisation take a look at - http://fiverr.com/expatpat/show-you-great-tools-to-run-your-startup-or-sme
Excerpts and paraphrasing of the most interesting concepts presented in Nassim Taleb's book Antifragile. Whereas this slideshow may give something of an overview of the book, I wholeheartedly recommend reading it in its entirety.
Brand Archetypes: The Science Behind Brand PersonalityStephen Houraghan
We all have an emotional connection with a brand where the alternative simply won't do. Your connection with that brand is likely on a human level. Whether they speak your language, champion a cause you believe in or represent who you are, the connection is more than just transactional. The world's most loved brands all connect with us using a similar framework. This framework is based on decades of scientific research and has its roots in Greek Mythology. This Framework is Archetypes. www.iconicfox.com.au/brand-archetypes
Growing your business can be hard work. But, it becomes even harder when you continually focus on “areas for improvement”… There is an alternative; it is called a “Bright Spots Approach”.
In this presentation you will learn:
- Why you should focus more on bright spots
- How other companies are successfully using bright spots to grow faster
- Why bright spots focus will also help you fix the weak spots in your company
- How you can get started quickly
14 Tips to Entrepreneurs to start the Right StuffPatrick Stähler
14 tips for Entrepreneurs how they can develop from an idea the Right Thing. The Right is being loved by your customers, gives meaning to you and employees and is profitable. Finding and later doing the Right Thing is an agile and iterative learning journey. With these 14 tips you can profit from the experience of successful entrepreneurs since you do not have to experience and fail by yourself. Hopefully, the slide deck helps other entrepreneurs.
Gamification of Employee Engagement & Company CultureD B
Based on a presentation made to a graduate class of students at Northeastern University. Describes how employee engagement evolved since the Taylorism era. Also explains the key role that Gamification can play within a company to increase employee engagement and improve the overall culture. Covers how to avoid the "Dark Side" of Gamification and the main problems associated with its growing popularity.
IMPACT is an award-winning inbound marketing agency and a HubSpot Diamond Partner Agency.
We're hiring: https://www.impactbnd.com/inbound-marketing-agency/inbound-marketing-careers
Strategy palette as a unifying choice framework. It is designed to help leaders match their approach to strategy to the circumstances at hand and execute it effectively, to combine different approaches to cope with multiple or changing environments, and, as leaders, to animate the resulting collage of approaches. The strategy palette consists of five archetypal approaches to strategy, which can be applied to different parts of your business:
• Classical: I can predict it, but I can’t change it.
• Adaptive: I can’t predict it, and I can’t change it.
• Visionary: I can predict it, and I can change it.
• Shaping: I can’t predict it, but I can change it.
• Renewal: My resources are severely constrained.
Berlin’s November 2012 meet-up explored story-telling for service design. Based on the 7 basic plots by Christopher Booker the visitors created amazingly strange stories in a hands-on session. With acting-out and other techniques the 50+ people demonstrated their hidden talents and had long ongoing conversations afterwards.
Things I will tell my kids if they become entrepreneursLaurent Haug
The lessons I learned in 20 years as an entrepreneur. Partly inspired by Sam Altman's excellent course on How to start a startup, available on http://startupclass.samaltman.com
Feedback on laurenthaug at gmail dot com
How top-tier companies disintegrate, rapidly altered his intended trajectory. Collins knows a good idea when it latches its hooks into his mind. He’s the author of one of the most referenced and celebrated business “must-reads” of the last 30 years, Good to Great. If that book chronicled the arduous trek to the zenith of the business world, How the Mighty Fall stands on the shadowy side of the mountain, where businesses tumble down at varying rates of speed and terror.
The strange coincidence concerning Collins’ book is that its creation occurred largely before the 2008 global economic apocalypse. Fearing accusations of an attempt to capitalize on the current financial crisis, Collins is quick to assert that How the Mighty Fall is not about Wall Street, nor are its observations confined to the latter half of this decade.
These are the slides I will be using for an executive workshop in Mexico on the topic of "Competitive Advantage through Business Model Design and Innovation"
What makes places like Silicon Valley tick?
Can we replicate that magic in other places?
How do you foster innovation in your own networks?
The Rainforest is a groundbreaking new book from two of the world’s leading experts at the intersection of venture capital and global development. Victor W. Hwang and Greg Horowitt propose a radical new theory to explain the nature of innovation ecosystems -- human networks that generate extraordinary creativity and economic output. They argue that free market thinking fails to consider the impact of human nature on the innovation process. This ambitious work challenges basic assumptions that economists have held for over a century.
Kirkus Revews: "insightful, forward-thinking..." "provocative..." "Hwang and Horowitt write with authority and wit, carefully backing up their theory with substantive examples. Readers get the feeling that the authors have unveiled a very big, important concept, one that could serve as the basis for intentionally, methodically developing other “rainforests” similar to Silicon Valley."
Read a preview at: www.therainforestbook.com
2017 Convene Canada AHP conference presentation on leadership. Some say that leaders make or break organizations and I say, having an organizational leader with a growth mindset is absolutely key to thriving in today's competitive environment.
We held the largest ever Virtual SlideShare Summit a week back, if you missed it here's your chance to hear from the experts once more on some of the takeaways on presentation design and SlideShare Marketing
A presentation given on how to move your company/department from good to great. Borrows heavily from the theory of Jim Collins.
If you're looking for great tools to implement Good to Great in your organisation take a look at - http://fiverr.com/expatpat/show-you-great-tools-to-run-your-startup-or-sme
Excerpts and paraphrasing of the most interesting concepts presented in Nassim Taleb's book Antifragile. Whereas this slideshow may give something of an overview of the book, I wholeheartedly recommend reading it in its entirety.
Brand Archetypes: The Science Behind Brand PersonalityStephen Houraghan
We all have an emotional connection with a brand where the alternative simply won't do. Your connection with that brand is likely on a human level. Whether they speak your language, champion a cause you believe in or represent who you are, the connection is more than just transactional. The world's most loved brands all connect with us using a similar framework. This framework is based on decades of scientific research and has its roots in Greek Mythology. This Framework is Archetypes. www.iconicfox.com.au/brand-archetypes
Growing your business can be hard work. But, it becomes even harder when you continually focus on “areas for improvement”… There is an alternative; it is called a “Bright Spots Approach”.
In this presentation you will learn:
- Why you should focus more on bright spots
- How other companies are successfully using bright spots to grow faster
- Why bright spots focus will also help you fix the weak spots in your company
- How you can get started quickly
Transitions are a critical time for leaders at all levels. Missteps made during the crucial first three months in a new role can jeopardize your success.
In this updated and expanded version of the international bestseller, Michael D. Watkins offers proven strategies for conquering the challenges of taking on a new role — no matter where you are in your career. Watkins, a noted expert on leadership transitions, also addresses today’s increasingly demanding professional landscape, where managers face more frequent changes and steeper expectations when they start their new jobs.
Whether you’re starting a new job, being promoted from within, or embarking on an overseas assignment, this is the guide you’ll need to succeed in your first 90 days — and beyond.
The truth is, all corporations share the same basic structure and the higher your position on the corporate ladder, the more difficult advancement becomes. Women are conquering self-doubt, personal fears and cultural stereotypes as they steadily climb the corporate ladder. In this session, we will focus on the defining the challenges faced by successful women, strategies they used to overcome obstacles and skills that served them well along the way.
PHL 320 FINAL EXAM
Buy Solutions: http://hwsoloutions.com/downloads/phl-320-final-exam/
NOTE: questions not listed in order , meaning the first question in this guide might be number 12 in actual exam. most updated version (OCT 2015)
Who among the following individuals is most likely to exhibit event creativity?
An individual who establishes win-win relationships with other people
An individual who settles a disagreement quickly in an ingenious way
An individual who modifies the strategies of a group in a creative manner
An individual who organizes annual me
MAKING OB WORK FOR MEWhat Is OB and Why Is It ImportantTH.docxcroysierkathey
MAKING OB WORK FOR ME
What Is OB and Why Is It Important?
THE VALUE OF OB TO MY JOB AND CAREER
The termorganizational behavior (OB)describes an interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and managing people at work. To achieve this goal, OB draws on research and practice from many disciplines, including:
· Anthropology
· Economics
· Ethics
· Management
· Organizational theory
· Political science
· Psychology
· Sociology
· Statistics
· Vocational counseling
How OB Fits into My Curriculum and Influences My SuccessA Contingency Perspective—The Contemporary Foundation of OB
Acontingency approachcalls for using the OB concepts and tools that best suit the situation, instead of trying to rely on “one best way.” This means there is no single best way to manage people, teams, or organizations. A particular management practice that worked today may not work tomorrow. What worked with one employee may not work with another. The best or most effective course of action instead depends on the situation.
Thus, to be effective you need to do what is appropriate given the situation, rather than adhering to hard-and-fast rules or defaulting to personal preferences or organizational norms. Organizational behavior specialists, and many effective managers, embrace the contingency approach because it helps them consider the many factors that influence the behavior and performance of individuals, groups, and organizations. Taking a broader, contingent perspective like this is a fundamental key to your success in the short and the long term.How Self-Awareness Can Help You Build a Fulfilling Career
The Stanford Graduate School of Business asked the members of its Advisory Council which skills are most important for their MBA students to learn. The most frequent answer was self-awareness.6 The implication is that to have a successful career you need to know who you are, what you want, and how others perceive you. Larry Bossidy (former CEO of Honeywell) and Ram Charan (world-renowned management expert) said it best in their book Execution: “When you know yourself, you are comfortable with your strengths and not crippled by your shortcomings. … Self-awareness gives you the capacity to learnPage 6 from your mistakes as well as your successes. It enables you to keep growing.”9 They also argue that you need to know yourself in order to be authentic—real and not fake, the same on the outside as the inside. Authenticity is essential to influencing others, which we discuss in detail in Chapter 12. People don’t trust fakes, and it is difficult to influence or manage others if they don’t trust you.
As professors, consultants, and authors, we couldn’t agree more! To help you increase your self-awareness we include multiple Self-Assessments in every chapter. These are an excellent way to learn about yourself and see how OB can be applied at school, at work, and in your personal life. Go to Connect, complete the assessments, and then answer the questions included in ...
Innovators Dilemma by Clayton ChristensenSameer Mathur
Using the lesson of successes and failures from leading companies, "The Innovator's Dilemma" presents a set of rules for capitalizing on the phenomenon of disruptive innovation.When it is right not to listen to customers? Get to know the answers to such questions in the book summary
"What I know for sure" is that there is no strength without challenge, adversity, resistance, and often pain". Oprah Winfrey beautifully describes the truth of life in her book. Read book summary here.
Crossing The Chasm by Geoffrey A. MooreSameer Mathur
"Crossing The Chasm" is of biblical importance to anybody who has curiosity regarding the operations of B2B scenario. For book summary by Prof. Sameer Mathur, check here.
How To Win Friends And Influence People by Dale CarnegieSameer Mathur
We all face problems maintaining our relationship with friends and family. There are various dynamics to all relations and it can get very complicated if you don't do it right. Dale Carnegie's "How To Win Friends and Influence People" is humbling yet empowering. The book is a guide to 'live life'. For book summary prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur, click here.
There is a specific marketing strategy for each and every kind of product or service. "Inside the Tornado" gives stimulating introduction to guerilla marketing tactics in Silicon Valley and detailed analysis of various marketing strategies. Read book summary compiled by Prof. Sameer Mathur for more insights.
In "Upside of irrationality", Dan Ariely examines some positive effects of irrationality our lives. It offers a new look on the irrational decisions that influence our personal lives. Check the summary compiled by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
Blue Ocean Strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renee MauborgneSameer Mathur
A cutthroat competition results in nothing but a bloody red ocean of rivals fighting over a shrinking profit pool.Here is a book summary of "Blue Ocean Strategy" compiled by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
The Discipline of Market Leaders by Michael Treacy and Fred WiersemaSameer Mathur
What gives the leading companies an edge over its competitors? According to "The Discipline Of Market Leaders the value of a product or service to the customers can be categorized in terms of efficiency, innovation and customer intimacy. Read the summary prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
Everyone is a SALESPERSON. "To Sell Is Human" talks not only about "traditional selling" but also "non-sales selling"; persuading, convincing and influencing. Pink elaborates all his analytics with anecdotes which keeps the reader engaged throughout the book. For insights check the summary of the book prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
As opting for an unbeaten path can give a unique charm to your life, likewise, Godin talks of taking risks in your business to make it stand out from the rest. In fact, ensuring safety is actually risking. Read the book summary prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
Positioning The Battle For Your Mind by Al Ries & Jack TroutSameer Mathur
Advertising is a brutal business where mistakes can be costly and positioning is a major part of advertising. Positioning is not what you do to a product but it is what you do to the mind of the prospect. The book explains how to get into the mind of your target customers. Read the summary of the book created by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
BUYOLOGY explains how Brands play with our emotions and psychology to get under our skin. We think that we are making a rational decision while buying a product but that’s just a deception. Our buying decisions are highly influenced by subliminal messages. This book reveals various facets of Neuromarketing. Martin supports his discoveries with real examples which makes every concept easy to understand. Check the summary of the book created by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
(MBASkills.IN) Book summary: All Marketers Are LiarsSameer Mathur
In an ocean filled with lies, all that really matters is how believable YOUR lie is. All successful marketers are good storytellers; the customers chose to believe. "All Marketers are Liars" by Seth Godin shows that contemporary marketing is not only about satisfying needs but about creating wants. Here is a summary of the book prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur.
(MBASkills.IN) Book Summary: 22 Immutable Laws of Branding Sameer Mathur
22 Immutable Laws of Branding by Al Ries and Laura Ries explores various aspects of branding. Branding is one the marketing world’s hottest concept. The success of your business depends very much upon what image is formed in the customer’s mind when your brand name pops up. Read the summary prepared by Prof. Sameer Mathur for more insights.
These slides were created by AJEET KUMAR, as part of an internship done under the guidance of Prof. Sameer Mathur (www.IIMInternship.com).
Presentation By: AJEET KUMAR
These slides describes the current scenario of brands and private labels in world second most populated country(INDIA)
These slides gives the Golden tips for brand managers to promote there brand
These slides explains the pitfalls to be avoided by brand managers
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How Will You Measure Your Life by Clayton Christensen
1. HOW WILL YOU MEASURE
YOUR LIFE
Finding fulfilment using lessons from some of the world’s greatest
businesses
1
CLAYTON M. CHRISTENSEN
Book Summary
2. ABOUT THE AUTHOR
"One of the more surprisingly powerful books o
personal philosophy of the 21st century."
Forbes
Clayton Christensen is the Kim B. Clark Professor
of Business Administration at the Harvard Business
School, where he teaches one of the most popular
elective classes for second year students, Building
and Sustaining a Successful Enterprise. He is
regarded as one of the world’s top experts on
innovation and growth and his ideas have been
widely used in industries and organizations
throughout the world.
Source:
http://www.claytonchristensen.com/biography/#sthash.c8NTxmhF.dpuf
Clay is the best-selling author of nine books
and more than a hundred articles. His first
book, The Innovator’s Dilemma received the
Global Business Book Award as the best
business book of the year (1997); and in 2011
The Economist named it as one of the six most
important books about business ever written.
He received the Lifetime Achievement Award
from the Tribeca Films Festival (2010).
3. PROLOGUE (1/2)
3
At HBS reunion,
more and more of
the students come
as unhappy,
divorced and
alienated from
their children
Purpose of the life
was not kept at
centre as it was
decided how to
spend their time,
talent & energy
It was thought
that in future they
may find out
some time to
pursue what they
actually liked
Little thought was
given to what is
the purpose of
their lives
4. PROLOGUE (2/2)
4
How can I be sure that I will be
successful and happy in my
career?
How can I be sure that my
relationship with my family,
spouse, extended family and
close friends become an
enduring source of happiness?
How can I be sure that I live a life
of integrity
3 Questions you should
ask yourself at the end of
this course
6. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT TO
THINK & HOW TO THINK
6
•Offer quick fixes to life’s hard
problems
•Tell what to think
Traditional
Self-help
Books
•Offers theories which will help
in making good choices
•Preaches how to think
How Will You
Measure
Your Life
7. I DON’T HAVE AN OPINION, THE
THEORY HAS AN OPINION
7
Generality
A good theory
doesn’t
change its
mind; it is a
general
statement of
what causes
what and why
Prediction
A good theory
can help us
categorize,
explain and
predict
different
situations in our
life
Valuable
A good theory
is much more
valuable than
experiences
and information
as it can
explain what
will happen
before you
experience
Reliability
Moving from
correlation to
causality, a
good theory
dispenses its
advice in “if-
then”
statements
Characteristics of a good theory
8. THE POWER OF THEORY IN OUR LIVES
8
Basis of the “Theories” in the book
Based on research done at HBS
and other leading universities
Based on deep understanding of
human endeavor – what causes
what to happen and why
Can help all of us with decisions
that we make every day in our lives
and business
10. STRATEGY TO MAKE YOU LOVE WHAT
YOU DO
10
How to balance
the plans to find
what you love
doing along with
unexpected
challenges
Discussion
of
priorities
Allocating
your
resources
12. THE IMPORTANCE OF GETTING
MOTIVATION RIGHT
12
Anecdote
about Diana, a
scientist at CPS
Technologies
Her work
involved long
wait for results,
leading to
frustration
The way her
day went at
work
tremendously
influences her
motivation
13. DO INCENTIVES MAKE THE WORLD GO
ROUND?
13
Case study session at HBS
where a student offered a
solution of providing incentive
to a key efficient engineer,
who is over burdened with
projects, so that he takes on
another crucial project as well
Another student counter-reacted
by arguing that incentives are
meant only for managers and not
engineers
Broadening rift between the
author’s world and that of his
students
14. A BETTER THEORY OF MOTIVATION
14
Agency
Theory
People work in
accordance with
how you pay them
Align the interests of
shareholders with that
of the executives
Application
When you need to
convince others that
they should do one
thing and not
another, just pay
them to do what you
want them to do
Problem
Unexplained powerful
anomalies – Hardest
working people
employed in NGOs
Rare to hear
managers at such
places complaining
about low motivation
Motivation
Theory
True motivation is
getting people to do
something because
they want to do it
Job satisfaction is
not considered as a
continuous spectrum
by mind
Hygiene
Factors
Status,
compensation, job
security, work
conditions,
company policies,
supervisory practices
Motivators
Challenging work,
recognition,
responsibility,
personal growth
15. THE BALANCE OF MOTIVATORS AND
HYGIENE FACTORS
15
• Motivators cause you to love what you are doing
• Choose a career based on motivators and not hygiene
factors
• Compromise with passion results in deference of the
pledge to return to the real passion after a couple of
years
• Money is the root cause of professional unhappiness
• If you get motivators at work, you are going to love your
job
16. IF YOU FIND A JOB YOU LOVE…
16
Manager
Most noble profession
Opportunity to frame each
person’s work
Make sure they have motivators
too
Money
Pursuit of money is not a motivator
Look for meaningful opportunities
Find a job you love and you will
never work
Hygiene factors such as money are a by-product of being happy with a job rather than the cause of it
18. HONDA TAKES AMERICA…BY ACCIDENT
18
US market
dominated by
powerhouse brands
like Harley
Honda’s strategy –
to make
comparable bikes
at low prices
Backfired due to
increased
overheads and
defective pieces
“Super Cub” now
being used by
Honda employees
to run errands
Sears spotted
Honda employees
having fun on the
hills by riding Super
Cub
Sears started selling
it through its
catalogue
Emergent
Strategy
Deliberate
Strategy
19. BALANCING EMERGENT AND DELIBERATE
19
Your strategy is made up of both
emergent and deliberate elements.
However the circumstances dictate
which approach is best
20. WHEN THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
DIDN’T RESPOND
20
To
become
the editor
of the Wall
Street
Journal
Joined a
consulting
firm with a
view to
keep
learning
about
business
Deliberate
Strategy
Emergent
Strategy
From joining a consulting firm to starting his own company to
getting fired to landing as a professor, we see a shift from
emergent to deliberate based on circumstances
21. WHAT HAS TO PROVE TRUE FOR THIS TO WORK?
21
Why do projects fail?
Due to
mistakes
made in
critical
assumptions
in the
beginning
What can be done?
Ask the project team to make a list of assumptions based on
importance and uncertainty for initial projections and ask the
question
“Which of these needs to prove true in order to realistically
expect these projections to materialize?”
22. THE IMPORTANCE OF TESTING
ASSUMPTIONS
22
What
assumptions
have to be
true for you to
be happy
What are the
assumptions
that have to
prove true for
success
What are the
things you
need to
deliver what
you hope to
do
24. REAL STRATEGY
How you allocate your resources is where the rubber meets the
road
24
Time
Money
Energy
Real
Strategy
Watch where
resources
flow
25. GETTING THE MEASURE OF SUCCESS WRONG
Sonosite
Titan
(Will be outdated)
Size of laptop,
Sophisticated &
pricey
More price hence
value of sale
higher
iLook
(disruptive – High
market potential)
Less
sophisticated, half
the size, 1/3rd the
price
Need to sell 5 to
get similar margin
on sale as 1 Titan
25
26. GETTING THE MEASURE OF SUCCESS WRONG
Sell iLook - as it is
disruptive technology – If
you don’t competitors will
Sell Titan – More the
Volume of the sale more
commissions you get
26
Measure of
Success for
employees
What will make
company
successful
27. THE PARADOX OF RESOURCE
ALLOCATION
Conflicts
in a
company
Engineer’s
Perspective
CEO’s
perspective
Salesman’s
perspective
27
Engineer -> Pushing the frontier
of performance in next
products ; regardless of
expense
Company -> Make iLook smaller
& more affordable
Salesman -> Sell product with
highest margin
28. THE PARADOX OF RESOURCE
ALLOCATION
Conflicts in
the mind
of a single
person
Right decision
for Long term
makes no sense
in the Short term
Wrong customer
to call on is
actually the
right customer
to call on
Most important
product makes
little sense to sell
28
Resource allocation
determines which
initiatives get funded
and which are
denied resources
Everything related to
strategy of company
is an “intent” until it
gets to resource
allocation
29. THE PARADOX OF RESOURCE
ALLOCATION
Actual
Strategy
of
company
Company’s
Vision
Company’s
Plans
Company’s
Opportunities
Company’s
Threats
Company’s
Problems
29
30. WHEN INDIVIDUALS CAUSE THE PROBLEMS
Individual
Priorities
Company
Priorities
30
Individual
vs
Company
priorities ->
Fatal
Job’s Fixed the underlying resource
allocation problem
Anything not aligned with the
company’s goal got scrapped
People who did not agree were fired
Job’s prioritized what is the focus of the
company and it was implemented
31. THE DANGERS OF GETTING THE TIME FRAME WRONG
•Senior executives identify next gen leaders – High potential leaders
•18 month projects across functions are gauged for success
•Series of successful assignments earn best subsequent projects
•Hence young managers focus on projects which give results in 18 months
Singles & bunts
(Focus on short term projects)
•Long term view always helps the company achieve its goals, but these give fruits after 5 years
•Managers are judged based on immediate results, hence long term view is not addressed
•Misaligned timelines for incentive and company’s goals cause the managers choose shortterm
gains
Home Runs
(Focus on long run projects)
31
Short term
success (Singles
& bunts) Long term success
(home runs)
-> Unilever very innovative
company – invested billions to
create breakthrough innovations
But Singles & bunts better than
exciting new “home run”
products
Misaligned incentives -
system rewards
tomorrow…
company’s goals
need long term
32. THE DANGERS OF GETTING THE TIME FRAME WRONG
Change
Change the Social
security, Medicare
etc & save country
from bankruptcy
Everyone in house of
representatives
knows how to
change
Re-
elected
These programs
benefit lot of
people, if changed
their benefits go
away
They have the right
to vote and will
remove anyone
who changes these
programs
32
Getting
country out of
bankruptcy Getting re-
elected
33. ALLOCATION RESOURCES AMONG YOUR
“BUSINESSES”
-> Have a rewarding
relationship with
spouse
-> Raising great
children
->Contributing to
church or community
-> Have a successful
career
-> Get a promotion,
raise or bonus
-> Have high flying
lifestyle
->Hence more time for
career since I need
promotion
PersonalLife
Career
33
To understand a
company’s
strategy, look at
what they actually
do rather than what
they say – Andy
Grove
Resources like personal time,
energy, talent & wealth need
to be allocated
34. ALLOCATION RESOURCES AMONG YOUR
“BUSINESSES”
What has to be prioritized, since resources are limited?
Where to spend the extra time you get or the extra ounce of energy?
Even if you are focussed. What are the right choices?
Danger of high achieving people is to allocate resources that yield the most
immediate & tangible results
Immediate results can be seen in career but not in personal lives
Things in personal life deteriorate slowly - only after 20yrs you can say we raised good
kids
34
35. ALLOCATION RESOURCES AMONG YOUR
“BUSINESSES”Strategy
• You can talk about your strategy all you want – strategy
is nothing but good intentions unless effectively
implemented
Actions •See how your resources flow and check whether
your priority is getting the maximum resources
Consistency
•Decisions you make about where you invest your
blood, sweat and tears should be consistent with
the person you aspire to be, otherwise you will
never be that person
35
37. FINDING HAPPINESS IN YOUR RELATIONSHIPS
Career
you
love
What truly
motivates
us?
How to
balance?
How to
allocate
resources? 37
38. FINDING HAPPINESS IN YOUR RELATIONSHIPS
Career
•High need for achievement – career gives the best results
•Highly tempting to invest every hour & energy in career because it gives clear & immediate
evidence of achievement
•High achievers focus on the person you are at work & neglect person you are at home
•Focussing more on career is the result of short term planning
Personal
Life
•There is much more to life than career
•Investing time & energy in raising children and deepening love with spouse yield long term happiness
•How do you decide what gets most attentions? The one which shouts and pulls you more?
•You need to fight to uphold your priorities in your mind everyday
•Work can bring you a sense of fulfilment but it pales in comparison to enduring happiness you find in
relationships
38
39. FINDING HAPPINESS IN YOUR RELATIONSHIPS
Relationships
Never
under
control
Relationship
with kids in
unpredicta
ble
Each
person is
different –
hence your
relationship
should be
different
Getting
something
wrong is not
failure – it’s a
learning on
what doesn’t
work
You cant
hire & fire
people from
your life –
like in a
company
Relationshi
ps are
sources of
deepest
joys
39
41. THE TICKING CLOCK
41
Paradoxically, the time when it
is important to invest in building
strong families and close
friendships is when it appears,
at the surface, as if it’s not
necessary
42. A SPECTACULARLY BIG FAILURE
•Iridium satellite network phone to call people from literally
anywhere on the planet
•Iridium would revolutionize mobile communications,
attracting millions of users
•Defied odds & managed govt’s to allocate spectrum to the
signals
Innovation
•Send call to satellite and relay to the receiver – need
not worry about if there is a tower
•Call from mount Everest to Baltimore possible
Advantages
•Customer needed to carry the phone in a briefcase & it
weighs a pound
•Phone doesn’t work if you are indoors
•Huge investment without proper analysis – 6$billion
•Theory of “ good money & bad money” explains this risky
investment
Flaws & Failure
42
43. A THEORY OF GOOD AND BAD
CAPITAL
Initial Phase
• When winning strategy not clear –
good money should be impatient
for profit but patient for growth
• Figure out a viable strategy as fast
as possible & with little investment
possible
• 93% of successful companies
changed their initial strategy
• Do not become big when strategy
is not established to be viable
Final phase
• Once a viable strategy is
established good money becomes
impatient for growth and patient
for profitability
• After viable way forward is
discovered, success not depends
on scaling out the model
• Hence the capital has different
uses at different stages of the
strategy
43
Two goals of an
investor – Growth
& Profitability
Companies succeed, not
because they have right
strategy, but rather, they
have money left after
original strategy fails, to
try another approach
44. PLANTING SAMPLINGS WHEN YOU
DECIDE YOU NEED SHADE
•Because the probability is so high that the initial plan isn’t viable, investor needs to invest in next
wave of growth
•Even while the original business is going strong, invest in new business , so as to give it time to
figure out a viable strategy
•Despite this owner of capital postpones the investment because today it seems unwarranted
Step1
•The original core business has become mature & stops growing
•The owner of the capital realises he should have invested several years earlier in the
next growth business
•So that the new business would have taken over as the growth business
Step2
• The owner of capital demands that the businesses he invested in must
become very big very fast
• To accelerate growth, shareholders pour lots of capital in to these
initiatives, this abundant capital gives entrepreneurs chance to
recklessly pursue wrong strategy
Step3 44
45. HONDA VS MOTOROLLA
Honda
Honda was financially
constrained in its initial
days, hence was
forced to be patient
for growth
If it had cash and
infused it to pursue
growth then it
would be bad
money
Was forced to
follow the theory
of good money –
hence succeeded
Motorolla
Infused large
money in to
iridium project
without a viable
strategy
Invest to see
business grow
quickly & figure
out how to be
successful down
the line
Bad money
resulted in failure
45
46. INVESTING FOR FUTURE HAPPINESS
Happiness
Do not give
all the
attention to
your job
Do not
identify
yourself with
your work
alone
Do not
expect
people who
are closest to
us to accept
our
demanding
schedule
Do not
neglect
friends &
personal
events like
birthdays
etc
Implement
your
strategy of
creating
deep love
filled
relationships
46
47. THE RISK OF SEQUENCING LIFE INVESTMENTS
47
The logic “I can invest in my career during the early
years when our children are small and parenting isn’t
critical. When out children are a bit older and begin to
be interested in things that adults are interested in, then
I can lift my foot off my career accelerator. That’s when
I will focus on my family” is flawed
48. THE RISK OF SEQUENCING LIFE INVESTMENTS
The first year of a child’s life is most important in terms of listening to words
The number of words child listens to in first 30 months has a strong correlation with their
performance on vocabulary & reading tests
Types of conversation parents have with kids has an impact on cognitive development of
the child
Business language vs Language dancing
Language dancing helps child think about surroundings and understand
The children who were exposed to extra talk have an incalculable cognitive advantage
Invest long in your relationships, it takes a long time to see results
48
49. WHAT JOB DID YOU HIRE
THAT MILKSHAKE FOR?
Chapter 6
49
50. WHAT DOES THIS CHAPTER DEAL WITH?
THE IMPORTANCE OF CHANGING
PERCEPTION – AN UNDERSTANDING
OF WHAT THE OTHER WANTS AS
OPPOSED TO WHAT WE CAN OFFER
50
51. DOING THE JOB RIGHT
Nobody has copied IKEAs business model
WHY?
Different business approach: Model structured around job rather than product
or customer demographics. Caters to consumer’s “I’ve got to get this place
furnished by tomorrow” dilemma
Competitors may reverse engineer your products and copy the catalog, but
business approach and culture cannot be copied
When a company understands the job, consumers ‘pull’ its products
into their lives
51
52. CHEAPER? CHOCOLATIER? CHUNKIER?
Morning milkshakes: Chunkier, helps people pass time
during their commute to office
Afternoon milkshakes: Simpler, smaller, for parents who
want to feel good that they don’t deny their kid every
pleasure
52
A single product may serve multiple needs to the same or
different customers at different points in time
53. THE JOB OF KEEPING MOM AND DAD HAPPY
Examples of products which were structured around ‘jobs’ and not
products and which did well in markets and kept ‘parents happy’
53
For parents who want to spend
some time with their kids but who
are very tired after a long days work
For young adults. “I can drink a V8 and
get the nutrition that I’d promised
Mom I’d get, but with a fraction of
effort and time”
54. HIRING SCHOOL FOR A JOB
State brings improvements to education system that seems to make little
improvements in performance or dropout rates
WHY? Because schools are designed to make students feel like failures –
Result: Dropouts, and barring some, poor performance in academics
Schools job: To make students feel successful, to help students make friends
54
55. WHAT JOB ARE YOU BEING HIRED FOR?
Understand the job you are being hired for – both professionally
and personally
You may be capable of doing a 100 different kinds of jobs, but if
you don’t do the one that is actually required by your loved one
or your job specs, you will reap frustration and confusion
In marriages, people who are most loyal are the ones who have
figured out what the other party wants 55
56. SACRIFICE AND COMMITMENT
What is happiness in a relationship
about?
Finding someone who makes you happy
Finding someone who you want to make
happy, whose happiness is worth
devoting yourself to
Sacrifice deepens commitment 56
One is at his happiest when one
puts his whole life on hold for
something worth fighting for
58. WHAT DOES THE CHAPTER TEACH US?
OUTSOURCING IS NOT ALWAYS THE
CORRECT SOLUTION – PEOPLE AND
BUSINESSES LEARN WHEN THEY ARE
CHALLENGED
58
59. THE GREEK TRAGEDY OF OUTSOURCING
In the beginning (Dell’s case):
Disruptive Business model
Modular Designing of computers
Efficient capital usage
Later:
To increase RONA (Return on Net Assets), Dell started
outsourcing to Asus
Outsourcing started with low end circuits, moved to
motherboards, then to assembly to a point where Dell
had outsourced everything instead of its brand.
Asus now knew what to do, and announced its
own line of computers
59
V/S
60. UNDERSTAND YOUR CAPABILITIES
Understand what capabilities might be critical to you in the future
Capabilities are of 3 kinds:
60
Priorities
Most important
Defines how the
decisions are made
Processes
Interaction, coordination,
communication
Decision making
Can’t be seen on a
balance sheet
Resources
Tangible
Are people or things
Can be hired or
fired, bought or sold
61. NEVER OUTSOURCE THE FUTURE
It always begins with outsourcing the simplest of things
But then, a phase arrives when you no longer can do the
complex things because you haven’t mastered the simple
things, because they were outsourced.
Solution to the problem:
Take a dynamic view of your capabilities assuming that condition can
and will change in the future
Figure out what capabilities are needed in the future – those must
stay in-house 61
62. WHAT YOUR CHILD CAN AND CANNOT DO
A child’s resources: financial and material resources, abilities, talents,
relationships, learnings from the past
A child’s processes: What the child does with the resources he/she has –
thinking, asking question, solving problems
A child’s priorities: What the child considers important in his/her life – what tasks
are at the top of the list, what tasks can be procrastinated, what need not be
done at all
These are the WHAT, HOW and WHY (in order) and these determine what a
child can/can’t do
62
63. THE GREEK TRAGEDY – INSIDE OUR FAMILIES
In olden times, children used to help parents around the house:
cleaning, gardening, sewing
Nowadays, it is cheaper and easier to outsource this work to
professionals
In absence of these activities, parents send their kids to soccer,
lacrosse, Chinese lessons and so on.
Impetus for parents: They want to feel that they are doing good as parents
Result: Kids, today, have ample resources. But the process and
priority remains relatively under developed 63
64. WHAT MY PARENTS DIDN’T DO FOR ME
The authors mother never spoon fed her children.
If their socks are torn, she taught them how to sew and let them sew it
themselves and if their jeans got torn, she taught them how to patch
them
This in turn
Helped them learn how to solve their own problems
Gave them confidence that they could solve their own problems
Gave them immense pride when they mended/tacked a problem on their own
Made them SELF RELIANT 64
65. CHILDREN LEARN WHEN THEY ARE READY TO
LEARN Children learn when they want to learn, not when one
wants to teach them
It is important to be with them as they face challenges
– that is an opportunity to shape their priorities
If these ‘problems’ are outsourced to be solved,
possible points when the parent and the child can
connect, is gone forever.
65
67. WHAT DOES THIS CHAPTER SAY?
FAILURE HAPPENS NOT BECAUSE
OF INCAPABILITY, BUT BECAUSE
OF INEXPERIENCE – AND
EXPERIENCES CAN BE
COLLECTED
67
68. IS IT REALLY THE RIGHT STUFF?
A resume is not always the correct measure as to whether a
particular candidate is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ for the job
Copying processes of successful companies may not be the solution
for everyone
The right people and the right company hone themselves, and they
have experiences that taught them how to deal with setbacks
68
69. THE RIGHT STUFF ISN’T RIGHT AT ALL
The author gives an example of how for
scaling up his company, he hired a person
based on his resume and not on his
experiences and learnings and eventually had
to let him go because he was not the right fit
69
Similarly, how Pandesic, a JV between Intel
and SAP became a colossal failure because
they hired a VP-Operations just based on his
resume.
70. PLANNING YOUR COURSES AT THE SCHOOL OF
EXPERIENCE
Instead of taking the universally accepted ‘right’ steps, ask
“What are all the experiences and problems that I
have to learn and master so that what comes out at
the other end is someone who is ready and capable
of becoming successful?”
70
71. A COURSE FOR JUST FIVE PLAYERS
In a start-up company where there are no processes in place
and everything has to be done by individual then a experienced
person should be selected to do the job
In a established company, where processes are in place then
someone who needs to learn from hand-on experience should
be selected
71
72. SENDING YOUR KIDS TO THE RIGHT SCHOOL
As a parent , encourage children to aim higher goals
If children fail , parents should be there to help them from the
mistakes
Parents should encourage children “ If they are not failing
occasionally, they are not aiming high”
Parents should allow kids to take responsibility of handling tasks
72
73. ENGINEERING COURSES
If children do not face difficult challenges and hardly fail along the
way , they will not build the resilience they need throughout the life
Parents should consciously think about what abilities you want your
children to develop and what experience is likely to help them
Creating experience is not enough but to help your children to get
right experience
73
75. 75
What does this chapter say?
Most of us have idyllic image of families ,
children well behaved and make us proud by
their actions
But there is a difference between idyllic family
and actual family we have
76. WHEN THE CHARIOT GOES OVER THE HILL
How to raise our children, so that they themselves take the right
conclusion
For this to happen, children priority should be set correctly, so that
they know how to evaluate their options and make a good
choice
The best tool is the culture we build in our families
76
77. HOW DOES CULTURE FORM IN A COMPANY?
Culture is a way of working together towards common goals that
have been followed so frequently that people do not even think
about trying to do things in different way
Culture is about learning the things by flawless repetition
Culture is the unique combination of processes and priorities
77
Culture
Building
Define a
problem
Ask a group
to find
solution
If group fails
,ask them
again to
find solution
Ask the
team to
implement
the same
solution
again
78. THIS IS THE WAY OUR FAMILY BEHAVES
For a family to have clear set of priorities , then those priorities
needs to be proactively designed into the culture
Choose the culture that best suits to your family and engineer the
culture to reinforce it
A culture always exists , what matters is how hard are you trying
to influence it
78
79. THIS IS THE WAY OUR FAMILY BEHAVES
The professional pursuit and interest of children need to emerge , and there is
every chance they will be very different
The culture of your family should welcome diversity
79
81. 81
What does this chapter say?
The author answers the question “ how can I be
sure I live a life of Integrity ? “
Author uses the theory of “full versus marginal
thinking” to answer this question
Many a times we face a series of ethical
questions that rarely seems to have high stakes,
but over time they turn out to be really
important
82. THE TRAP OF MARGINAL THINKING
Taking decisions on the parameters which led to the success in past may
led to failure in future
The decisions should be based on the parameters which will lead to
success in future
Short term marginal benefits is a “myopic” approach , may lead to loss in
future
Refer the ted talk
http://www.ted.com/talks/roselinde_torres_what_it_takes_to_be_a_great_lead
er?language=en
82
83. YOU END UP PAYING THE FULL PRICE ANYWAY
The big established players have so much cash then also they
find capital investment in future technology very difficult
The answer is “Theory of marginal verses full cost”
In established companies marginal cost overwhelms full cost, as
companies think they already have underutilized capacity, this
leads decline of the firm
Start ups have only option of full cost as they are new to the
scene and invest in new technology
83
Established firms v/s Start ups
Established
Firm
Start ups
84. AN UNENDING STREAM OF EXTENUATING
CIRCUMSTANCES
Marginal cost of doing “just this once” always seems to be
negligible but the full cost will be typically higher
The price of doing “Just this once” wrong seems to be very low
Short term gain seems to be alluring but can have negative
consequences in future
84
Lance Armstrong caught in “just this
once” phobia and doped
Led to loss of glory made in several
years
85. 100 PERCENT OF THE TIME IS EASIER THAN 98
PERCENT OF THE TIME
Most of us know we are breaking our personal rules by “just this once” decision
, but in our mind we justify them as small choices
These small choices never feels like a life-changing direction
But each of these decisions can roll up into a bigger picture , turning you into
a person you never wanted to be
85