HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES.pptx

HISTORY
• According to Merriam Dictionary, “History is a chronological
record of significant events (such as those affecting a nation or
institution) often including an explanation of their causes.”
• According to American Historical Association, “History is a
critical examination of the past in order to understand,
interpret, and interpret critically the forces and ideas that have
shaped the present and the future.”

HISTORY OF
EDUCATIONAL
PLANNING IN THE
PHILIPPINES
MICHELLE C. LLANES
C
H
A
P
T
E
R
8

HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE
PHILIPPINES
• According to the Department of Education, today’s
educational planning in the Philippines can claim an
unbroken history even before the establishment of our
formal educational system.
• During the pre-Spanish era and the period of more than four
centuries when the Philippines was a possession of Spain
and of the United States there was a long and routine sort of
educational planning though it was not visible enough to
compare with the present educational planning activities.

HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE
PHILIPPINES
• At a minimum, they had to estimate how many students
there would be, how many classroom, teachers, desks and
books would be needed to serve them adequately; how
much money these would require, where the money would
come from; and how and when it would be spent. This
process was educational planning which was taken for
granted as a normal part of the school administrators’ job.
Much more in some instances, it was abused that it led to
wasteful imbalances of our much limited school inputs.

1. ORGANIZATION AND PROCESS OF OVERALL
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
1935
PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY (PIA)
1962
PRESIDENTIAL ECONOMIC STAFF (PES)
1966
MARTIAL LAW
1972
NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL (NEC)

1935 NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL (NEC)
In 1935, Commonwealth Act No. 2 was passed
which created the National Education Council
(NEC). It was the central authority responsible for
the “formulation of definite and consistent
national economic policies and the preparation of
comprehensive economic and social development
plan”.

The formulation of any set of policies or any program in the council,
was usually the concern of any or all of the following four groups:
The Council proper composed of Congressional members, appointive
members from the Executive Branch and representatives of the private
sector;
 The technical staff for the council, composed of members of its three
main offices: National Planning, Foreign Aid Coordination and Statistical
Coordination and Standards;
 Other departments, offices and agencies of the government,
particularly the Budget Commission, Central Bank, Department of
Finance. Presidential Economic Staff and
 The private Sector

 The law required approval by the President of both policies and
programs of the Council before they could be implemented by the
government’s departments, offices, and agencies. The National
Economic Council was under the Office of the President and headed
by a chairman with cabinet rank. He was directly responsible to the
President of the Philippines
 Aside from NEC, there were planning committees set up in some of
the departments or agencies of the government.

 On the regional level, planning was undertaken
by the various regional development
authorities.
 On the local level, a provincial economic
planning was set under the auspices of the
defunct Emergency Administration.
The NEC coordinated the planning activities of
these agencies.

The NEC was basically an advisory body with no executive
functions (with the exception of foreign aid). In order to coordinate
the implementation of development projects, a Development
Council, composed of heads of executive departments concerned
with the economic and social development, head of major
government agencies
and legislative leader. This Council was presided over by the
President himself, who required the members to submit in person
progress reports on the different major projects. The Chairman of
the NEC acted as Executive Secretary of the Development Council.
The Secretariat of the NEC had an integrated Social Development
Division located at the Office of National Planning which also dealt
with education.

1935
1962

1962 PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY (PIA)
The Program Implementation Agency (PIA) was
created through Executive Order No. 17 to meet
the need for an implementing authority to push
through development plans.

1935
1962
PRESIDENTIAL ECONOMIC STAFF (PES)
1966

1966 PRESIDENTIAL ECONOMIC STAFF (PES)
The PIA was changed to PES, Presidential
Economic Staff. These two agencies – the NEC and
the PES, the one on planning and the other on
programming, stood head above all other
government executive departments, corporations,
financial institutions, chartered cities and local
governments in matters pertaining to these two
functions.

1966 MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL
Executive Order No. 53, dated December 8,
1966 created the Manpower Development
Council under the Office of the President of the
Philippines to undertake the responsibility of
assessing human resources and forecasting the
needs for trained personnel at various
occupational levels.

MARTIAL LAW
1972
With the proclamation of Martial Law in 1972 and
the implementation of the Integrated
Reorganization Plan, the National Economic and
Development Authority (NEDA) was created for
the purpose of recommending continuing
coordinated and fully integrated social and
economic plans and programs.

NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (NEDA)
1972
This body is primarily charged with the task of
overseeing government development programs. It
is central agency for national development
planning and coordination of program
implementation.

1I. DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
1954
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4372
1965
EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT DECREE OF 1972
1972
BOARD OF NATIONAL EDUCATION

1954 BOARD OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
In 1954, the defunct Congress of the Philippines created
the Board of National Education through Republic Act No.
1124,
Its broad functions were:
to formulate the objectives and basic policies of education
in conformity with the Constitution;
to coordinate the objectives, functions, and activities of
different types of educational institutions; and
set up general goals of accomplishments for the entire
school system.

1954 BOARD OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
The Board aside from being the highest policy making
body in education has been known as the first official
planning body for education. Initially, its activities that were
concentrated on the public school system were integrated
with the national development plan.

1954
1965
BOARD OF NATIONAL EDUCATION

1965
Republic Act No. 4372 amended Republic Act No. 1124 and provided
among others the following additional functions of the Board of National
Education;
 To establish guidelines, policies, and criteria on the basis of which the
examination, evaluation and approval of textbooks by the Board of
Textbooks shall be made.
 To compile educational statistics, keep records on education, conduct
researches, surveys, and studies on educational conditions and
problems, evaluate the effects of national educational policies and
undertake such other activities as to effectively carry out all purpose
of this act.

1965
 To secure data and information from all government offices and
entities and educational institutions, public and private, and to consult
and confer with the offices and personnel thereof, on such matters as
may be necessary for the Board to discharge its functions.
 To submit an annual report to the President and to Congress not later
than January thirty-first of each year which shall include a compilation
of the national educational policies formulated by the Board, an
evaluation of the national educational system, and recommendation
to the Executive and Legislative branches of the government on the
improvement of the educational system of the country.

1965-1970
DEPT. MEMORANDUM NO.10 s. 1965
1965
 issued by the secretary of education
 Bureaus and agencies to integrate and coordinate efforts
in the administration of developmental programs and to
effect a closer cooperation with the national planning
agencies, NEC and PES
 Department of Education Coordinating Committee for
Educational Planning

1965
Operational planning then in the Department of
Education originated from its three bureaus. Although in
principle these bureau-sectoral plans were consolidated at
the level of the Secretary of Education, in practice they were
submitted to the Office of the President with hardly any
substantial change and were not coursed through the Board
of National Education unless they involved changes in
curricula and standards.

1965 It can be said that in the past years the partial
educational planning in the Philippines, both of
policy and implementing levels, was more
concerned with “humanistic values”, “quality of
instruction”, and “cost-determination”, than
integration into the general strategy for
accelerated economic development, according to
the DECS

1970 Through the Office of the Division of Educational
Planning, the Department of Education
conducted a comprehensive review of the
educational system in coordination with the
Presidential Commission to Survey Philippine
Education (PCSPE).

1972
• National Board of Education (NBE) shall be
assisted by an office of planning and research
• Planning Service in the Department of Education

1972
Education Development Decree of 1972 defined a
10-year education plan that focused on curriculum
development, upgrading physical facilities, adoption
of cost-saving instructional technology, retraining of
teachers and administrators, accreditation,
admissions testing, guidance and counseling,
democratizing access through financial assistance,
and shifting funding of basic education from
national to local government.

NEC stands for
A. NATIONAL ECONOMIC
COUNCIL
B. NATIONAL EDUCATION
COUNCIL

PES stands for
A. PRESIDENTIAL
EDUCATION SYSTEM
B. PRESIDENTIAL
ECONOMIC STAFF

PIA stands for
A. PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHORITY
B. PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATON AGENCY

NEDA stands for
A. NATIONAL ECONOMIC
AND DEVELOPMENT
AUTHORITY
AND DEVELOPMEN
AUTHORITY

PCSPE stands for
A. PRESIDENTIAL
COMMISSION TO SURVEY
PHILIPPINE EDUCATION
AND DEVELOPMEN
AUTHORITY

HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES.pptx

HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES.pptx

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