Portugal before during and after WWII

1. Portugal
IN THE WORLD WAR II
- BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER-Image
I.I – Lisbon, Portugal- “Lisbon
has the smell of flowers and sea” –
Amalia Rodrigues ( Iconic fado singer)

2. Index
Prelude
• I.I – The End of Portuguese Monarchy
• I.II – The End of Portuguese Monarchy
• I.III – The Coupe D'état
• I.IV – The “Estado Novo” Regime
WWII ERA
• II.I - Neutrality
• II.II – Relations with Allies (England)
• II.II – Relations with Allies (Unites States)
• II.III – Relations with Germany
• II.IV – Führer Directive No.18
• II.VI – Estoril Espionage
• II.VII – Lajes Air Field
POST WAR ERA
• III.I – Portuguese Colonial War
• III.II – Carnation Revolution
BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. Prelude
I.I – The End of Portuguese Monarchy
In the decade of 1890’s, with
the Berlin Conference,
Portugal lost some
significant amount of land
in its African Colonies.
The Portuguese People felt
that their interests where
no longer being defended
by the king and in 1908 the
King Carlos I is killed in a
regicide in Lisbon.
Image II.I-The Regicide
of 1908

4. ANGOLA MOZAMBIQUE
Image III.I- The “Pink Map”-Portuguese colonial Project for
the Berlin Conference; it connected Angola to
Mozambique, two former Portuguese Colonies

5. Prelude
I.II – The End of Portuguese Monarchy
In 1910, in the 5th of October, Portugal was
proclaimed as a republic. The first Republic
was portrayed as a time of political and social
turbulence.
Image IV.I – Portuguese
Monarchy Flag
Image IV.II – Portuguese
Republic Flag (current flag)

6. Image V.I– Proclamation
of the Republic Illustration

7. Image VI.I – Strike in the First
Republic Period – strikes
where very common due to
the poor quality of life of the
population

8. Prelude
I.III – The Coupe D'état
In the 28th of May of 1926, a military coupe
d’état set an end to the first Republic and
started a Military-Fascist Dictatorship, named
Estado Novo (New State).
Image VII.I – Coupe
d’état photograph.

9. Prelude
I.IV – The “Estado Novo” Regime
The Estado Novo was na authoriatarian regime
that governed Portugal under a dictatorship
from 1926 to 1974 (48 years);
It main character was António de Oliveira
Salazar, he was the dictator, although he was
never president.
Image VIII.I- Portatrait of Salazar

10. Image IX.I - A Lição de Salazar 1938 – The lesson of Salazar – Estado Novo iconic propaganda with the motto: “Deus, Pátria,
Família”( God, Fatherland, Family)

11. WWII ERA
II.I - Neutrality
During the Second World War (1939-45)
Portugal remained neutral.
Image X.I – world war 2 battle
photograph

12. WWII ERA
II.II – Relations with Allies
England
Since 1386, with the Treaty of Windsor, Portugal
and England maintain an alliance, and it is the
oldest alliance in the world that is still in force.
Image XI.I - Marriage of John I, King of Portugal and
Philippa of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st
Duke of Lancaster.(Wikipedia)

13. WWII ERA
II.II – Relations with Allies
Unites States of America
Portugal was the first nation to set and maintain
diplomatic relationship with the United States.
Both countries have maintained their relations
since 1791.
Image XII.I – U.S.A. and
Portugal flag pin.

14. WWII ERA
II.III – Relations with Germany
Portugal and Germany
Portugal and Germany, had partially the same
political ideology, although Portugal wasn’t
racist or anti-Semitic.
Image XIII.I – Hitler’s
Youth
Image XIII.II – Mocidade
Portuguesa ( Portuguese Youth)
One of the
similarities
between
Portuguese and
German
dictatorship
regimes were
the paramilitary
organization for
children.

15. WWII ERA
II.IV – Führer Directive No.18
On November 12, 1940, Hitler delivered Führer
Directive No.18 which was a plan to invade
Portugal if Britain gain a footing.

16. WWII ERA
II.V – Estoril Espionage
During the WWII Estoril became a center of
espionage and an exile for kings like Infante Juan,
Count of Barcelona, father of Juan Carlos I of Spain.
Estoril also became a famous tourist destination,
and it was the set for the first movie of James Bond.
Image XIV.I – The Estoril Palace Hotel was
where Ian Faming (British Spy) had the idea
to write James Bond.

17. WWII ERA
II.VI – Lajes Air Field
In WWII the Portuguese Air Field of Lajes, in the
Azores Archipelago was used by the USAF U
United States Air Force and by the RAF (Royal Air
Force) and was a crucial and strategic air base.
Image XV.I - USAF
airplane in Lajes

18. POST WAR ERA
III.I – Portuguese Colonial War
In 1960’s, with the end of WWII many African
colonies became independence so Portuguese
colonies wanted to become independent as well,
but the Portuguese government wouldn't allowed,
so in 1961 started the colonial war, that would only
end in 1974 with the carnation revolution.
Image XVI.I – Portuguese
military forces in African
colonies.

19. POST WAR ERA
III.II – Carnation Revolution
Portugal was still a dictatorship, now under the govern of Marcelo
Caetano (Salazar had died in 1970). Marcelo Caetano had a lighter
control and censorship policy and he wanted to reform the Estado
Novo (similar to Gorbachev with the Glanost and Perestroika program),
although the colonial war was still an issue that unpleased both the
Portuguese people and military.
Image XVII.I – Military
and civilians
photograph in the
Carnation Revolution

20. POST WAR ERA
III.II – Carnation Revolution
In the 25th of April of 1974 the military planned
a peaceful revolution the would end with a 48
years dictatorship.
Image XVIII.I – Photo of the
Carnation Revolution

21. BIBLIOGRAPHY
IMAGES
• I.I - http://purl.pt/93/1/iconografia/imagens/a7620/a7620_3.jpg
• II.I – http://www.laicidade.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/regicidio-01-a.jpg
• III.I – http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Mapa_Cor-de-Rosa.svg/2000px-Mapa_Cor-de-Rosa.svg.png
• IV.I - http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_bandeira_de_Portugal#mediaviewer/File:Flag_Portugal_(1830).svg
• IV.II – http://www.presidencia.pt/archive/img/bandeira_g.png
• V.I – http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Estremoz13.jpg
• VI.I – http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_EEwpx_2wmJ0/TK8Rl3Lk-0I/AAAAAAAAH4s/U3j-yK7K4Pc/s1600/greve.png
• VII.I – http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Desfile_de_tropas_28_de_Maio_1926.jpg
• VIII.I – http://osnovediasdesousamendes.com/images/videos/participantes_antonio-de-oliveira-salazar.jpg
• IX.I – http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FkIfAvw1ZQw/UePSuP50cbI/AAAAAAABACw/Qc8tNesX8-k/s640/1938-A-Lio-de-Salazar.2.jpg
• X.I – http://g-ec2.images-amazon.com/images/G/01/books/rando-ems/EyewitnessWWII-01._V389839556_.jpg
• XI.I – http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Casamento_Jo%C3%A3o_I_e_Filipa_Lencastre.JPG
• XII.I – http://www.gettysburgflag.com/images/PortugalDPin.jpg
• XIII.I – http://www.worldwar2stories-sheffield.com/resources/hilter_youth_mind_contol.jpg
• XIII.II – http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Uuyz9gWrEZ8/TBAbQEZmdjI/AAAAAAAAAw4/8RTXZO5YhQI/s1600/mocidade-portuguesa1.jpg
• XIV.I – http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ub22KUSsw24/Tyl-Zgo0hfI/AAAAAAAAJZs/AvArIJwS2TA/s1600/Estoril-Palcio-Hotel.12.jpg
• XV.I – http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/PB4Y-1_US-British_markings_Lajes.jpg
• XVI.I – http://0.static.wix.com/media/6530da_123ea317ca721909d2f2cc5d665dae69.jpg_1024
• XVII.I – http://www.canalibase.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o-dos-Cravos1.jpg
• XVIII.I – http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3205/2440278150_e49f52ed92_b.jpg
TEXT
• "Portugal - Countries - Office of the Historian." <i>Portugal - Countries - Office of the Historian</i>. Web. 13 Nov. 2014.
&lt;http://history.state.gov/countries/portugal&gt;.
• "Carnation Revolution." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Nov. 2014. Web. 13 Nov. 2014. &lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnation_Revolution&gt;.
• "Estado Novo (Portugal)." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Nov. 2014. Web. 13 Nov. 2014. &lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)&gt;.
• "Portugal in World War II." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Nov. 2014. Web. 13 Nov. 2014.
&lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal_in_World_War_II&gt;.
• "Estoril." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Nov. 2014. Web. 13 Nov. 2014. &lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoril&gt;.