The document describes the fundamentals of health assessment in nursing. It defines health assessment as a systematic appraisal of all factors relevant to a client's health. The purposes of health assessment are to establish a health baseline, identify problems, plan care, and provide a holistic view of the client. The processes involved include obtaining a health history, performing a physical exam using various techniques, and recording findings. The document also outlines different types of assessments and the primary methods used which are observing, interviewing, and examining.

1. FUNDAMENTAL OF
NURSING

2. Unit 8
Objectives
* Describe and purpose and processes of health
assessment
• Describe the health assessment of each body
system
• Perform health assessment of each body
system

3. HEALTH ASSESSMENT
• Purposes
• Process of Health assessment
a) Health history
b) Physical examination
(Methods – Inspection, Palpation, Percussion,
Auscultation, Olfaction)
c) Preparation for examination : Patient and Unit

4. Continue
d) General assessment
e) Assessment of each body system
f) Recording of health assessment

6. Introduction
• Health assessment is an essential nursing
function which provides foundation for
quality nursing care and interventions.
•It helps to identify the strength of the
clients in promoting health.

7. Continue
• Health assessment helps to identify
clients needs, clinical problems.
• To evaluate response of the person to
health

8. Definition
• Health assessment is refers to systematic
appraisal of all factors relevant to client’s
health. OR
• Health assessment includes collecting
subjective data through interviewing the
client and obtaining objective data by
physically examining the client

9. Purposes of health assessment
• Establish a data base for the clients
normal abilities risk factors, and any
current alterations in function.
•Plan strategies to to encourage
continuation of healthy patterns, prevent
potential health problems and alleviate
or manage existing health problems.

10. Conti
• To gather information regarding client’s health
• To determine client’s normal function
• To organize the collected information
• To identify the health problems
• To identify client’s strengths
• To idientify need for health teaching

11. Continue
• Provide the holistic view of the
clients
• Formulating conclusion or a problem
statement such as a nursing diagnosis.

12. Continue
• To collect data pertinent to the
patient’s health status e.g subjective and
objective data
• To identify deviations from normal
•To pointout actual problems
•To build Rapport with patient and family.

14. TYPES OF ASSESSMENT
• Initial assessment
• Focused assessment
• Emergency assessment
• Time lapsed -assessment

15. INTIAL ASSESSMENT
It is performed within specified time after
admission to a hospital.
The establish a complete data base for problem
identification , reference and future
comparison.
e.g. Nursing admission assessment

16. FOCUS or ONGOING ASSESSMENT
• on going or focused assessment is ongoing
process integrated with nursing care.
• Purpose The main purpose of ongoing or focused
assessment to determine the status of a specific
and to identify new or overlooked problem
• e.g. Hourly assessment of client’s fluid intake
and output chart

17. EMERGENCY ASSESSMENT
• Emergency assessment is life saving assessment
the major purpose of emergency assessment is
save the patient or client’s life.
• Purpose . To identify life- threatining problems
• E.g a rapid asessment of person’s airway b
breathing ,and cirulation during cardiac arrest

18. TIME-LAPSED ASSESSMENT
• Time lapsed assessment involves assessment
several days after first initial assessment.
• Purpose. To compare the client’s current status to
baseline data previously obtained.
e.g Reassessment of a client’s functional health
patterns in a home.

19. METHODS OF ASSESSMENT
• The primary methods used to assess client’s are .
OBSERVING
INERVIEWING
EXAMINING

20. OBSERVING
• Observation is a conscious,deleberate skill that is
developed only through and with an organized
approach.
• E.g. Client data observed through four senses
that is through vision, smell,hearing, and touch.

21. INTERVIEWING
An interview is a planned communication or a
conversation with a purpose.
e.g. History taking

22. EXAMINING
• The physical examination is a systematic data or
information collection method that uses
observational skills to detect health problems .
• The conducting the examination , the nurse uses
techniques of inspection ,auscultation, palpation
and percussion.