Intensive care unit (ICU) equipment includes patient monitoring, respiratory and cardiac support, pain management, emergency resuscitation devices, and other life support equipment . They are designed to care for patients who are seriously injured, have a critical or life-threatening illness, or have undergone a major surgical procedure thereby requiring 24-hour care and monitoring. Intensive care unit equipment includes Patient monitoring devices Life support and emergency resuscitation devices, and Diagnostic devices.

1. RESUSCIATION
EQUIPMENTS IN ICU

2. Introduction
•Intensive care unit (ICU) equipment includes
patient monitoring, respiratory and cardiac
support, pain management, emergency
resuscitation devices, and other life support
equipment .

3. Conti…
• They are designed to care for patients who are seriously
injured, have a critical or life-threatening illness, or have
undergone a major surgical procedure thereby requiring
24-hour care and monitoring.

4. TYPES OF DEVICES
Intensive care unit equipment includes
1) Patient monitoring devices
2) Life support and emergency resuscitation
devices, and
3) Diagnostic devices.

5. PATIENT MONITORING EQUIPMENT
• Arterial line
• Bed side monitor
• Blood pressure device (sphygmomanometer)
• Blood pressure monitor
• Electrocardiograph(ECG or EKG machine)
• Electroencephalograph(EEG machine)
• Intracranial pressure monitor
• Pulse Oximeter
• Glucometer

6. LIFE SUPPORT AND EMERGENCY RESUSCITATION
DEVICES
• Mechanical Ventilator
• Laryngoscope
• Airway
• Infusion pump
• Crash cart(Resuscitation cart)
• Intra aortic ballon pump (IABP)
• Continuous positive air pressure machine (CPAP)
• Defibrillator

7. DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT
•Mobile x-ray units
•Portable clinical laboratory devices
• Bronchoscope
•Colonoscopy
•Endoscope
•Gastroscope

8. OTHER ICU EQUIPMENT
Disposable ICU equipment includes
1. Urinary catheter
2. Urinary drainage collector
3. Suction catheter
4. Nasogastric (NG) tube
5. Intravenous(IV) line or catheter
6. Feeding tube
7. Breathing tube( Endotracheal tube)

9. Arterial line
• Arterial line placement is a
common procedure in
various critical care settings.
• Intra-arterial blood pressure
(BP) measurement is more
accurate than measurement
of BP by noninvasive means,
especially in the critically ill.

10. Arterial line
• Patients may require an arterial line
for: •
1.Monitoring continuous blood
pressure especially in patients with
hemodynamic instability.
2. When vasoactive medications are
needed and the responses to such
medications require continuous
blood pressure monitoring.
3. For patients who require frequent
blood sampling.

11. Potential Complications Associated With Arterial
Lines
1) Hemorrhage
2) Air Emboli
3) Infection
4) Altered Skin Integrity
5) Impaired Circulation

12. Central I.V catheters
• A central venous catheter is a
special IV line that is inserted
into a large vein in the body.
Several veins are used for
central venous catheters
including those located in the
shoulder (subclavian vein),
neck (jugular vein), and groin
(femoral vein)

13. Purposes of central vein I.V catheter
• when the patient either does not have
adequate veins in the arms or needs
special medications and/or nutrition
that cannot be given through the
smaller arm veins.
• Serve as a guide of fluid balance in
critically ill patients.
• Determine the function of the right
side of the heart.

14. Nurses role in patient with central I.V lines
1. Monitor for the signs of complications.
2. Assess for patency of the CVP line.
3. Sterile dressing should be done to prevent infection( CVP care
per the hospital protocol)
4. The length of the indwelling catheter should be recorded and
regularly monitored.
5. Follow strict aseptic technique when handling CVC.

15. BEDSIDE MONITOR
• A bedside monitor is a display of major
body functions on a device that looks
like a television screen or computer
monitor.
• The monitor is attached to wires, called
leads. At the other end, the leads are
attached to sensing devices attached to
the patient's body.
• The sensing device sends electronic
signals to the monitor, which displays
the readings for the specific body
function being monitored.

16. Bedside monitors
• The monitor is typically
used when the doctor
wants to measure
functions like the heart
rate, respiratory rate,
blood pressure and
temperature.

17. Electrocardiographic (ECG)
• Electrocardiographic (ECG)
monitoring is routinely used in
hospitals for patients with a wide
range of cardiac and non-cardiac
diagnoses.
• Besides simple monitoring of heart
rate and detection of life-threatening
arrhythmias, the goals of ECG
monitoring include detection of
myocardial ischaemia, diagnosis of
complex arrhythmia, and identification
of a prolonged QT interval.

18. Electroencephalography EEG
• Electroencephalography,
technique for recording and
interpreting the electrical activity of
the brain .
• The measurements given by an EEG
are used to confirm or rule out various
conditions, including:
• seizure disorders (such as epilepsy ),
head injury, Encephalitis brain tumor,
memory problems, stroke etc.

19. Intracranial pressure monitor
• Patients with brain injury of any etiology
are at risk for developing increased
intracranial pressure.
• Acute intracranial hypertension is a
medical emergency requiring immediate
intervention to prevent permanent
damage to the brain
• Intracranial pressure (ICP) data from
electronic monitoring equipment are
usually calculated and recorded hourly in
the clinical chart by trained nurses.

20. Complication
•Potential complications associated with ICP
monitoring include infection and brain
hemorrhage, which are very infrequent.

21. Pulse Oximetery
• Pulse oximetry is universally
used for monitoring patients
in the critical care setting.
• A pulse oximeter is the
device that measures and
displays the oxygen arterial
saturation.

22. Glucometer

23. LIFE SUPPORT AND
EMERGENCY
RESUSCITATION
DEVICES

24. Mechanical ventilator

25. Mechanical ventilatilator
•Mechanical ventilation may be required for a
variety of reasons, including the need to control
the patient’s respirations during surgery or during
treatment of severe head injury, to oxygenate the
blood when the patient’s ventilatory efforts are
inadequate, and to rest the respiratory muscles.

26. • A mechanical ventilator is a positive- or negative-pressure
breathing device that can maintain ventilation and oxygen
delivery for a prolonged period.
• . Nurses, physicians, and respiratory therapists must understand
each patient’s specific pulmonary needs and work together to set
realistic goals

27. INDICATIONS FOR MECHANICAL VENTILATION
• If a patient has a continuous decrease in oxygenation (PaO2),
an increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2), and a
persistent acidosis (decreased pH), mechanical ventilation may
be necessary.
• Conditions such as thoracic or abdominal surgery, drug
overdose, neuromuscular disorders, inhalation injury, COPD,
multiple trauma, shock, multisystem failure, and coma all may
lead to respiratory failure and the need for mechanical
ventilation.

28. CLASSIFICATION OF VENTILATORS
• Several types of mechanical ventilators exist; they are
classified according to the manner in which they support
ventilation.
• The two general categories are:
1. Negative-pressure
2. Positive-pressure ventilators.
The most common category in use today is the positive
pressure ventilator.

29. Complications of Mechanical ventilator
• Alterations in cardiac function
• Ventilator associated pneumonia ( VAP)
• Barotrauma (trauma to the alveoli) and pneumothorax
• Pulmonary infection

30. NURSING CARE PATIENT WITH MECHANICAL
VENTILATOR

31. Nursing care patient with Mechanical ventilator
• Promoting effective airway clearance.
• Suction appropriately
• preventing trauma and infection.
• Provide frequent position every 2 hours.
• Maintain ventilator tube patency and secure properly to
avoid displacement.
• Provide oral care 2 to 3 times per day.
• Assess respiratory, cardiovascular & neurological
system every 1 hour.

32. Nursing care patient with Mechanical ventilator
• Review of communications.
• Check ventilator setting
• Daily ABGs
• Assess pain
• Prevent infection
• Identify and prevent complications associated with Mechanical
ventilator
• Additional equipment readily accessible to the bedside:
1. Intubation equipment
2. Oxygen- wall and portable supplies
3. Battery operated suction unit

33. I.V INFUSION PUMPS

34. INFUSION PUMPS
• An external infusion pump is a medical
device used to deliver medications &
fluids into a patient’s body in a controlled
manner.
• Infusion pumps may be capable of
delivering medications & fluids in large
or small amounts, and may be used to
deliver nutrients or medications – such as
insulin or other hormones, antibiotics,
chemotherapy drugs, and pain relievers.

35. A number of commonly used infusion pumps are
designed for specialized purposes. These include:
• Enteral pump - A pump used to deliver liquid nutrients and
medications to a patient’s digestive tract.
• Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump - A pump used to
deliver pain medication, which is equipped with a feature that
allows patients to self-administer a controlled amount of
medication, as needed.
• Insulin pump - A pump typically used to deliver insulin to
patients with diabetes. Insulin pumps are frequently used in the
home.

36. Nurses role in patient with I.V infusion pump
• Using aseptic technique and universal precautions, iv infusion
should be set.
• Monitor the pump and patient frequently to ensure correct
operation.
• Keep the pump plugged in when possible to ensure that the battery
is fully charged at all times.
• Set the flow rate as prescribed calculating the amount of fluid.
• Observe for the signs of infiltration or other complications such as
thrombophlebitis.
• Fluid or electrolyte overload and embolism before administration.

37. Resuscitation Cart (Crash Cart)

38. Resuscitation Cart (Crash Cart)
•The Resuscitation cart contains all of the
equipment and medications needed for advanced
life support and CPR (cardiopulmonary
resuscitation).

39. PURPOSES OF RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH
CART)
• To enhance the Code Blue team’s response to patients with emergency
medical situations by providing immediate access to supplies and
medications.
• An emergency cart or crash cart is a cart that facilitates coordination of
emergency equipment.
• A specific crash cart type facilitates staff familiarity with equipment
• It is help to ensure a properly stocked emergency cart will be readily
available
• It also ensures a properly functioning defibrillator will be readily
available.
• It helps to save the valuable time at the time of emergency.

40. CONTENTS RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH
CART)
• Monitor/defibrillators , suction devices, and bag valve mask s
(BVMs) of different sizes.
• Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) drugs such as
1. Epinephrine
2. Atropine
3. Amiodarone
4. Lidocaine
5. sodium bicarbonate
6. Dopamine and vasopressin.

41. CONTENTS RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH
CART)
1. Drugs for rapid sequence intubation: succinylcholine or
another paralytic , and a sedative such as etomidate or
midazolam; endotracheal tubes and
other intubating equipment & different sizes of ET
tubes.
2. Drugs for peripheral and central venous access
3. Pediatric equipment (common pediatric drugs,
intubation equipment, etc.)

42. DEFIBRILLATOR