Planning and design of facilities for ships to discharge or receive cargo and passengers.
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD HARBOR
Classification of Harbor
Littoral drift
coastal current
Break water
Classification of breakwaters:
Harbours: History of water transportation, components of harbour, classification of harbours.
Introduction of Transportation Engineering
Harbours Engineering maximum data use for civil engineering students.
Characteristics of good seaport and principles of seaport planning, size of seaport, site selection criteria and layout of seaport, Dry ports, Bulk cargo, Transshipment ports, Port of call, Surveys to be carried out for seaport planning, regional and intercontinental transportation development, forecasting cargo & passenger demand, regional connectivity, cargo handling capacity of port.
Planning and design of facilities for ships to discharge or receive cargo and passengers.
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD HARBOR
Classification of Harbor
Littoral drift
coastal current
Break water
Classification of breakwaters:
Harbours: History of water transportation, components of harbour, classification of harbours.
Introduction of Transportation Engineering
Harbours Engineering maximum data use for civil engineering students.
Characteristics of good seaport and principles of seaport planning, size of seaport, site selection criteria and layout of seaport, Dry ports, Bulk cargo, Transshipment ports, Port of call, Surveys to be carried out for seaport planning, regional and intercontinental transportation development, forecasting cargo & passenger demand, regional connectivity, cargo handling capacity of port.
5. PORT AMENITIES & OPERATIONS (PHE) GTU 3170623VATSAL PATEL
Ferry, Transfer bridges, floating landing stages, transit sheds, warehouses, cold storage, aprons, cargo handling equipment, purpose and general description: stack area, single point mooring, IS provisions
FERRY
•A FERRY IS A BOAT OR SHIP USED TO CARRY PASSENGERS AND SOMETIMES VEHICLES & CARGO AS WELL ACROSS THE WATER.
•Other names water bus or water taxi.
•Depend on Length of route, passenger or vehicle capacity, speed requirement and water condition.
Types of ferries
1. Double-ended
2. Hydrofoil
3. Hovercraft
4. Catamaran
5. Ro-ro
6. Cruiseferry
Cargo Handling Equipment's
•Cranes
•Fork-lift Trucks
•Mechanical Trucks
•Tractors & Trailors
•Dock locomotives
•Piling & Stacking Machines
•Conveyors & Elevators
•Pneumatic Handling Equipment's
•Oil handling equipment
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
2. Contents
• Harbours: History of Water Transportation
• Components of harbour,
• Classification of harbours.
• Ports and docks .
• Modern trends in water transportation
3. Ports
• The term port is used to indicate a harbour
where terminal facilities, such a stores, landing
of passengers and cargo, etc. are added to it.
• Thus, a harbour consists of the waterways and
channels as far as the pier head lines and a port
includes everything on the landward side of
those lines i.e. piers, slips, wharves, sheds,
tracks, handling equipment, etc.
5. • The term free port is used to indicate an
isolated, enclosed and policed area for
handling of cargo; etc. for the purpose of
reshipping without the intervention of customs.
• It is furnished with the facilities for loading
and unloading; for storing goods and
reshipping them by land or water; and for
supplying fuel.
6. • Free port thus indicates an area within which
goods can be landed, stored, mixed, blended,
repacked, manufactured and reshipped without
payment of duties and without the intervention
of custom department.
• Depending upon the commodities dealt with or
their use, the ports can also be classified as
grain ports, coaling ports, transhipment ports,
ports of call, etc.
7. • Depending upon the size and location, the
ports can also be grouped as major ports,
intermediate ports and minor ports .
• A major port is able to attract trade and it
commands a really pivoted position for the
extension of communications.
8. Port Design
The design of a port should be made while
keeping in mind the following requirements:
The entrance channel should be such that the
ships can come in and go out easily.
The ships should be able to turn in the basin
itself.
The alignment of quays should be such that the
ships can come along side easily even when
there is an on-shore wind.
9. The width behind the quay should be sufficient
to deal with the goods.
There should be enough provision for railway
tracks to take care for loading and unloading of
cargo.
10. Requirements of a Good Port
• It should be centrally situated for the hinterland.
For a port, the hinterland is that part of the
country behind it which can be served with
economy and efficiency by the port.
• It should get good tonnage i .e. charge per tonne
of cargo handled by it.
• It should have good communication with the rest
of country.
• It should be populous It should be advance in
culture, trade and industry.
11. • It should be a place of defence and for resisting
the sea-borne invasion.
• It should command valuable and extensive trade.
• It should be capable of easy, smooth and
economic development.
• It should afford shelter to all ships and at all
seasons of the years .
• It should provide the maximum facilities to all the
visiting ships including the servicing of ships.
12. DOCKS
• Docks arc enclosed areas for berthing ships, to
keep them afloat at a uniform level, to
facilitate loading and unloading cargo.
• Harbours are prone to be affected by tides,
which may cause changes in the water level.
• If at low tides the level is sufficient as not to
ground the ships, the ships could be berthed in
these areas.
13. • Thus, in ports on the open sea coast protected
by an outlying breakwater, basins are formed
within its shelter fig. 1.
• In these basins, quay walls are projected at
right angles to the shore alongside which
vessels can lie and discharge their cargoes.
15. • Open berths : Where tidal ranges are very
marked and large, docks are formed by
enclosures. The water level in these enclosures
should be maintained at constant level by
providing locks and gates.
16. • Docks or WET docks are enclosed and are
shut off by entrances or locks to maintain a
fairly uniform level of water, and basins are
partially enclosed areas of water, which are
apprmrched by open entrances and are subject
to fluctuations of levels, due to tidal variations.
• These are also known as tidal basins (e.g.
Mediterranean sea) . The permissible tidal
range is about 15'-0".
17. Advantages of tidal basins
• (1) Vessels can come in and berth or leave at
all times.
(2) Costly arrangements like lock gates are not
required.
18. Advantages of wet docks
(1) Uniform level of water is maintained which
is very convenient ' for handling cargo.
(2) Prevents the rubbing of the ships' sides
against the quay walls.
(3) Effect of storms in the outer sea and harbour
do not obstruct the dock enclosure.
19. River ports
River ports are formed with quays alongside the
river banks, where the tidal effect is small. '
The river in this case serves as the basin
(fig. 2).
• When tide ranges are large in such rivers, wet
docks are constructed, with locks and
entrances, 'which retain the water level during
the fall of level in the river.
20.
21. Shape of decks and basins
• Should be of shapes formed by straight lines,
as curved lines arc not suitable for ships to
stand alongside.
• (i) Rectangular shape: The length and breadth
could be adjusted to give the maximum
quayage (fig. 3).
22.
23. (ii) Diamond shape
• For the same perpendicular distance between
the long sides, the long sides could be
conveniently extended (fig. 4) .
24.
25. (iii) Inclined quays type
• It consists of a number of projecting quays
into the basin or dock (fig. 5).
26.
27. Location
• Docks could be located, on inland ports of
rivers, at estuaries or on open sea coast.
• A site on the sea coast is preferable to one up a
river as at Calcutta, where navigation of the
Hugli river is difficult especially as the river is
congested with local traffic.
• A proper piloting service is necessary for this
purpose. The river approaches to the dock have
to be maintained.
28. Internal Arrangetnent
• Separate docks are usually required for
different kinds of cargo, as for example, coal
and oil should be dealt with separately, away
from general or food cargo.
• Flour acquires the smell of its surroundings
and should not be discharged near cargo, with
strong odor like salted fish.
29. Modern Trends in Water
Transportation
• Modern water transport is classified like
• (1) Foreign going oceanic
• (2) National inland water ways
• (3) costal shipping.
30. • Foreign going traffic had enjoyed the largest
expansion in modern times.
• Inland waterways have inherent advantages
such as being less expensive, energy saving
and no need for more investment.
• Inland waterways extend to 14,500 Kms.
comprising of a variety of river system canals
and backwaters. India has a vast coastline of
about 5500Kms.