The presentation topic is harbour dock engineering. It will be presented by Kashif Ali Khan, Izhar Ahmad, and Seyed Bakth Jamal Shah. A harbour provides shelter for loading and unloading cargo vessels and for vessel building, repair, and launching. Harbours are classified as natural, semi-natural, or artificial. Requirements of a good harbour include sufficient depth for all ship types, secure anchorage, breakwaters to reduce wave action, and an entrance wide enough for easy ship passage. Harbour planning requires thorough site surveys and consideration of local natural phenomena.

2.  PRESENTATION TOPIC:
HARBOUR DOCK
ENGINEERING
 GROUP MEMBERS:
KASHIF ALI KHAN
IZHAR AHMAD
SEYED BAKTH JAMAL SHAH

3. HARBOUR:
› SHELTERED AREA
› FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING OF CARGO
› VESSELS ARE ALSO BUILT, REPAIR, AND
LAUNCH

4.  CLASSIFICATION:
1. NATURAL HARBOUR
2. SEMI NATURAL HARBOUR
3. ARTIFICIAL HARBOUR

5.  NATURAL HARBOURS:
A harbor, is a place
where ships, boats, and barges can seek
shelter from stormy weather.

7.  SEMI NATURAL HARBOUR:
Same as natural but harbour
needs some artificial and man made
construction

8.  ARTIFICIAL HARBOUR:
Harbour having no natural
protection but artificial arrangement are
made to protect the harbour from storm
and wind.

10.  REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD
HARBOR:
› The depth of a harbor should be sufficient for
every type of visiting ships.
› The bottom of harbor should provide secured
anchorage to hold the ships against high winds.
› To prevent destructive wave action, break water
are provided.
› The entrance of a harbor should be wide
enough to provide the easy passage of ships.

12.  DEFECTS IN HARBOR:
› Depth of water is found insufficient for
different ships.
› The size of harbor is found insufficient to
accommodate the increased traffic.
› Obstruction
› These defects can easily be avoided at the
time of planning and designing.

13. SIZE OF A HARBOUR
Size depends upon:
# of ships
 length:275m-300m
 width:30m

14.  HARBOUR PLANNING
 It should be carried out after collecting
necessary information of the existing
features at the proposed site.
 Following important facts should be
studied.

15.  A thorough survey of the neighborhood
including the foreshore & depths of
water is necessary
 Nature of a harbor wether sheltered or
not, be studied
 The existance of sea insects & various
animals residing at site.

16.  Natural phenomena’s concerning
planning of a harbour are:
 Storms
 Rainfall
 Range of tides
 Maximum & minimum temperatures
 Direction & intensity of wind etc

17.  SITE SELECTION:
 Following factors play a
great role in the choice of site of a
harbour.
 1.Availability of cheap land &
contruction material.
 2.Natural protection from waves & winds
 3.transport & communication facilities
 4.industrial development of the locality

18.  5.Sea bed,sub soil & foundation
conditions
 6.Avaibility of electrical energy
 7.Defence & strategic aspects
 8.trafic potentiality of harbour

19.  FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION:
1. HARBOR OF REFUGE
2. COMMERCIAL HARBOR
3. FISHRY HARBOR
4. MILLITARY HARBOR OR NAVEL BASE

20.  HARBOR OF REFUGE:
The harbor used for ships in
storms or emergency condition.
good anchorage and safe and easy
access from the sea.
e.g: DOVER IN ENGLAND

22.  COMMERCIAL HARBOR:
Facilities for loading and
unloading of cargo are provided.
The may be:
1. Part of bigger complex harbor
2. Independent unit or single
commodity harbor.
3. Terminal as oil terminal, coal
port.

27.  FISHRY HARBOR:
Provided for fishing crafts and
trawlers.

28.  MILLITARY HARBOR:
This harbor is meant for
accommodating naval crafts and serves
as a supply deport.
The layout of this type of harbor is
greatly influenced by its location.

31.  FEATURES OF A HARBOR:
1. Entrance Channels
2. Berthing Basin
3. Break Water
4. Turning Basin
5. Pier Head
6. Wharves
7. Jetties

32.  ENTRANCE CHANNEL:
› Depth and width are kept more at entrance
› Width depends upon density of traffic and
no: of entrances

34.  BERTHING AND TURNING
BASINS:
› Berthing basins are used for the parking of
ships
› While turning for the turning of ships

35.  BREAK WATER:
› The structure constructed to protect harbor
from storm waves
› They are generally stone masonry

37.  PIER HEAD:
› The structure provided at the tip of break
water
› Such as light house

38.  WHARVES:
› The structure constructed parallel to the
shore or break water, having wide plate form
at the top
› Function is to permit berthing of vessel along
side for cargo working

39.  JETTIES:
› Same as wharves
› Used for loading and unloading of cargo
› Made usually from shore towards sea water
to prevent silting and dredging to allow free
flow of tidal currents

41.  DOCK:
› A dock is dug out and usually has gates so
that the water level is kept up even though
the tide has gone out.
› A dock is for mooring ships for cargo or
passenger exchange, or sometimes repair.

42.  HARBOR:
› A harbour may be natural or partly dug out,
or even made with floating materials. It
doesn't have gates, but may have a narrow
entrance.
› Provides safe anchoring or mooring for ships

43.  PORTS:
› A port is a location on a coast or shore
containing one or more harbors where ships
can dock and transfer people or cargo to or
from land.

44. THANK YOU