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- 1. HANDOUTS For Madina Books 2 and 3 Prepared by The Institute of the Language of the Qur’an (Toronto) Book 3 Book 2 (NO Copy rights reserved) Subject Inna ……………… ……………………. Emphatic Lam ...…... …………………. Laissa in Qur'an ………….. ………….. Triliteral Verbs ……………………....... Moods of Mudaria…………………....... Conjugation of Sound Verbs …………. Types of Khabar ………………............. Masdaru-Muawallu …………………… Verbs - Weak ………………………….. Conjugation Weak Verbs …………….. Classification of Verbs ………………… Page 1 4 6 7 11 12 16 17 22 25 33 Morphology and Syntax ………………. Conjugation of the Ten Measures ……. The Ten Measures - Meanings ………... Derived Forms of the Triliteral Verbs .. When dos the Jawab take FA …………. Exception ………………………… ……. Usage of Lee and Inda …………………. Coversation …………… ………………. Coversation2 …..……… ………………. Blouse Not Shirt ………………………... Nothing New …………………................. Glossary of Arabic Grammar Terms … 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 44 45 46
- 2. References from the Noble Qur’an for إن 2:173 surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ َ ﻏﻔﻮﺭ ﺭﺣﻴﻢ ﹶ ﹸ ﻥ 3:199 surely Allah is quick in reckoning. ﺴﺎﺏﻳﻊ ﺍﳊﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ َ ﺳﺮ ﹺ ﹺ ﻥ 2:20 surely Allah has power over all things. ﻳﺮﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ َ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻛ ﱢ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻗﺪ ٍ ﹶ ﹸﻞ ﻥ 7:56 surely the mercy of Allah is nigh (near) ﻳﺐﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺭﺣﻤﺖ ﺍﷲِ ﻗﺮ ﹶﹺ ﻥ 73:19 Surely this is a reminder 23:100 By no means (surely)! it is a (mere) word ﺗﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻫﺬﻩ ﹲ ﹾ ﻥ ﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔﹺﺇ ﹲ ﻧ ﹶ 37:64 Surely it is a tree ﻬﺎ ﺷﺠﺮﺓﹺﺇ ﹲ ﻧ 2:69 Surely she is a yellow cow ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﺻﻔﹾﺮﺍﺀ ﻬﺎﹺﺇ ُ ﹲ ﻧ ﹶ 4:145 Surely the hypocrites are in the lowest stage Inna ﺭﻙ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﺎﻓﻘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻨ ﹶ ﹺ َ ﺪ ﻥ Page 1
- 3. 41:33 I am surely of those who submit. ﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦﹺﺇ ﻧﹺ 19:30 Surely I am a servant of Allah ِﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲﹺﺇ ﻧ 2:14 Surely we are with you. ﺎ ﻣﻌﻜﻢﹺﺇ ﹸ ﻧ 2:153 Surely Allah is with the patient ﻳﻦﺎﹺﺑﺮ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ َ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟ ﺼ ﹺ ﻥ 3:19 Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam. 94:6 Verily, with every hardship comes ease. ﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲِ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﻟ ﹶ ِ ﻥ ﺪ 42:12 Lo! He is Knower of all things. ﻪ ﹺﺑﻜ ﱢ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻢﹺﺇ ٍ ﹸﻞ ﻧ ﺍﻳﺴﺮ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﺮ ﹺ ﻥ 2:156 Surely we are Allah’s and to Him we shall surely return. ﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥﺎ ِﷲِ ﻭ ﹺﺇﹺﺇ ﹶ ﹺ ﻧ ﻧ 15:45 Surely those who guard (against evil) shall be in the midst of gardens and fountains. 59:18 surely Allah is Aware of what you do. ﻮﻥﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﻘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺟﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﻴ ﻨ ﺘ ﻥ 2:195 surely Allah loves the doers of good. Inna ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﺎﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ َ ﺧﺒﻴﺮ ﹺﺑﻤ ﹶ ﹸ ﹺ ﻥ ﺍﳌﺤﺴﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺤ َ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲ ِﹺ ﺐ ﹸ ﻥ Page 2
- 4. ( ) ُ ْرة ا َ ْ اب ِ َُ ِ ِْ ْ ِ ا ِ ِْ ا ِ ا ﺎﺕﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻭ ﹸ ﻥ ﹸ ﺎﺕﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﻭ ﹸ ﹺ ﹸ ﺎﺕﺍﻟﻘﹶﺎﹺﻧﺘﺍﻟﻘﹶﺎﹺﻧﺘﻴﻦ ﻭﻭ ﺎﺩﻗﹶﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺎﺩﻗﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻭ ﺼ ﺼ ﺍﺕﺎﹺﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻳﻦ ﻭﺎﹺﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﻭ ﺼ ﺼ ﹺ ﺎﺕﺍﳋﹶﺎﺷﻌﺍﳋﹶﺎﺷﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﻭ ﻗﹶﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻗﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻭ ﺪ ﹸ ﺪ ﹸ ﺎﺕﺋﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺋﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﺎ ﺍﻟﻭ ﺼ ﺼ ﺍﳊﹶﺎﻓﻈﹶﺎﺕﺍﳊﹶﺎﻓﻈﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﺟﻬﻢ ﻭﻭ ﹸ ﺍﺕﺍﻟ ﱠﺍﻛﺮﺍ ﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﷲ َ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻟ ﱠﺍﻛﺮﻭ ﺬ ﹶ ﹺ ﺬ .ﺎﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﹶﺃﺟﺮ ﺍﷲ ُ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﺃﹶﻋ ﹰ ﻣ ﺪ 33:35 SHAKIR: Surely the men who submit and the women who submit, and the believing men and the believing women, and the obeying men and the obeying women, and the truthful men and the truthful women, and the patient men and the patient women and the humble men and the humble women, and the almsgiving men and the almsgiving women, and the fasting men and the fasting women, and the men who guard their private parts and the women who guard, and the men who remember Allah much and the women who remember-- Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a mighty reward. Inna Page 3
- 5. ﺪﺍﺀﺑﺘﻻﻡ ﺍﻹ ِ ِ ﺪﺍﺀﺑﺘ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻹis a lâm with a fathah prefixed to the mubtada’ ِ ِ for the sake of emphasis, e.g. ‘ ﻭﻟﹶـﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﷲِ ﹶﺃﻛﺒﺮAnd indeed the remembrance of Allah is the greatest ` (Qur’an, 29:45) ﹾ ﹾ ـﻜﻢـﺘـﺒ‘ ﻭﻷﻣﺔ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﹺﻛﺔ ﻭﹶﻟﻮ ﹶﺃﻋﺠAnd indeed a believing slave girl is better than a ﹸ ﹲ ﹲ َ mushrikah when though she might be pleasing to you` (Qur’an, 2:221). This lâm is not to be confused with the preposition prefixed to a pronoun, e.g., ـﻟ which has a kasrah, but takes a fathah when ، ﻟﹶﻬﺎ، ﹶﻟﻜﻢ، ﹶﻟﻚ . ﻟﹶـ ﹸ ﻪ Please remember that the ﺪﺍﺀﺍﻹﺑ ِ ﺘ ِ ﻻﻡdoes not change the ending of the mubtada’. Some examples from the Qur’an: 16:41 And indeed the reward of the Hereafter is the greatest ﻭﻷﺟﺮ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﹶﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﹾ َ 29:45 And indeed the remembrance of Allah is the greatest ﻭﻟﹶـﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﷲِ ﹶﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﹾ ﹾ ﻭﻟﹶـﻌﺬﹶﺍﺏ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﹶﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﹾ 39:26 And indeed the torment of the Hereafter is the greatest ( ﺍﻟ ﱠﻡ ﺍﳌﺰﺣﻠﻘﺔto slide, glide, slip and to roll = ) ﺯﺣﻠﻖ ﹶ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﻼ ﹶ We have seen lâm al-ibtidâ’ e.g. Now we want to use ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻥ ـﺘﻚ ﺃﺟﻤﻞـﻴﻟﹶـﺒ ﹸ ‘Indeed your house is more beautiful’. also in this sentence, the lâm has to be pushed to the khabar, as two particles of emphasis cannot come together in one place. So the sentence becomes ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻷﺟﻤﻞ ﹸ َ ﻥ ‘Indeed your house is more beautiful’. After its removal from its original position the lâm is no longer called lâm al-ibtidâ’ . It is now called ﺍﻟ ﱠﻡ ﺍﳌﺰﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﹶ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﻼ ( the displaced lâm ) or for easy remembrance ( the skating lâm! ). A sentence with both ﺇ ﱠand the lâm is more emphatic than the one with ﺇ ﱠor the lâm only. ﹺﻥ ﹺﻥ Here are some examples from the Qur’an: 29:41 Indeed the frailest of houses is the spider’s house 37:4 Indeed your God is One ﻮﺕﻮﺕ ﻟﹶـﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﻨﻜﹺﺇ ﱠ ﹶﺃﻭﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﺒ ﹶﺒ ﻴ ﻥ ـﻜﻢ ﻟﹶـﻮﺍﺣﺪﹺﺇ ﱠ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻬ ﹸ ﻥ 3:96 Indeed the first sanctuary appointed for mankind is the one which is in Bakkah (Makkah). ﻱ ﹺﺑﺒ ﱠـﺔﺎﺱ ﻟﹶـ ﱠﺬﻠﺑﻴﺖ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟ ﻝ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﹶﺃ ﻜ ﹶ ﻨ ﹺ ﻠ ﻥ ﻭ ﹶ 31:19 Indeed the harshest of all voices is the voice of the ass ﻮﺍﺕ ﻟﹶـﺼﻮﺕ ﺍﳊﻤﲑﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﹺﺇ ﱠ ﹶﺃ ﹺ ﹶ َ ﻥ ﹶ Emphatic Lam.doc Page 4
- 6. Some examples of ﹺﺇ ﱠand of ( ﺍﻟ ﱠﻡ ﺍﳌﺰﺣﻠﻘﺔThe skating lâm ) from the Qur’an ﻥ ﹶ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﻼ 15:77 Most surely there is a sign in this for the believers. 45:3 Verily in the heavens and the earth, are Signs for those who believe. 82:13&14 Indeed the righteous shall be in bliss and indeed the corrupt shall be in hell 63:1 The hypocrites are surely liars. 103:1&2 By the declining day, Verily Man is in loss. 14:39 Most surely my Lord is the Hearer of prayer: ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺔﻟﻚ ﻵﻲ ﺫﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻓ ﹺ ﹰ ﹾ ﻥ ﹶ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻵﻳﺎﺕﻤٰﻮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻲ ﺍﻟﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻓ ﹺ ﹾ ﹺَ ﺴ ﻥ ﻲ ﺟﺤﻴﻢﺎﺭ ﹶﻟﻔ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﻭﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﻟﻔ ﻲﺮﺍﺭ ﻟﹶـﻔﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﻷﺑ ﹴ ﹴ ﻥ ﹸﺠ َ ﻥ ﻮﻥﺎﻓﻘﻴﻦ ﻟﹶـﻜﹶﺎﺫﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﳌﻨ ﺑ ﹶ ﻥ ﹸ ﻲ ﺧﺴﺮﺎﻥ ﻟﹶـﻔﻧﺴﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﻹﻭ ﹴ ﹺ ﻥ ِ ﹶ ﻋﺎﺀ ﻲ ﻟﹶـﺴﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺭ ِ ﺪ ﺑ ﻥ 3:13 Most surely there is a lesson in this ﻟﻚ ﻟﹶـﻌﺒﺮﺓﻲ ﺫﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻓ ﹰ ﻥ ﹶ 11:79 And most surely you know what we desire. ﻳﺪﻧﺮ ﻚ ﻟﹶـﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎﻭﹺﺇ ﹺ ﹶ ﻧ 34:24 Lo! We or you assuredly are rightly guided or in error manifest. 3:62 Lo! This verily is the true narrative. ﻼﻝ ﻣﺒﻴﻦﻲ ﺿﻯ ﺃﹶﻭ ﻓﺎﻛﻢ ﻟﹶـﻌﻠﹶﻰ ﻫﺪﺎ ﺃﹶﻭ ﹺﺇﹺﺇ ﹴ ﹺ ﹴ ﻳ ﹸ ﻧ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﻟﹶـﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﺍﳊ ﹶﻖ ﹶ ﻥ 100:6,7&8 Most surely man is ungrateful to his Lord. And most surely he is a witness of that. And most surely he is tenacious in the love of wealth. ﻟﻚﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻮﺩ ﻭﹺﺇﻪ ﻟﹶـﻜﻟﺮ ﺴﺎﻥﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﻹﻧ ﹶ ﻧ ﹶﻨ ﺑ ﻥ ِ ﹶ 15:9 Surely We have revealed the Reminder and We will most surely be its guardian. 100:11 Most surely their Lord that day shall be fully aware of them. ﺎﻓ ﹸﻮﻥﺎ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻟﹶـﺤﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﹺﺇﹾﻟﻨ ﻧ ﺤﻦﺎ ﻧﹺﺇ ﻈ ﹶ ﻧ ﹾ ﺰ ﻧ 8:42 Most surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing; Emphatic Lam.doc ﻳﺪ ﺍﳋﻴﺮ ﻟﹶـﺸﺪ ﻟﺤ ﻪﻟﹶـﺸﻬﻴﺪ ﻭﹺﺇ ﹺ ﺐ ﹶ ﻧ ﹺ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﻟﹶـﺨﺒﻴﺮ ﻬﻢ ﹺﺑﻬﻢﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺭ ﹺ ﹺ ﺑ ﻥ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺍﷲَ ﻟﹶـﺴﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻢ ﻥ Page 5
- 7. Some Examples of ﹶﻟﻴﺲfrom Qur’an 3:36 and Allah knew best what she brought forth-- and the male is not like the female 3:167 They say with their mouths what is not in their hearts 3:182 because Allah is not in the least unjust to the servants 6:51 there is no guardian for them, nor any intercessor besides Him 7:61 He said: O my people! there is no error in me, but I am an messenger from the Lord of the worlds. 7:67 He said: O my people! there is no folly in me, but I am an messenger of the Lord of the worlds. 11:46 He said: O Nuh! surely he is not of your family 11:81 surely their appointed time is the morning; is not the morning nigh? 29:10 What! is not Allah the best knower of what is in the breasts of mankind. 29:68 Will not in hell be the abode of the unbelievers? 39:36 Is not Allah sufficient for His servant? 39:37 is not Allah Mighty, the Lord of retribution? 42:11 nothing like a likeness of Him; and He is the Hearing, the Seeing. 43:51 O my people! is not the kingdom of Egypt mine? And these rivers flow beneath me 46:32 and he shall not have guardians besides Him, these are in manifest error. 46:34 Is it not true? They shall say: Aye! by our Lord! 48:11 They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts ﻧﺜﹶﻰﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻭﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻛﺮ ﻛﹶﺎﻷﻭ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﺃﹶﻋﻠﻢ ﹺﺑﻤ ُ ﺬ ﹶ ﹶ ﻠ ﻲ ﻗ ﹸﻮﹺﺑﻬﻢﻳﻘﻮﹸﻟﻮﻥ ﹺﺑﺄﻓﹾﻮﺍﻫﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻓ ﹸﻠ ﹺ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﹸ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﻴﺪ ﹶﺃ ﱠ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﹺﺑﻈ ﱠﻡ ﹺ ﹶﻼ ﹴ ﹾ ﻥ ﻠ ﻻ ﺷﻔﻴﻊ ﻭ ﻟﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﹺﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﻦ ﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺭ ﻲ ﺭﻷﻛﻼﹶﻟﺔ ﻭﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﹺﺑﻲ ﺿﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﻳ ﺏ ﺳ ﹲ ﻨ ﹲ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﹶﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺭ ﻲ ﺭﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﹺﺑﻲ ﺳﻔﹶﺎﻫﺔ ﻷﻛﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﻳ ﺏ ﺳ ﹲ ﻨ ﹲ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﻪ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﹶﺃﻫﻠﻚﻮﺡ ﹺﺇ ﺎﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﻳ ﻧ ﹶ ﻧ ﻳﺐﺒﺢ ﹺﺑﻘﺮ ﺒﺢ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﻮﻋﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﹺﺇ ﱠ ﻣ ﹶ ﹺ ﹴ ﺼ ﺼ ﻥ ﻲ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﹶﻟﻤﻴﻦﺎ ﻓﹶﺃ ﻭﻟﹶﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﹺﺑﺄﻋﻠﻢ ﹺﺑﻤ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﻠ ﻳﻦﻟﻠﹾﻜﺎﻓﺮ ﻯﻢ ﻣﺜﻮﻲ ﺟﻬﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻓ ﹺ ﹾ ﻨ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﹺﺑﻜﹶﺎﻑ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﻠ ﻧﺘﻘﹶﺎﻡﻳﺰ ﺫﻱ ﺍﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﹺﺑﻌﺰ ﹴ ﹺ ﹴ ﻠ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻴﺮ ٌ ﹾ ﹶ ﺗﺤﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺎﺭﻧﻬﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻟﻲ ﻣﻠﹾﻚ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭ ﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲﻳ ﹺ ﹺ ﹶ ﻼﻝ ﻣﺒﻴﻦﻲ ﺿﺎﺀ ﹸﺃﻭﹶﻟﺌﻚ ﻓﻟﻴﻭ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﹶﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﹺﻧﻪ ﹶﺃﻭ ﹴ ﹺ ﹴ ُ ﺎﻨﺑﻠﹶﻰ ﻭﺭ ﺍ. ﻗﹶﺎﹸﻟﻮ ﺬﺍ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﺤﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻫ ﺑ ﻖ ﻲ ﻗﻠﻮﹺﺑﻬﻢﺎ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﹸﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﹺﺄﹾﻟﺴﻨﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻳﻘﻮ ﹺ ﹸ ﹸ ﹺِ ﹶ ﹸ 69:35 Therefore he has not here today a true friend, ﺎ ﺣﻤﻴﻢﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﹶﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻫﺎﻫﻨ ﹶﹶ 95:8 Is not Allah the best of the Judges? ﹶﺃ ﹶﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ ﹺﺑﺄﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﳊﹶﺎﻛﻤﻴﻦ ﹶ ﹺ ﹶ ﻠ 6:66 Say: I am not placed in charge of you. 33:32 O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other of the women; Laissa in Quar'an.doc ﻗﻞ ﹶﻟﺴﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﹺﺑﻮﻛﻴﻞ ﹴ ﹸﹶ ﹸ ﹾ ﺎﺀﺴ ﻛﺄﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻟﺴﺘ ﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺎ ﹺﻧﺴﻳ ِ ﻨ ﻦ ﹶﹶ َ ﻨﹺﻲ Page 6
- 8. The Unique Characteristic of the Second Radical ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ - ﻋof the Three Letter Arabic Verb ﹶ Arabic verbs are generally composed of three letters. The scholars of the Arabic grammar call these letters ﻲﹸ ﹶ as “THREE RADICALS”. Verbs composed of three radicals are called ﺛﻼﺛ .ﻓﻌﻞ ﹲ The verb َ ( ﻓﻌhe did) has been adopted by the scholars of Arabic grammar as the NORM ( Pattern, ﻞ ﹶ Model, Archetype, Standard or ﻥ ) ﻭfor the ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ٌ ﺯ ﱡ ﹶ . ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞThe letter “ ”ﻑrepresents the first radical, ﹸ “ ”ﻉthe second radical and “ ”ﻝthe third radical. َ ( ﻛﺘﺐhe wrote); here َـ ﹶ آ is the first radical or ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ , ﻓﺎﺀ ُ ﺕis the second radical or ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ and ﺏis the third radical or . ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶﹶ ﹶ Now the important fact is that in all the three letter verbs in their root form, which is the past tense (ﻲ, )ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﹶﺎﺿ ﹸ The first radical - , ﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔis always Fatah . ُ ﹶ The second radical The third radical - ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶﹶ ﹶ , may have any of the three vowel signs: Fatah, Kasrah or Dummah. , is again always Fatah. , ﺫﻫﺐfor instance, has Fatah on the second radical, ﺳﻤﻊhas a Kasrah and ﻛﺮﺏhas a Dummah. ﹶ ﹶ On the first and third radicals ( ) ﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻭ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔthe above verbs have Fatah. ﹶﹶ ﹶ ُ ﹶ Now the same characteristic of the second radical - - ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔof the past tense - ﻲ - ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﹶﺎﺿwill be ﹶ ﹸ observed when the three letter verb is put in the present tense - ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌ ﹸﻀ ﹺ . ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ That is to say that in the ﺎﺭﻉ - ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀpresent tense - the second radical - – ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔmay have a Fatah, Kasrah or Dummah. ﹸ ﹸ ﹺ ﹶ In other words, one can say that in the three letter verbs “ all the action takes place on the second radical ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ .” ﻋThis is very nicely and beautifully explained in the following verses. ﹶ Triliteral Verbs.doc Page 7
- 9. What is This Riddle in the Form of a Poem? Can you figure out the subject matter of it? ﻓ ﺘﺢ ﺿ ﻢ ﹶ ﻓ ﺘﺢ ﻛ ﺴ ﺮ ﹴ ﹶ ﹶ ﺎﻥﻓﺘﺤﺘ ﹶ ﺿﺿ ﻢ ﻢ ﻛ ﺴ ﺮ ﻓ ﺘﺢ ﹴ ﹶ ﹶ ﺎﻥﻛﺴﺮﺗ ﹶ Clue: It deals with the Second Radical – ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ Are you able to figure out what the poem really means? Try to memorize it. Triliteral Verbs.doc Page 8
- 10. The Unique Characteristic of the Second Radical ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ - ﻋof the Three Letter Arabic Verb ﹶ Fatah will change into Dummah ﺿ ﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ A changes into U Fatah will change into Kasrah ﻛﺴ ﺮ ﹴ ﹶ ﻓﹶﺘﺢ A changes into I ﺎﻥﻓﺘﺤﺘ ﹶ Or Fatah will remain Fatah A remains same A Dummah will always be Dummah ﺿ ﻢ ﺿ ﻢ U will always be U Kasrah will change into Fatah ﻓﺘﺢ ﹴﹶ ﻛﺴ ﺮ ﹶ I will change into A ﺎﻥﻛﺴﺮﺗ ﹶ Or it will remain same Or I will remain same I ﻮﺍﺏ = ﹶﺃﺑGroups. If in the ﻲ ﺍ ﹶﺎ ﳌﺿ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞthere is a Fatah on the ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹸ ﹶ it can change into Dummah in the ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌ ﹸﻀ ﹺ for example (Group A – U) ﻳﻨﺼﺮ : ﻧﺼﺮ it can change into Kasrah for example (Group A – I) ﻳﻀﺮﺏ : ﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ it can remain same for example (Group A – A) ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ But if it has Dummah on the ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ ﻋﻴﻦ it will remain same Triliteral Verbs.doc for example (Group U – U) has a Kasrah in ﻲ ﺍ ﹶﺎ ﳌﺿ it will change into Fatah in ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌ ﹸﻀ ﹺ : . ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ ﻋﻴﻦin ﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﹶﺎﺿthen in ﺎﺭﻉﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀ ﹸ ﹸ ﹸ ﹺ it will always have Dummah ﹶ If the ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ or ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ ﻡ ﻳﻜ : . ﻛﺮﻡ ُ ﹾﺮ ﹶ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ for example (Group I – A) ﻳﺴﻤﻊ for example (Group I - I) ﻳﺤﺴﺐ ِ Page 9 : ﺳﻤﻊor : . ﺣﺴﺐ ِ or
- 11. The Conjugation of the Present Tense - ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤ ﻀ ﹺ ﹸ ﹾ ﹾ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ُ He writes Dummah ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎﻋﻞ ﹸ But it can also be present in the sentence Suffix Hidden = NIL ﺘﺮﺘﻣﺴ Prefix (*) ﻱ They (2 men) write ﻥ ‘Alif’ of Dual ﻰﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻟﻒ( - ﹶﺃﺍ )ﹶﺃ ﹸﹶﻨ ﺍﻥ They (more than 2 men) write ﻥ ‘Waw’ of Plural ﺎﻋﺔﻭ )ﻭﺍﻭ( - ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤ ﹶ ﻭﻥ ﹶ ُ She writes Dummah ﻥ They (2 women) write They (more than 2 women) write ﺒﹺﻨﻲﻣ This form does NOT change But it can also be present in the sentence ﺎﻥ يﻳﻜﺘﺒ ﺎﻫﻤ َ ﹾ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ي ﻫﻢ َ ﹶ ﹾ NIL ﺘﺮﺘﻣﺴ ﺕ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﻲ ﹾ ‘Alif’ of Dual ﻰﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻟﻒ( - ﹶﺃﺍ )ﹶﺃ ﹸﹶﻨ ﺍﻥ ﺎﻥ ﺕﺗﻜﺘﺒ ﺎﻫﻤ ﹾ ‘Nun’ of the women kind ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ - ﻥ ﹶ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ ﻥ ﹶ ي َ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﹾ NIL ﺕ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻧﺖﺃ ﹾ ُ You (man) write Hidden - ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﻮ ﹾ Always Hidden Dummah Hidden = ﺘﺮﺘﻣﺴ You (2 men) write ﻥ ‘Alif’ of Dual ﻰﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻟﻒ( - ﹶﺃﺍ )ﹶﺃ ﹸﹶﻨ ﺍﻥ ﺎﻥ ﺕﺗﻜﺘﺒ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﹾ You (more than 2 men) write ﻥ ‘Waw’ of Plural ﺎﻋﺔﻭ )ﻭﺍﻭ( - ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤ ﹶ ﻭﻥ ﹶ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﺕ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ ﹶ ﹾ You (woman) write ﻥ You (2 women) write ﻥ ﺒﹺﻨﻲﻣ You (more than 2 women) write This form does NOT change ‘Nun’ of the women kind Dummah We (male or female) write ﻰﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻟﻒ( - ﹶﺃﺍ )ﹶﺃ ﹸﹶﻨ ‘Alif’ of Dual ُ I (male or female) write ﻴﻦ ﺕ ﻳﻦ ﺘﹺﺒﺗﻜ ﻧﺖﺃ ﹾ (ﻧﺖﻱ - )ﹶﺃ ُ Dummah ﺍﻥ ﺎﻥ ﺕﺗﻜﺘﺒ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﹾ ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ - ﻥ ﹶ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ ﻥ ﹶ ﺕ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻦ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ ﹾ Always Hidden Hidden = ﺘﺮﺘﻣﺴ NIL ﹶﺃ ﹶﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﹾ ﺎﺃﻧ Always Hidden Hidden = ﺘﺮﺘﻣﺴ NIL ﻥ ﹶ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻧﺤﻦ ﹾ (*) Sign of mudaria ( ﺎﺭﻉ ) ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤwhich comes in the form of Prefixes i.e. .ﻱ ,ﺕ ,ﺃ ,ﻥ ﻀ ﹺ ﹺ ﹸ ﹾ ﹶ To negate ﺎﺭﻉ , ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤthe particle , ﻻcalled ﻔﻲﺎﻓﻴﺔ( ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟ ,)ﻻ ﺍﻟis brought before it. For ﻀ ﹺ ﹸ ﹾ ﹾ َ ﻨ ﹸ ﹶ ﻨ example: The girl does not read: ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﹾﹺ The ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤ ﻀ ﹺ ﹾ ﺗﻘﺮﹸﺃ ﻻ ﹶ ﹾ . ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻞalso contains the meaning of future in itself along with present but prefixing it ﹸ with ﺱor ﺎﻝ( ﺳﻮﻑ )ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘmakes it for future only. For example: ﹾﺒ ﹺ The student will write ﺳﻴﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏor . ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ ﱡﻼ ﹾ ﱡﻼ ﹾ For the expression may write, the word his house: ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻗﺪ ﹶﺃﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﹺﱃ ﹾ ﹶ Triliteral Verbs.doc ﻗﺪ ﹶ is placed before ﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤ ﻀ ﹺ ﹾ or she may write to him: ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﹺﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ for example: I may go to ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺪ ﹾ ﹶ Page 10
- 12. ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﹸ ﹸ ﹺ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ َﹾ ﹸ َ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻼﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﹶ ﹺ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ َﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟ ﹸ، ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﹸﺛﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﹸ ﹾ ﺒ ﻨ ﹸ ﹺ ﹸ ﹺ ﹸ ﹾ ﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸ، ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ ﹸ ﺴﻜ ﹸ ﹶ ﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻳﺬﻫ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ: ﹾ ﹾ ﺐ ﹾ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﹶﺃﻭ ﻇﹶﺎﻫﺮ ﹸ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﺎ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﺎ: ﹶﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻨﻰ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹸﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥﹶ، ﹶﻟﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ: ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﻥ ﹾ ﻨ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﺗﺬﻫ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ: ﹾ ﹾ ﺐ ﹾ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﹶﺃﻭ ﻇﹶﺎﻫﺮ ﹸ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ: ﹶﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻨﻰ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹸﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﹶ ﹺ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺗﺬﻫ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ: ﹾ ﹾ ﺐ ﹾ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻮﺑﺎ ﹸ ﺟ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ: ﹶﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻨﻰ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹸﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥﹶ، ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ: ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻴﻦ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻲ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻲ: ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻞ ﹾ ﹺ ﹾ ﹺ ﹾ ﹺ ُ ﺘ ﹲ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎﻥ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ، ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﺎ: ﹶﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﻨﻰ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﹸﹶ ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻜ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻦ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻦ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻦ: ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﹶﺃﺫﻫ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﹶﺃﺫﻫﺐ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﹶﺃﺫﻫﺐ: ﹾ ﹾ ﺐ ﹾ ﺃﹶﻧﺎ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻦ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻦ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻦ: ﹾ ﹾ ﹾ ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ ﺘ ﹲ ﹺﻲ ﻫ ﻦ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ Remains unchanged in all Moods ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﹶ ﹺ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻮﺑﺎ ﹸ ﺟ ﻧﺠﻦ ﻧﺬﻫ ،ﹶﻟﻦ ﻧﺬﻫﺐ ،ﹶﻟﻢ ﻧﺬﻫﺐ: ﹾ ﹾ ﺐ ﹾ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻮﺑﺎ ﹸ ﺟ 11 Page Moods of Moods of Mudaria - P.doc
- 13. ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ: ﻧﺼﺮ )(Verb )(Root letters of the verb ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ : ﻥ ﺹ ﺭ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻨﺼﻮﺏ Must do ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﱂ ﻟﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻭﻥ ﹶ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﻧﺼﺮﺕ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﺮﺗﺎ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍ ﻫ ﻦ ﻧﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍﻥ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮﺍ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻭﻥ ﹶ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﺮﺍ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﺍ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﹺ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮﻱ ﹺ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻱ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍﻥ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮﺍ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﺍ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﹸﺍﻧﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻥ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﹶﺃﻧﺼﺮ ﹶﺃﻧﺼﺮ ﹶﺃﻧﺼﺮ ﹶﺃﻧﺼﺮ ﻧﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺮ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻨﺼﺮ ﻧﺤﻦ )(Active Participle 21 Page ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻧﺼﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ Don’t do Didn’t do Will not do )(Group: A-U ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ : ﻧﺼﺮ )(Passive Participle ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ :ﻣﻨ ﻮﺭ ﺼ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ )(Verbal Noun ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﻧﺼﺮ Conjugation Sound Verbs.doc
- 14. ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ: ﺿﺮﺏ )(Verb )(Root letters of the verb ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ : ﺽ ﺭ ﺏ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻨﺼﻮﺏ Must do ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﱂ ﻟﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺿﺮﻮﺍ ﺑ ﻳﻀﺮﻮﻥ ﹺﺑ ﹶ ﻳﻀﺮﻮﺍ ﹺﺑ ﺿﺮﺑﺖ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺿﺮﺑﺘﺎ ﻳﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﻫ ﻦ ﺿﺮﺑﻦ ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻦ ﹺ ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻦ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺍﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﺿﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﻀﺮﻮﻥ ﹺﺑ ﹶ ﺍﺿﺮﻮﺍ ﹺﺑ ﺗﻀﺮﻮﺍ ﹺﺑ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﻳﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﹺﺑﲔ ﹺ ﺍﺿﺮﺑﹺﻲ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺑﹺﻲ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﺿﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﺗﻀﺮﹺﺑﺎ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﺗﻀﺮﺑﻦ ﹺ ﺍﺿﺮﺑﻦ ﹺ ﺗﻀﺮﺑﻦ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻧﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻧﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻧﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻧﺤﻦ )(Active Participle 31 Page ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﹺ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺿﺮﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﺿﺎﺭﺏ ﹺ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ Don’t do Didn’t do Will not do )(Group: A-I ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ : ﺿﺮﺏ )(Passive Participle ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ :ﻣﻀ ﻭﺏ ﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ )(Verbal Noun ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﺿﺮﺏ Conjugation Sound Verbs.doc
- 15. ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ: ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ )(Verb )(Root letters of the verb ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ : ﻑ ﺕ ﺡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻨﺼﻮﺏ Must do ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﱂ ﻟﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻫﻢ ﻓﺘ ﻮﺍ ﹶﺤ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻮﻥ ﹾ ﹶ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﹾ ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﹶ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺘﺎ ﹶ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﻫ ﻦ ﻓﺘﺤﻦ ﹶ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻦ ﹾ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻦ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﹾ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻮﻥ ﹾ ﹶ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﹶ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﹾ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﲔ ﹾ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﻲ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻲ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﹾ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﺎ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻦ ﹾ ﺍﻓﺘﺤﻦ ﹾ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻦ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﹶﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﻧﺤﻦ )(Active Participle 41 Page ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﹾ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻓﺘﺤﻨﺎ ﹶ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ Don’t do Didn’t do Will not do )(Group: A-A ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ : ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ )(Passive Participle ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ :ﻣﻔﻮﺡ ﹾﺘ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ )(Verbal Noun ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ Conjugation Sound Verbs.doc
- 16. ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ: ﻋﻠﻢ )(Verb )(Root letters of the verb ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ : ﻉ ﻝ ﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻨﺼﻮﺏ Must do ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﱂ ﻟﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﹶ ﹶ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﹶ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺘﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﻫ ﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻦ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻦ ﹶ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻦ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﹶ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﹶ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻦ ﹶ ﺍﻋﻠﻤﻦ ﹶ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻦ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﹶﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﻧﺤﻦ )(Active Participle 51 Page ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﹶ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ Don’t do Didn’t do Will not do )(Group: I-A ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ : ﺳﻤﻊ )(Passive Participle ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ :ﻣﻌ ﹸﻮﻡ ﻠ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ )(Verbal Noun ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ :ﻋﻠﻢ ﹾ Conjugation Sound Verbs.doc
- 17. ﺍﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﹾﻟﺨﺒﺮ ﹸ ﹺ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﹾ )One Word (Not a sentence ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﻃﺎﻟ . ﻤ ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺁﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦﹺ. ﹸ Type of Khabar ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻤﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ Nominal Sentence ﹺﺑﻼﻝ ﹶﺃﻮﻩ ﻭﺯﻳ . ﹶ ﹲ ﺑ ﹺ ﺮ ﻓﹶﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻃﻔﻞ ﺻﻐﻴ . ﹸ ﹾ ﹲ ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ Verbal Sentence ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ. ﹶ ﺍﻟ ﱡﻼﺏ ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻠﻌﺐﹺ. ﹾ ﻄ ﹶ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ The Phrase coming as a Khabar ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ + ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺮ ﻇﺮﻑ ﹶ Prepositional Phrase Adverbial Phrase ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐﹺ. ﹾ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻤﺪ ِﷲ ِ. 61 Page ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷ ﻬﺎﺕ. ﻨ ﹸ ﹾ ﹺ ُﻣ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐﹺ. ﹸ ﹾ Types of Khabar
- 18. Original (noun of action, infinitive) Interpreted Original ALMASDAR ALMU’AVVAL = ( = ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﹶ = ﻝ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻭ ﹸ ﹸ ﹶ ﻮﺏ ﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﻝ ) ﹶﺃﻥ + ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀ ﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﺍﳌﺼﺪ ﺼ ﹺ ﹲ ﻭ ﹸ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ In English it is called the Verbal Noun. It is a noun formed from a verb but NOT serving as the verb of the sentence. There are three types of verbal nouns in English, namely: 1. Infinitive 2. Participle 3. Gerund. (For our understanding of ALMASDAR ALMU’AVVAL, we will study only the Infinitives and the Gerunds.) Infinitives: It is a verb form having the characteristics of both verb and noun and usually being used with to. The infinitive starts with the word to and is followed by the base form of the verb (the form you would look if you were looking the word up in a dictionary). * To learn Arabic is Muhammad’s goal. (“to learn” is an infinitive which acts as the subject of the sentence.) *Muhammad wants to memorize the Qur’an. (“to memorize” is an infinitive which acts as the direct object of the verb wants - Wants what? wants to memorize). We could say, then, the infinitive is a “verb – Noun”. It is like a noun because: a) it can be the subject, b) it can be the object of a verb. It is like a verb because: 1) it expresses an action, 2) it can have an object. An Infinitive can be the subject of a verb or an object. It may be governed by an adverb or by a preposition. If the Infinitive is formed from a transitive verb it can take an object. Gerunds: There is another part of the verb, besides the infinitive, that is partly a noun and partly a verb. It always ends in –ing; e.g. running, reading, talking. It is called the GERUND. Gerunds end in –ing and serve as nouns. *Swimming is good for health. (Swimming is a Gerund serving as the subject of the sentence). One can also change swimming to – to swim. (To swim is good for health) *Fatima loves cooking Biryani. (Cooking is a Gerund, acting as a direct object of the verb loves - loves what? = loves cooking Biryani). One can also change cooking to – to cook. (Fatima loves to cook Biryani.) A Gerund can be the subject of a verb or an object. It may be governed by an adverb or by a preposition. If the gerund is formed from a transitive verb it can take an object. Please read carefully the hand out of the AMASDAR ALMU’AVVAL in Arabic and see how the infinitive and gerund are formed in Arabic Language which is equal to: ﻮﺏ ﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﹶﺃﻥ + ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀ ﺼ ﹺ ﹲ ﹾ Masdaru-Muawallu.doc Page 17
- 19. ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻝ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭ ﹸ ﹶﺃﻥ ﻭﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ = ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﺆ ﻝ ﹾ ﹲ ﹺ ﺼ ﻭ ﹲ = Noun ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ) ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ( ﹺ ﹾﻌ ﹲ ﺼ ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ) ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ( ﹺ ﹸ ﹾﻌ ﹲ ﺼ ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺧﺮﺝ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ( ﹺ ﹾ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﱢ ﹴ ﹾﻌ ﹲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﹺﻲ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ) ﻓﹶﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ( ﹸ ﹲ ﹸ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﹺﻲ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺧﺮﺝ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﹶﺎﻋ ﹲ( ﹾ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﱢ ﹾ ﹴ ﻞ ﻧﺨﺮﺝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ) ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ( ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ ﱡ ﱠ ﹺ ﻧﺨﺮﺝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﹶﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ ﱡ ﱠ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ( ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﱢ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﻴﺔﹶ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲ( ﹾ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﱢ ﹾ ﹴ ﺃ ) ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ : ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ( ﹸ ﹾ ﹸ ﹾ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﻠﻪ ) ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺒﺮ ( ﹶ ﹾ ﱠ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﱢ ﹾ ﹴ ) ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ : ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﻠﻪ ( ﹸ ﱠ ﹶ ﹾ 81 Page Masdaru-Muawallu.doc
- 20. ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳ : ﹺﻦ ١( ﹶﺃﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ؟ ) ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ( ﱠ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾ ٢( ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ؟ ) ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ( َﹾﹶ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾﹸﹶ ۳( ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﺮﺏ ؟ ) ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺏ ( ﹺ ﹾ ٤( ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ؟ ) ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ( ﹶ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾ ) ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺭﹺﺳﺎﻟﺔ ، ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ، ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ( ﹶ ﹺ ﹺ ﹶ ﹺ ﹺ ﹶ ٥( ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺮﹶﺃ ؟ ) ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓﹶ( َ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾ ) ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ، ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ ، ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ( ﹺ َ ﹶ ﹺ َ ﹶ ﹶ َ ﹶ ﹸ ٦( ﻣﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﻌﺐ ؟ ) ﺍﻟﻠﻌﺐ ( ﱠ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾ ٧( ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ؟ ِ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﻛﺘﺐ ) ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ( ﹶ ِ ﹾ ﹾ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﻗﺮﹶﺃ ) ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ( َ ﹶ ِ ﹾ ﹾ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺣﻔﻆ ) ﺍﳊﻔﻆ ( ِ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ ﹶ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﻏﺴﻞ ) ﺍﻟﻐﺴﻞ ( ِ ﹾ ﹾ ِﹶ ﹶ ﻧﺴﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺳﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ) ﺳﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ( ِ ﹾ َ َ ﹺ 91 Page Masdaru-Muawallu.doc
- 21. ﹺﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻝ ﹶ ﹺ ﹸ ﻭ ﹺ )ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﺔ( ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﻴ ﹲ ﹺ ﹾ ُ ﹶ ﹶ ﻴ ﹶ ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹾ ﹶﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻊ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹾ ﻀﻤ ﹸ ﻭﻓﹶﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺃﻧﺎ. ﹸ ﻣ ﹾ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ. ﺴﻜ ﹺﻱ ﹴ ﹺﻲ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ. ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﺼ ﹶ ﹸ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭﻓﹶﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺃﻧﺎ. ﹸ ﻣ ﹾ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻝ ) ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺩﺭﺱ ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﻞ ﹴ ﹾﻌ ﹲ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭ ﹸ ﹾ ) ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ (. ﹺ ﹶ ﱡ ﻴ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﱡﹶ ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ﹾ ﻌ ﹲ ﺼ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ ﻴﹶ ﻧﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﹾ ﹾ ﹺ )ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﺔ( ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﹺ ﹾ ﹶ ﹲ ﻴ ﹲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ )ﻻ ﺍﻟﺎﻓﻴﺔ( ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ ،ﻻ ﻣﺤ ﱠ ﹶﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻞ ِ ﹺ ﺴﻜ ﻨ ﹸ ﹺﻲ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﻓ ﹶ ﹸ ﹾ ﻀﻤ ﹸ ﻥ ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﹶﺎﻳﺔ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ ﻱ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻨﹺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔ ﻮﻝ ﹺﺑﻪ ﺴﻜ ﻞ ﹴ ﹾﻌ ﹲ ُ ﺘ ﹲ ﻲ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹾ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ. ﺴﻜ ﹺﻱ ﹴ ﹺﻲ ﹶﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ. ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﺼ ﹶ ﹸ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭﻓﹶﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺃﻧﺎ. ﹸ ﻣ ﹾ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻝ ) ﹶﺃﻥ ﹶﺃﺧﺮﺝ ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ )ﹶﺃﻱ ﺍﹾﻟﺨ ﻭﺝ ( ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹸ ﺮ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭ ﹸ ﹾ 02 Page Masdaru-Muawallu.doc
- 22. ﹶ ﹲ ﹲ )ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ( ﻧﺨﺮﺝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﹶﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ ﱡﻼ ﻧﺨﺮﺝ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻊ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹾ ﻀﻤ ﹸ ﻭﻓﹶﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻧﺤﻦ. ﹸ ﻣ ﹾ ﻗﺒﻞ ﹶ ﹶ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺﻲ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹾ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ. ﺴﻜ ﹺﻱ ﹴ ﹺﻲ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ﺼ ﹶ ﹸ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ ﱡﻼ ﻓﹶﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟ ﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ. ﹺ ﹲ ﻓ ﹶ ﹸ ﹾ ﻀﻤ ﹸ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆ ﻝ ) ﹶﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺮﺝ ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺟ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠ ﻭﺭ ﻞ ﺮ ﺮ ﹶ ﹸ ﻭ ﹸ ﹾ ) ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ:ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ (. ﹾ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ ﱡﻼ ﹺ ﹶ ﹲ ﹲ )ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﺳﻤﻴﺔ( ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗ ﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﻴﺮ ﹶﻟﻜﻢ ﹾ ﺼ ﹸ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹾ ﺗ ﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺼ )481:2( Qur’an ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﻨ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻮﻥ. ﺴﻜ ﹺﻱ ﹴ ﹺﻲ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨ ﻮﺏ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﻥ ِﻷﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﹾﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ . ﹲ ﹺ ﺼ ﹶ ﹸ ﹺ ﹾ ﻨ َ ﻧ َ ﹺ ﹶ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤ ﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ. ﺘ ﹲ ﻞ ﹾ ﹴ ﹲ ﻭﺍ ﹶﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍ ﹸﳌﺆﻭﻝ )ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗ ﻮﻣﻮﺍ ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ ﹾ ﹴ ﹸ ﹾ ﺼ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﹶﻟﻜﻢ ﹸ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ) ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ: ﺻﻴﺎﻣﻜﻢ(. ﹲ ﹾ ﹸ ﺟﺎ ﻭﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺭ 12 Page Masdaru-Muawallu.doc
- 23. ﺍﻷَﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﺘ ﱠﺔ ﻠ ﹸ ﹸ ﹸ The Weak Verbs Group I - A Group A - A Group A - I Group A - U (ﺑﺎﺏ ﺳﻤﻊ )ﺱ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﻓﺘﺢ )ﻑ ﹶ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﺿﺮﺏ )ﺽ (ﻧﺼﺮ )ﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ : ﺳﻤﻊ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ : ﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ : ﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ : ﻧﺼﺮ He fell He granted / blessed ﻭﺿ ﻊ ﻭﻗ ﻊ ﹶ ﻭﻫﺐ He arrived / reached He promised He stopped / stood He weighed ﻭﺻﻞ ﹶ ﻭﻋﺪ ﻭﻗ ﻒ ﹶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﹶ ﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﹶ He sold ﺎﻉﺑ He was ﻛﹶﺎﻥ ﹶ ﻛﹶﺎﺩ He walked ﺎﺭﺳ He got up ﻗﹶﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺯ ﹶ He lived ﺎﺵﻋ He visited ﺍﺭﺯ He was / remained absent ﻏﹶﺎﺏ He tasted ﺫﹶﺍﻕ ﻛﹶﺎﻝ ﹶ He went around ﻃﹶﺎﻑ ﺍﺩﺯ He fasted ﺎﻡﺻ ﺎﺏﺗ (ﺍﺩﺎﺀ )ﹶﺃﺭ َﺷ He forgot ﻧﺴﻲ ِ He remained ﺑﻘﻲ He feared ﺧﺸ ﻲ He met He saw ﺭﺃﹶﻯ He walked ﻰﻣﺸ He invited ﺎﺩﻋ He forbade / prevented ﻰﻧﻬ He ran ﻯﺟﺮ He complained ﺷﻜﹶﺎ He attempted / moved / ran ﻰﺳﻌ He threw ﻰﺭﻣ He recited ﺗﻼ ﹶ He wept ﺑﻜﹶﻰ He erased ﺎﻣﺤ He forgave ﻋﻔﹶﺎ He hoped ﺎﺭﺟ ﹶﻟﻘﻲ He came (ﻰ )ﺟﺎﺀﹶﺃﺗ َ He gave (someone) to drink, to irrigate, to water He built ﺳﻘﹶﻰ ﻰﺑﻨ He guided bought Verbs - Weak.doc ﻯﺍﺷﺘﺮ he purchased / ﻯﻃﻮ ﹶ He ironed Also Please conjugate ﻯﻫﺪ He folded ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ He willed / wanted He said / told He repented He was about to do He stopped doing / ceased ﺎﺀﺟ َ He measured He increased He feared He came ﺎﻑﺧ He slept ﺍ ﻷﺟ ﻮ ﻑ َ ﺎﻡﻧ ﻭﺟ ﺪ He found ﺜﺎﻝﺍﳌ ﹸ He placed / put ﻯﻛﻮ ﹶ He guarded / shielded / protected He spent / passed ﻭﻗﹶﻰ ﻰﻗﻀ ﹶ Page 22
- 24. ﺑﺎﺏ ﻭﺟﺪ ﻳﺰﻥ ﹺﹸ ﺯﻥ ﹺﹾ ﻳﺰﻥ ﹺﹾ ﻳﺰﻥ ﹺﹶ ﻭﺍﺯﻥ ﹺﹲ ﻣﻮﺯﻭﻥ ﹲ /He placed put ﻳﻀﻊ ﺿﻊ ﻳﻀﻊ ﻳﻀﻊ ﻭﺍﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻳﻘﻊ ﹶ ﻗﻊ ﹶ ﻳﻘﻊ ﹶ ﻳﻘﻊ ﹶ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﹸ /He granted blessed ﻳﻬﺐ ﻫﺐ ﻳﻬﺐ ﻳﻬﺐ ﻭﺍﻫﺐ ﻣﻮﻫﻮﺏ ﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﹶ He said/ told ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﹸ ﹸ ﻗﻞ ﹸﹾ ﻳﻘﻞ ﹸﹾ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﹸ ﹶ ﻗﹶﺎﺋﻞ ﹲ ﻣﻘﻮﻝ ﹸ ﹲ ﻛﹶﺎﻥ ﹶ He was ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﹸﹸ ﻛﻦ ﹸ ﻳﻜﻦ ﹸ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﹸﹶ ﻛﹶﺎﺋﻦ ﻗﹶﺎﻡ He got up ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﹸ ﻗﻢ ﹸ ﻳﻘﻢ ﹸ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﹸ ﻗﹶﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﻮﻡ ﹸ ﺯﺍﺭ He visited ﻳﺰﻭﺭ ﺯﺭ ﻳﺰﺭ ﻳﺰﻭﺭ ﺯﺍﺋﺮ ﻣﺰﻭﺭ ﺫﹶﺍﻕ He tasted ﻳﺬﻭﻕ ﹸ ﺫﻕ ﹸ ﻳﺬﻕ ﹸ ﻳﺬﻭﻕ ﹸ ﺫﹶﺍﺋﻖ ﻣﺬﻭﻕ ﹸ ﻃﹶﺎﻑ He went around ﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﹸ ﻃﻒ ﹸ ﻳﻄﻒ ﹸ ﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﹸ ﻃﹶﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﻄﻮﻑ ﹸ ﺻﺎﻡ He fasted ﻳﺼﻮﻡ ﺻﻢ ﻳﺼﻢ ﻳﺼﻮﻡ ﺻﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﺼ ﻮ ﻡ ﺗﺎﺏ He repented ﻳﺘﻮﺏ ﺗﺐ ﻳﺘﺐ ﻳﺘﻮﺏ ﺗﺎﺋﺐ ﺟﺎﺀ َ He came ﻳﺠﻲﺀ ﹺ ُ ﺟﺊ ﹺﹾ ﻳﺠﺊ ﹺﹾ ﻳﺠﻲﺀ ﹺ َ ﺟﺎﺀ ٍ ﻣﺠﻲﺀ ﹺ ٌ ﺑﺎﻉ He sold ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﹺ ﹺﺑﻊ ﻳﺒﻊ ﹺ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﹺ ﺑﺎﺋﻊ ﻣﺒﻴﻊ ﹺ ﺳﺎﺭ He walked ﻳﺴﻴﺮ ِ ﺳﺮ ﻳﺴﺮ ِ ﻳﺴﻴﺮ ِ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ِ ﻋﺎﺵ He lived ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﻋﺶ ﻳﻌﺶ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﻋﺎﺋﺶ ﻣﻌﻴﺶ ﻏﹶﺎﺏ /He was remained absent ﻳﻐﻴﺐ ﻏﺐ ﻳﻐﺐ ﻳﻐﻴﺐ ﻏﹶﺎﺋﺐ ﻣﻐﻴﺐ ﻛﹶﺎﻝ ﹶ He measured ﻳﻜﻴﻞ ﹸ ﻛﻞ ﹾ ﻳﻜﻞ ﹾ ﻳﻜﻴﻞ ﹶ ﻛﹶﺎﺋﻞ ﹲ ﻣﻜﻴﻞ ﹲ ﺯﺍﺩ He increased ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﹺ ﺯﺩ ﹺ ﻳﺰﺩ ﹺ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﹺ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﹺ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺿﺮ ﺏ He weighed ﻭﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺟﻮﻑ /He stopped stood ﻳﻘﻒ ﻗﻒ ﻳﻘﻒ ﻳﻘﻒ ﻭﺍﻗﻒ ﻣ ﻮﻗ ﻮ ﻑ ﹸ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻧﺼﺮ ﻭﻋﺪ He promised ﻳﻌﺪ ﻋﺪ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﻋﺪ ﻣﻮﻋﻮﺩ ﻭﺯﻥ ﹶ ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ /He arrived reached ﻳﺼﻞ ﹸ ﺻﻞ ﹾ ﻳﺼﻞ ﹾ ﻳﺼﻞ ﹶ ﻭﺍﺻﻞ ﹲ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﹸ ﻭﻗﻒ ﹶ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ He found ﻳﺠﺪ ﹺ ﺟﺪ ﹺ ﻳﺠﺪ ﹺ ﻳﺠﺪ ﹺ ﻭﺍﺟﺪ ﹺ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﺻﻞ ﹶ ﺿﺮ ﺏ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺃﻣﺮ ﱂ ﻟﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ He slept ﻳﻨﺎﻡ ﻧﻢ ﻳﻨﻢ ﻳﻨﺎﻡ ﻧﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻨﻮﻡ ﻳﺨﺎﻑ ﺧﻒ ﻳﺨﻒ ﻳﺨﺎﻑ ﺧﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺨﻮﻑ ﻛﹶﺎﺩ He was about to do ﻳﻜﺎﺩ ﹶ ﻛﺪ ﹶ ﻳﻜﺪ ﹶ ﻳﻜﹶﺎﺩ ﻛﹶﺎﺋﺪ ﻣﻜﻮﺩ ﹸ ﺯﺍﻝ ﹶ He stopped doing/ceased ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﹸ ﺯﻝ ﹾ ﻳﺰﻝ ﹾ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﹶ ﺯﺍﺋﻞ ﹲ ﻣﺰﻭﻝ ﹲ ﺷﺎﺀ َ /He willed wanted ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ُ ﺷﺄ ﹾ ﻳﺸﺄ ﹾ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ َ ﺷﺎﺀ ٍ ﻭﻗ ﻊ ﹶ ﺧﺎﻑ ﺳﻤﻊ 32 Page He fell He feared Verbs - Weak.doc