Madina book2-notes

1. ّٓ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫م‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ب‬‫م‬ْ‫ح‬ َّ‫الر‬ ِ‫ه‬ِ‫م‬ْ‫ي‬ ِ‫ح‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ن‬
ARIC – Arabic Class Notes
Part 6 (ver. 11)
1
TopicsTopics
‫ا‬‫ه‬ُ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫و‬‫خ‬ّّ‫ا‬‫و‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
Interrogative “Or” – ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬
“Having” or “Possessing” ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬
“He/It is not” – ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬
Comparative & Superlative degrees ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫فض‬ َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬
Numbers 11 – 20
The Verbal Sentence – ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
Present and Future Tense Verb – ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ ‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
Moods of Verbs
Imperative Verb – ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
Visit resourcemoreforwww.AbdurRahman.org

2. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11)
Revision History
2
Date Ver Author Revision Comments
Aug. 8, 2010 1 Zahid Naeem Initial version. ‫ا‬‫ه‬ُ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫و‬‫خ‬ّّ‫ا‬‫و‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
Aug. 14, 2010 2 Zahid Naeem Added slides for Interrogative “Or” and ‫يس‬‫ل‬
Aug. 28, 2010 3 Zahid Naeem Added slides for ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ and ِ‫يل‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬
Sep. 26, 2010 4 Zahid Naeem Added slides for numbers 11-20 and the verbal sentence
Nov. 13, 2010 5 Zahid Naeem Added slides for Present Tense Verb - ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
Jan. 8, 2011 6 Zahid Naeem Added slides for Moods of Verbs
Jan. 16, 2011 7 Zahid Naeem Added a slide for Present tense moods + minor corrections
Jan. 22, 2011 8 Zahid Naeem Added slides for Imperative Verb – ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
Jan. 29, 2011 9 Zahid Naeem Updated slides for Imperative Verb – ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
Feb. 26, 2011 10 Zahid Naeem Updated slides for Present Tense Verb - ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
Apr. 30, 2011 11 Zahid Naeem Updated slides for Present Tense Moods
ِ‫ه‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫يل‬ِ‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬There are no copyrights reserved for this material. You may make copies and distribute them Fi Sabilillah – ِ‫ه‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫يل‬ِ‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
Report any errors, omissions or suggestions to arabic.aric@gmail.com

3. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 3
Particle of Emphasis and Accusative Case َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬(‫صب‬‫ن‬‫و‬ ‫يد‬ِ‫ك‬‫و‬‫ت‬ ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬)
 َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ has many meanings, e.g. indeed, verily, truly, surely, …
 It is only used in a nominal sentence (ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬ ِ‫الإ‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬)
 It is a particle of emphasis
 It makes the subject ( ‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬) of the sentence accusative (‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬)
 The analysis of the nominal sentence changes as follows, when it
contains َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
new The book
‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫ال‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
new The book Indeed
‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫ال‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
‫يد‬ِ‫ك‬‫و‬‫ت‬ ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬
‫صب‬‫ن‬‫و‬
‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬

4. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 4
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ with Attached Pronouns (‫ة‬‫ل‬ِ‫ص‬َّ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ئ‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ض‬)َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ with Attached Pronouns (‫ة‬‫ل‬ِ‫ص‬َّ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ئ‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ض‬)
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫ه‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫َّه‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫َّك‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ك‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ُم‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫َّك‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ِ‫ك‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ك‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ُم‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ك‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ك‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬–ْ‫ِّي‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ْ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫َّن‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬–‫َّا‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬
Please note the two
different variations for
these two pronouns
doctor Indeed he
‫يب‬ِ‫ب‬‫ط‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
‫يد‬ِ‫ك‬‫و‬‫ت‬ ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬
‫صب‬‫ن‬‫و‬
The pronoun (‫ير‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬) is
always ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ when it is
attached to َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬
Same analysis
applies to all
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬

5. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 5
Sisters of َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ (َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫ات‬‫و‬‫خ‬ّّ‫ا‬ )
 The following words are called “Sisters of َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬” because grammatically
they act like َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬, i.e. they make the noun following them ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬
 َّ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ ،َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ك‬‫ل‬ ،َّ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ك‬ ،‫يت‬‫ل‬ ،َّ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
easy The examination I hope
‫هل‬‫س‬ ‫ان‬‫ح‬ِ‫ت‬‫م‬ِ‫الإ‬ َّ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
َّ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
َّ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ‫؟‬
‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬

6. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 6
Interrogative “Or” – ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬Interrogative “Or” – ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬
 ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ means “or” and is used in an interrogative sentence.
… Choice 2 ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ … Choice 1 ّّ‫ا‬
Is this a masjid or a house? ‫ا‬‫ذ‬‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ِ‫سج‬‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬‫؟‬‫يت‬‫ب‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬
Are you from Germany or France? ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫الم‬ ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا؟‬‫نس‬‫ر‬ِ‫ف‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬
 This construction requires that nothing comes between ّّ‫ا‬ and the first
choice and between ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ and the second choice
‫س‬ِّ‫ر‬‫د‬ُ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫يب‬ِ‫ب‬‫ط‬ ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ ّّ‫ا‬
‫س‬ِّ‫ر‬‫د‬ُ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫يب‬ِ‫ب‬‫ط‬ ّّ‫ا‬
 In a non-interrogative sentence, ْ‫و‬ّّ‫ا‬ is used for ‘or’
I heard the teacher or the principal ‫س‬ِّ‫ر‬‫د‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫عت‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬‫ير‬ِ‫د‬ُ‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ْ‫و‬ّّ‫ا‬

7. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 7
Examples from Quran – ّّ‫ا‬...ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬...Examples from Quran – ّّ‫ا‬...ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬...
As to those who reject Faith, it is the
same to them whether thou warn
them or do not warn them; they will
not believe. (2:6)
‫ل‬‫ع‬ ‫اء‬‫و‬‫س‬ ‫وا‬ُ‫ر‬‫ف‬‫ك‬ ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬َّ‫ل‬‫ا‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ي‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ت‬ْ‫ر‬‫نذ‬ّّ‫ا‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬‫ل‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ر‬ِ‫ذ‬‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ون‬ُ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬‫﴿البقرة‬:٦﴾
Have they feet to walk with? Or hands
to lay hold with? Or eyes to see with?
Or ears to hear with? Say: "Call your
'god-partners', scheme (your worst)
against me, and give me no respite!
(7:195)
‫ل‬ُ‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬ۖ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫ش‬ْ‫م‬‫ي‬‫د‬ْ‫ي‬ّّ‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ون‬ُ‫ش‬ِ‫ط‬ْ‫ب‬‫ي‬
ۖ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬‫ن‬ُ‫ي‬ْ‫ع‬ّّ‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬ۖ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫ر‬ِ‫ص‬ْ‫ب‬ُ‫ي‬‫ان‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬
ۗ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬...‫عراف‬‫﴿الإ‬:١٩٥﴾
Say: "Is that best, or the eternal
garden, promised to the righteous? for
them, that is a reward as well as a goal
(of attainment). (25:15)
ْ‫ل‬ُ‫ق‬‫ك‬ِ‫ل‬‫ذ‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ي‬‫خ‬ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ن‬‫ج‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬‫د‬ِ‫ع‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ت‬َّ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ِ‫د‬ْ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫ا‬ً‫ير‬ِ‫ص‬‫م‬‫و‬ ً‫اء‬‫ز‬‫ج‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ ْ‫ت‬‫ان‬‫ك‬ ۚ ‫ُون‬‫ق‬َّ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫﴿الفرقان‬:١٥﴾
Did you mislead these, My servants, or
did they [themselves] stray from the
way? (25:17)
...ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫ء‬‫إ‬‫ل‬ُ‫ؤ‬‫ـ‬‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ب‬ِ‫ع‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ْ‫ض‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ْ‫م‬ّّ‫ا‬‫وا‬ُّ‫ل‬‫ض‬
‫يل‬ِ‫ب‬َّ‫الس‬‫﴿الفرقان‬:١٧﴾

8. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 8
“He/It is not” – ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬“He/It is not” – ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬
 ‫يس‬‫ل‬ is verb
 It is an incomplete verb (‫ص‬ِ‫اق‬‫ن‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬), because it does not convey the
complete meaning.
 It requires a predicate (‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬) to complete its meaning.
 It is used in a sentence as follows
new The book
‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫ال‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
new The book not
ِ‫ب‬‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫الك‬ ‫يس‬‫ل‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
،‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬‫و‬ ٌّ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
،ِ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬ ُ‫ه‬‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ص‬ِ‫اق‬‫ن‬
new The book not
ً‫ا‬‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫ال‬ ‫يس‬‫ل‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ص‬ِ‫اق‬‫ن‬
‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬
OROR
 The ‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ usually takes a ‫ـ‬ِ‫ب‬, but it can also be without one. In the latter
case, the ‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ will be ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬.

9. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 9
Conjugation for ‫يس‬‫ل‬Conjugation for ‫يس‬‫ل‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ Suffix
‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ْ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ُ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ْ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫ت‬‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ ْ‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ْ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ت‬‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ْ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ْ‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ن‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ِ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ُ‫ت‬ ُ‫ت‬ ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬
‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬+‫ن‬ ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬+‫ن‬
‫ن‬ْ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ن‬ْ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬
‫ن‬ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ن‬ْ‫س‬‫ل‬
Starting with َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ , the
‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ل‬ gets a ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُ‫س‬
Since ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ع‬ already had ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُ‫س‬,
this results in ِ‫ين‬‫ن‬ِ‫ك‬‫ا‬َّ‫الس‬ ُ‫اء‬‫ق‬ِ‫ت‬‫ل‬ِ‫ا‬ (the
meeting of the two sukun).
This is not permissible in
Arabic, so the week letter ‫ي‬ is
dropped
This applies to the ‫ك‬ِّ‫ر‬‫ح‬‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ group

10. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11)
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬
10
More on ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬More on ‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬
doctor I not
ِ‫ب‬‫يب‬ِ‫ب‬‫ط‬ ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ُ‫ت‬
ُ‫ه‬‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬ ،‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬‫و‬ ٌّ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ِ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
‫ص‬ِ‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
doctor I not I
ِ‫ب‬‫يب‬ِ‫ب‬‫ط‬ ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫لج‬‫ا‬
new The book not
ِ‫ب‬‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫الك‬ ‫يس‬‫ل‬
ُ‫ه‬‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬ ،‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬‫و‬ ٌّ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ِ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
‫ص‬ِ‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
new not The book
ِ‫ب‬‫يد‬ِ‫د‬‫ج‬ ‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫الك‬
ُ‫ه‬‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬ ،‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬‫و‬ ٌّ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ِ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫لج‬‫ا‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
ُ‫ه‬‫ب‬ِ‫ش‬ ،‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬‫و‬ ٌّ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬ ،ِ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
‫ص‬ِ‫اق‬‫ن‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
،‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫يس‬‫ل‬ ُ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬
‫ص‬ِ‫اق‬‫ن‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬

11. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 11
Examples from Quran – ‫يس‬‫ل‬Examples from Quran – ‫يس‬‫ل‬
… Is not the morning near? (11:81) ...ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ِيب‬‫ر‬‫ق‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ح‬ْ‫ب‬ ُّ‫الص‬‫﴿هود‬:٨١﴾
Is not Allah most knowing of what is
within the breasts of all creatures?
(29:10)
...‫و‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ين‬ِ‫م‬‫ال‬‫ع‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ر‬‫ُو‬‫د‬ ُ‫ص‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫م‬‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ه‬‫ـ‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬
‫﴿العنكبوت‬:١٠﴾
Is not that [Creator] Able to give life to
the dead? (75:40)
...ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬ٰ‫ى‬‫ت‬ْ‫و‬‫م‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ي‬ْ‫ح‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ ٰ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ق‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ِ‫ل‬‫ذ‬
‫﴿القيامة‬:٤٠﴾
O wives of the Prophet! you are not
like any other of the women; … (33:32)
ِّ‫ي‬ِ‫ب‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫اء‬‫س‬ِ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫س‬‫ل‬ِ‫ء‬‫ا‬‫س‬ِّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫ن‬ِّ‫م‬ ‫د‬‫ح‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ك‬...
‫حزاب‬‫﴿الإ‬:٣٢﴾
You are not a watcher over them (88:22) ‫ت‬ْ‫س‬‫ل‬‫ر‬ِ‫ط‬ْ‫ي‬‫ص‬ُ‫م‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫﴿الغاشية‬:٢٢﴾

12. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 12
“Having” or “Possessing” ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬“Having” or “Possessing” ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬
‫ع‬ْ‫م‬‫ج‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬ْ‫ف‬ُ‫م‬
‫و‬ُ‫و‬‫ذ‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ ‫ر‬َّ‫ك‬‫ز‬ُ‫م‬
ُ‫ات‬‫و‬‫ذ‬ ُ‫ات‬‫ذ‬ ‫َّث‬‫ن‬‫ؤ‬ُ‫م‬
 ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ is always ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ , so the word following it is ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ل‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
 ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ is ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬ form, we will learn the ‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬ and ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬
forms later, ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ‫اء‬‫نش‬ِ‫ا‬
(a) beard has Hamid
‫ة‬‫ي‬ْ‫ح‬ِ‫ل‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ ‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ِل‬‫ا‬ ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
knowledge having (is a) student Aisha
‫لم‬ِ‫ع‬ ُ‫ات‬‫ذ‬ ‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ش‬ِ‫ئ‬‫ا‬‫ع‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ ‫عت‬‫ن‬
‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ِل‬‫ا‬ ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
abundant wealth having (are) doctors These
‫ير‬ِ‫ث‬‫ك‬ ‫ال‬‫م‬ ‫و‬ُ‫و‬‫ذ‬ ُ‫اء‬َّ‫ب‬‫ط‬ّّ‫ا‬ ِ‫ء‬‫إ‬‫ل‬ُ‫ؤ‬‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ ‫عت‬‫ن‬
‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ِل‬‫ا‬ ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
‫عت‬‫ن‬
manners possess students (fem.) Those
‫ق‬ُ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ ُ‫ات‬‫و‬‫ذ‬ ُ‫ات‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬َّ‫ط‬‫ال‬ ‫ل‬ْ‫و‬ّْ‫ا‬‫ك‬ِ‫ِئ‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫ب‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ِل‬‫ا‬ ‫اف‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬

13. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 13
Examples from Quran – ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬Examples from Quran – ‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬
… and Allah is the possessor of great
bounty (2:105)
...ُ‫ه‬‫ـ‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬‫و‬‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ِ‫م‬‫ي‬ِ‫ظ‬‫ع‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ل‬ ْ‫ض‬‫ف‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫﴿البقرة‬:١٠٥﴾
And thy Lord is the Forgiver, Owner of
mercy (18:58)
ُ‫ر‬‫ُو‬‫ف‬‫غ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ك‬ُّ‫ب‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ِ‫ة‬‫م‬ْ‫ح‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬...‫﴿الكهف‬:٥٨﴾
The people of Noah denied before
them, and [the tribe of] 'Aad and
Pharaoh, the owner of stakes (38:12)
ُ‫ن‬ْ‫و‬‫ع‬ْ‫ر‬ِ‫ف‬‫و‬ ‫اد‬‫ع‬‫و‬ ‫ُوح‬‫ن‬ ُ‫م‬ْ‫و‬‫ق‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ْ‫ب‬‫ق‬ ْ‫ت‬‫ب‬َّ‫ذ‬‫ك‬‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬
ِ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ت‬ْ‫و‬ّّ‫إ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫﴿ص‬:١٢﴾
Therein is fruit and palm trees having
sheaths [of dates] (55:11)
ُ‫ل‬ْ‫خ‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬‫و‬ ‫ة‬‫ه‬ِ‫ك‬‫ا‬‫ف‬ ‫ا‬‫يه‬ِ‫ف‬ُ‫ات‬‫ذ‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫م‬ْ‫ك‬ّّ‫إ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫﴿الرحمن‬:١١﴾
And there will remain the Face of your
Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.
(55:27)
‫ك‬ِّ‫ب‬‫ر‬ ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ج‬‫و‬ ٰ‫ى‬‫ق‬ْ‫ب‬‫ي‬‫و‬‫و‬ُ‫ذ‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ك‬ ِ‫إ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ِ‫ال‬‫ل‬‫ج‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫﴿الرحمن‬:٢٧﴾

14. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 14
Comparative & Superlative degrees ِ‫يل‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬Comparative & Superlative degrees ِ‫يل‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Tall ‫ِيل‬‫و‬‫ط‬ Taller ُ‫ل‬‫طو‬ّّ‫ا‬ Tallest ُ‫ل‬‫طو‬ّّ‫ا‬
Small ‫ير‬ِ‫غ‬‫ص‬ Smaller ُ‫ر‬‫صغ‬ّّ‫ا‬ Smallest ُ‫ر‬‫صغ‬ّّ‫ا‬
Beautiful ‫يل‬ِ‫م‬‫ج‬ More
beautiful
ُ‫ل‬‫جم‬ّّ‫ا‬ Most
beautiful
ُ‫ل‬‫جم‬ّّ‫ا‬
Good ‫ن‬‫س‬‫ح‬ Better ُ‫ن‬‫حس‬ّّ‫ا‬ Best ُ‫ن‬‫حس‬ّّ‫ا‬
Both comparative and superlative degrees in Arabic use the same word,
which is on the pattern of ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬ (Diptote). It is the same for masculine,
feminine, singular and plural.
If ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬ is followed by ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ , the
latter will be translated as “than”,
e.g. ‫ال‬‫ل‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ُ‫ل‬‫طو‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ (Hamid is taller
than Bilal)
If ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬ is followed by a noun in
genitive case (‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬), than ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬ is to be
translated as superlative degree, e.g.
ِ‫صل‬‫الف‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ُ‫ل‬‫طو‬ّّ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ (Hamid is the
tallest student in the class)

15. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 15
Examples from Quran – ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬Examples from Quran – ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫فض‬َّ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬ّّ‫ا‬
And he had fruit, so he said to his
companion while he was conversing
with him, "I am greater than you in
wealth and mightier in [numbers of]
men.” (18:34)
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬ِ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ِ‫اح‬‫ص‬ِ‫ل‬ ‫ال‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ر‬‫م‬‫ث‬ ُ‫ه‬‫ل‬ ‫ان‬‫ك‬‫و‬
ُ‫ر‬‫ث‬ْ‫ك‬ّّ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫إ‬ً‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫نك‬ِ‫م‬ُّ‫ز‬‫ع‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ر‬‫ف‬‫ن‬‫﴿الكهف‬:٣٤﴾
Indeed in that is a sign, but most of
them were not to be believers (26:8)
‫ان‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬‫و‬ ۖ ً‫ة‬‫ي‬‫إ‬‫ل‬ ‫ك‬ِ‫ل‬‫ذ‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ُ‫ر‬‫ث‬ْ‫ك‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ين‬ِ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُّ‫م‬ ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫﴿الشعراء‬:٨﴾
The creation of the heavens and earth
is greater than the creation of
mankind, but most of the people do
not know. (40:57)
ِ‫ض‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫إ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ِ‫ات‬‫او‬‫م‬َّ‫الس‬ ُ‫ق‬ْ‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ل‬ُ‫ر‬‫ب‬ْ‫ك‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫س‬‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ق‬ْ‫ل‬‫خ‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬
َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ك‬‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫ث‬ْ‫ك‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ون‬ُ‫م‬‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬‫ي‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬ ِ‫س‬‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬‫﴿غافر‬:٥٧﴾
You will surely find the most intense of
the people in animosity toward the
believers [to be] the Jews … (5:82)
َّ‫ن‬‫د‬ ِ‫ج‬‫ت‬‫ل‬َّ‫د‬‫ش‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ود‬ُ‫ه‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ُ‫ن‬‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬َّ‫ل‬ِّ‫ل‬ ً‫ة‬‫او‬‫د‬‫ع‬ ِ‫س‬‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬
...‫﴿المائدة‬:٨٢﴾

16. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 16
Numbers 11 – 19Numbers 11 – 19
‫د‬‫ح‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ى‬‫د‬ْ‫ح‬ِ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ا‬‫ثن‬ِ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ث‬ِ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫اث‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫اث‬‫ل‬‫ث‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ب‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬‫ب‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫س‬ْ‫م‬‫خ‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫س‬ْ‫م‬‫خ‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬َّ‫ت‬ ِ‫س‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ َّ‫ت‬ ِ‫س‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬ْ‫ب‬‫س‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬ْ‫ب‬‫س‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ث‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ث‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ت‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ت‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫ر‬َّ‫ك‬‫ز‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫َّث‬‫ن‬‫ؤ‬ُ‫م‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
‫ز‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ي‬ْ‫م‬‫ت‬ Part 2 Part 1
 The ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬ is a ‫ب‬َّ‫ك‬‫ر‬ُ‫م‬ (compound word),
made up of two parts
 Both parts of the compound word are
ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ (indeclinable).
o Exception to this rule are ‫ا‬‫ثن‬ِ‫ا‬ and ‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ثن‬ِ‫ا‬.
In genetive and accusative cases,
they become ْ‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ث‬ِ‫ا‬and ْ‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ث‬ِ‫ا‬.
 The ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ is always singular and
mansub. This is called ‫ز‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ي‬ْ‫م‬‫ت‬

17. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 17
Gender for Numbers 11 – 19Gender for Numbers 11 – 19
‫د‬‫ح‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ى‬‫د‬ْ‫ح‬ِ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ا‬‫ثن‬ِ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ث‬ِ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫اث‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫اث‬‫ل‬‫ث‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ب‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬‫ب‬ْ‫ر‬ّّ‫ا‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫س‬ْ‫م‬‫خ‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫س‬ْ‫م‬‫خ‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬َّ‫ت‬ ِ‫س‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ َّ‫ت‬ ِ‫س‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬ْ‫ب‬‫س‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬ْ‫ب‬‫س‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ث‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ث‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ال‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ة‬‫ع‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ت‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫ع‬ ‫ع‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ت‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬‫ع‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫ر‬َّ‫ك‬‫ز‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫َّث‬‫ن‬‫ؤ‬ُ‫م‬
Numbers 11 - 12
 Both parts of the compound word agree
with the gender of the ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
Part 2 Part 1
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
Part 2 Part 1
Numbers 13 - 19
 Part 1 of the compound word is opposite
in gender than that of the ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬
 Part 2 agrees with the gender of the ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
Part 2 Part 1
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
Part 2 Part 1

18. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 18
Twenty/Twenty - 20/20Twenty/Twenty - 20/20
‫ون‬ُ‫شر‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬ً‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫ون‬ُ‫شر‬ِ‫ع‬ً‫ة‬‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫ر‬َّ‫ك‬‫ز‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫َّث‬‫ن‬‫ؤ‬ُ‫م‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
 The ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ is always singular and
mansub, i.e. it is ‫ز‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ي‬ْ‫م‬‫ت‬. This is true for
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ from numbers 11 to 99.
 The ‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬ is on the same pattern as
sound masculine plural (‫م‬ِ‫ال‬‫س‬ ‫ر‬َّ‫ك‬‫ز‬ُ‫م‬ ‫مع‬‫ج‬),
e.g. ‫ون‬ُ‫ر‬ِ‫ب‬‫ا‬‫ص‬ ،‫ون‬ُ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫س‬ُ‫م‬
 It has the same form for both
masculine and feminine ‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬ .
‫د‬‫د‬‫ع‬
‫ُود‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫م‬

19. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 19
The Verbal Sentence – ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬The Verbal Sentence – ُ‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
(is) a student Hamid
‫ب‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫د‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ح‬
‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
the call to prayer Hamid Heard
‫ان‬‫ذ‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬ِ‫الإ‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مل‬ُ‫الج‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ is always ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬
 Starts with a noun
 Contains ‫ا‬‫د‬‫بت‬ُ‫م‬ and ‫ر‬‫ب‬‫خ‬
 Starts with a verb
 Contain ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ and ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ is always ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬

20. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 20
The Subject – ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫الف‬The Subject – ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫الف‬
He went
‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
،‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
She went
ْ‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
،‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
The ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ is hidden in these two
forms of past tense verb
You went
ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
For the other 12 pronouns,
suffixes are added to the ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ to
denote the ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬. For a complete
list of all suffixes, see next page.
Hamid went
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
A separate noun in ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬ form,
following the ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ , denotes the
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬. In this case, the hidden ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ is
overridden by the explicit ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
١
٢
٣Maryam went
ُ‫م‬‫ري‬‫م‬ ْ‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬

21. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 21
Conjugation of The Past Tense Verb
ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
They left
ُ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ They (>2)
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬ He
‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ْ‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ They (2)
ُ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ْ‫و‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ They (>2)
ْ‫ت‬‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ ‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬ She
‫ت‬‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ْ‫ا‬ ْ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ They (2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ They (>2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You (2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You (>2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You (2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ You (>2)
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ُ‫ت‬ ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ I
ْ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬ We

22. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 22
The Object – ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫الم‬The Object – ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫الم‬
Hamid asked Bilal
‫إ‬ً‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ل‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬
‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
A separate noun in ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ form, following the ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
, denotes ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫الم‬.
١
٢
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
Hamid asked him
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
A ‫ل‬ِ‫ص‬َّ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ير‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬ attached to the ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ denotes ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
as a pronoun.
Hamid went
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
 A ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬, is not required by certain type of verbs,
called Intransitive Verb (ُ‫م‬ِ‫ز‬‫َّا‬‫ل‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬)
 Other examples of such verbs include, ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬ ،‫ع‬‫ج‬‫ر‬ ،‫س‬‫ل‬‫ج‬
 A verb which does require a ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬, is called a Transitive Verb (ُ‫ي‬ِّ‫د‬‫ع‬‫ت‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬)
 Most verbs fall in this category
٣

23. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 23
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ vs. ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫ص‬َّ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ر‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫ص‬‫ف‬ْ‫ن‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ر‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬
ُ‫ه‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ت‬ْ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ن‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ُم‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ت‬ ِ‫ك‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ُم‬‫ك‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ك‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ت‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬
When attached
to a verb,
always denote
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
The part
highlighted in
red, always
denote‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬

24. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 24
Who asked who?Who asked who?
Hamid asked him
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
Hamid asked you
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬‫ك‬
‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
Hamid asked me
‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬
‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ف‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
He asked Hamid
‫ًا‬‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
You asked Hamid
‫ًا‬‫د‬ِ‫م‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ ْ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬‫ت‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
I asked Hamid
‫ًا‬‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ْ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ُ‫ت‬
،‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
He asked him
‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ُ‫ه‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬
،‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
You asked them
ْ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
I asked you
ْ‫ل‬ّّ‫ا‬‫س‬ُ‫ت‬‫ك‬
ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ول‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ير‬ِ‫د‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ،‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫ف‬

25. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 25
Present & Future Tense Verb –Present & Future Tense Verb – ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
He went
‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
He is going or He will go
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬
Past Tense Verb
ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
Present & Future Tense Verb
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬
 ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ is derived from ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
 ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ contains both present and future
tense. Optionally a particle of future can be
prefixed to make it future tense only. We will
learn that later.
ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ون‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ْ‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ ‫ن‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ون‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ين‬ِ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬

26. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 26
Categories of 3 letter verb –Categories of 3 letter verb – ِ‫د‬َّ‫ر‬‫ج‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ِّ‫ي‬ِ‫ث‬‫ا‬‫ُّل‬‫ث‬‫ال‬ ِ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫اب‬‫بو‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـت‬ ‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫فعل‬‫فعل‬‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ف‬
ُ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ب‬‫ر‬‫ض‬‫ب‬‫ر‬‫ض‬‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ض‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ِب‬‫ر‬ ْ‫ض‬‫ي‬ُ‫ِب‬‫ر‬ ْ‫ض‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬ ِ‫ر‬ ْ‫ض‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫ر‬‫ص‬‫ن‬‫ر‬‫ص‬‫ن‬‫ر‬ ‫ص‬‫ـ‬ ‫ن‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ر‬ ُ‫ص‬ْ‫ن‬‫ي‬ُ‫ر‬ ُ‫ص‬ْ‫ن‬‫ي‬ُ‫ر‬ ُ‫ص‬‫ـ‬ ْ‫ن‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
The ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫ف‬ on the ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ف‬ in ‫اض‬‫م‬ always
changes to ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُ‫س‬ in ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
ُ‫ح‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـت‬ ْ‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
The ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫ف‬ on the ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ل‬ in ‫اض‬‫م‬ always
changes to ‫ة‬َّ‫م‬‫ض‬ in ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ Type *
‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ ‫باب‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬(‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ــ‬‫ـ‬)
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ب‬‫ر‬‫ض‬ ‫باب‬(‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬)
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ر‬‫ص‬‫ن‬ ‫باب‬(‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬)
All three letter verbs are categorized
by how the vowel sign on the ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ع‬ in
‫اض‬‫م‬ changes in ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ as listed below.
* Additional types are shows on the next slide

27. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 27
Categories of 3 letter verb –Categories of 3 letter verb – ِ‫د‬َّ‫ر‬‫ج‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ِّ‫ي‬ِ‫ث‬‫ا‬‫ُّل‬‫ث‬‫ال‬ ِ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ُ‫اب‬‫بو‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬‫ـ‬‫ع‬ ‫ـ‬ِ‫م‬‫ـ‬ ‫س‬‫ـ‬
‫فعل‬‫فعل‬‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ف‬
ُ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬ُ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬
‫ب‬ ِ‫س‬‫ح‬‫ب‬ ِ‫س‬‫ح‬‫ب‬ ‫ـ‬ِ‫س‬‫ـ‬ ‫ح‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ب‬ِ‫س‬ْ‫ح‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬ِ‫س‬ْ‫ح‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬ ‫ـ‬ِ‫س‬‫ـ‬ ْ‫ح‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫م‬ُ‫ر‬‫ك‬‫م‬ُ‫ر‬‫ك‬‫م‬ ُ‫ر‬ ‫ك‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫م‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ك‬‫ي‬ُ‫م‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ك‬‫ي‬ُ‫م‬ ُ‫ر‬ ْ‫ك‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬ُ‫ع‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـم‬ ْ‫س‬‫ـ‬ ‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ Type
‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫باب‬‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬(‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ــ‬‫ـ‬)
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ‫س‬‫ح‬ ‫باب‬(‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ف‬ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬)
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫م‬ُ‫ر‬‫ك‬ ‫باب‬(‫ل‬ُ‫ع‬‫ف‬ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬)

28. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 28
Moods of VerbsMoods of Verbs
The Past Tense Verb is fixed
ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
The Present Tense Verb is declinable
(It has three kinds of moods)
‫ب‬‫عر‬ُ‫م‬ ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
١)‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬(ُ‫ل‬‫فع‬‫ي‬)
٢)‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬(‫ل‬‫فع‬‫ي‬)
٣)‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬(ْ‫ل‬‫فع‬‫ي‬)
1. Nominative
2. Accusative
3. Majzum
Note, it is ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ not ‫ور‬ُ‫جر‬‫م‬

29. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 29
ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ْ‫و‬‫ا‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ْ‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ْ‫ت‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ا‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ن‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ِ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬ُ‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ا‬‫ن‬
ُ‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫الف‬ is always ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ on
the vowel sign on the ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ل‬. ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬َّ‫م‬ َّ‫الض‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬َّ‫م‬ َّ‫الض‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬ ‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬

30. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 30
Anatomy of the Present Tense Verb ُ‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬Anatomy of the Present Tense Verb ُ‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
‫ي‬‫يـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ي‬‫يـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ي‬‫يـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ي‬‫يـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫نـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫و‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫و‬
‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬ِ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ُ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫الف‬ِ‫فع‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ام‬‫ل‬‫ع‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ير‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬
‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬
ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
Notice the ‫ن‬ in
these two cases is
ُ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫الف‬ not ِ‫فع‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫لام‬‫ع‬
Sometimes ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬‫ا‬‫الف‬ in
these two cases is
not hidden. We’ll
learn this later,
inshaAllah

31. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 31
Three Moods of ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ – ( ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ،‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ،‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫)م‬Three Moods of ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ – ( ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ،‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ،‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫)م‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
ِ‫فع‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ام‬‫ل‬‫ع‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫رب‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ (5 in your pocket)
‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ــ‬‫ـ‬ْ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ة‬‫مس‬‫الخ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ (‫ن‬ comes ‫ن‬ goes)
‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬
‫ون‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫الم‬ ِ‫ان‬‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ (mabni)
‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ X 2
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ X 3

32. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11)
‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬ ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬
32
Three Moods of ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ – ( ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ،‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ،‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫)م‬Three Moods of ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ – ( ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ،‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ،‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫)م‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ة‬‫مس‬‫الخ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ُ‫ة‬‫مس‬‫الخ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫الم‬ ِ‫ان‬‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ِ‫ان‬‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫الم‬ ِ‫ان‬‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬
ِ‫ة‬َّ‫م‬ َّ‫الض‬ِ‫ب‬
‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬
ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ِ‫ب‬
‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬
ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬ِ‫ب‬
‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬
ِ‫ون‬ُّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ِ‫وت‬ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ث‬ِ‫ب‬
‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬
ِ‫ون‬ُّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ذف‬‫ح‬ِ‫ب‬
‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬
ِ‫ون‬ُّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ذف‬‫ح‬ِ‫ب‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
،ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
ِّ‫ل‬‫ح‬‫م‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
‫فع‬‫ر‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
،ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
ِّ‫ل‬‫ح‬‫م‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
‫صب‬‫ن‬
‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
،ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫الس‬
ِّ‫ل‬‫ح‬‫م‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
‫زم‬‫ج‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬ْ‫ح‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ ‫وب‬ ُ‫نص‬‫م‬ ‫وع‬ُ‫ف‬‫ر‬‫م‬
‫ـ‬ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ْ‫ـ‬
ُ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫رب‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ُ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫رب‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فع‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬
ُ‫ة‬‫ام‬‫ل‬‫الع‬ُ‫ة‬‫ام‬‫ل‬‫الع‬

33. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 33
Imperative Verb – ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬Imperative Verb – ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ي‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬ِ‫ا‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
He went
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
He is going /
He will go
‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
Go
 Imperative Verb (‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬) signifies a command or a request
 It is derived from ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
 ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬ is only used for 2nd person ( ُ‫ب‬‫اط‬‫خ‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬)
 To command or request 3rd person or 1st person plural, ِ‫ر‬‫م‬ّّ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ُ‫م‬‫إ‬‫ل‬ is
used. We will learn it later, insha Allah.

34. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 34
How to Construct ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬How to Construct ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬ُ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ت‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ت‬‫ـ‬‫ت‬‫ـ‬‫ه‬‫ـ‬‫ه‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬ْ‫ذ‬‫ـ‬ْ‫ذ‬ُ‫ـب‬ُ‫ـب‬
ِ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬
1
‫ه‬‫ـ‬‫ه‬‫ـ‬ ْ‫ذ‬ْ‫ذ‬ْ‫ـب‬ْ‫ـب‬
2
3
‫ه‬‫ـ‬‫ه‬‫ـ‬ ْ‫ذ‬ْ‫ذ‬ْ‫ـب‬ْ‫ـب‬ ِ‫ٱ‬ِ‫ٱ‬
4
ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ب‬‫ه‬ْ‫ذ‬ِ‫ا‬
Start with the appropriate second person ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
1
Remove the ِ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬2
Make the verb ‫وم‬ُ‫ز‬‫ج‬‫م‬ . Keep in mind the 3 categories
1) 5 in your pocket, 2) ‫ن‬ comes ‫ن‬ goes, 3) ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
3
The resulting word cannot be pronounced as it starts
with a ‫ون‬ُ‫ك‬ُ‫س‬ .
4
ِ‫ل‬‫ص‬‫الو‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مز‬‫ه‬ ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ع‬
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ـ‬
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
To overcome this, prefix a ِ‫ل‬‫ص‬‫الو‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مز‬‫ه‬ to the verb. The
vowel sign on the ِ‫ل‬‫ص‬‫الو‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مز‬‫ه‬ is determined based on the
vowel sign of the ‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ع‬ , as follows.
ْ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ 

35. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 35
Examples of ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬Examples of ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬ُ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ْ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ح‬‫ت‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫اض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫س‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ج‬ُ‫س‬ِ‫ل‬ْ‫ج‬‫ي‬ُ‫س‬ِ‫ل‬ْ‫ج‬‫ي‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ل‬ْ‫ج‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ل‬ْ‫ج‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ل‬‫خ‬‫د‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫د‬ُ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ْ‫د‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ْ‫د‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ْ‫د‬ُ‫ا‬ْ‫ل‬ُ‫خ‬ْ‫د‬ُ‫ا‬
‫د‬‫ج‬‫س‬‫د‬‫ج‬‫س‬ُ‫د‬ُ‫ج‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬ُ‫د‬ُ‫ج‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬ْ‫د‬ُ‫ج‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫ا‬ْ‫د‬ُ‫ج‬ْ‫س‬ُ‫ا‬
‫ل‬‫س‬‫غ‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫غ‬ُ‫ل‬ ِ‫ْس‬‫غ‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬ ِ‫ْس‬‫غ‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫س‬ْ‫غ‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫س‬ْ‫غ‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬‫ع‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬ُ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬ُ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬‫ي‬ْ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ع‬‫م‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ا‬
ّّ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ق‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ق‬ّْ‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ق‬‫ي‬ّْ‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ق‬‫ي‬ْ‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ق‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ا‬‫ر‬ْ‫ق‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ع‬‫ج‬‫ر‬‫ع‬‫ج‬‫ر‬ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬‫ي‬ُ‫ع‬ِ‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬‫ي‬ْ‫ع‬ِ‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ع‬ِ‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ب‬‫ت‬‫ك‬‫ب‬‫ت‬‫ك‬ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ك‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ك‬‫ي‬ْ‫ب‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ك‬ُ‫ا‬ْ‫ب‬ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ك‬ُ‫ا‬
‫ة‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫ع‬ِ‫ل‬‫ص‬‫الو‬ ُ‫ة‬‫مز‬‫ه‬
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ـ‬
ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ِ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬

36. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 6 (ver. 11) 36
Conjugation of ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬Conjugation of ‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫و‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ه‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬
‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬ِ‫نت‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ت‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬ُ‫ن‬‫ح‬‫ن‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ي‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬ِ‫ان‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ّّ‫ا‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ت‬‫تـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫ـ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ـ‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫و‬‫و‬
‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ـ‬
‫ا‬‫ا‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
‫ن‬‫ن‬
ُ‫رف‬‫ح‬ِ‫ة‬‫ع‬‫ار‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬ُ‫ل‬ِ‫اع‬‫الف‬ِ‫فع‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ة‬‫ام‬‫ل‬‫ع‬
ُ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ير‬ِ‫م‬‫ض‬
‫ر‬ِ‫ت‬‫ست‬ُ‫م‬
ٌّ‫ي‬ِ‫ن‬‫ب‬‫م‬
ْ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬‫ن‬ْ‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬ِ‫ا‬
‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬ is only used for
2nd person ( ُ‫ب‬‫اط‬‫خ‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬)
‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬ُ‫م‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫مر‬ّّ‫ا‬

37. ِ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫م‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ب‬‫م‬ْ‫ح‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ه‬ِ‫م‬ْ‫ي‬ ِ‫ح‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ِ‫ن‬
ARIC – Arabic Class Notes
Part 7
1
TopicsTopics
Uses of ‫ا‬‫م‬
The Verbal Noun – ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
The Interpreted Original – ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
Negation in Verbs – Part 1
Moods for ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬
Weak Letter Verb ‫ل‬‫عت‬‫الم‬
‫ف‬َّ‫ع‬‫ض‬‫الم‬

38. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6)
Revision History
2
Date Ver Author Revision Comments
Mar. 20, 2011 1 Zahid Naeem Initial version.
Apr. 2, 2011 2 Zahid Naeem Added slides for negation in verbs and moods for ‫المضارع‬ ‫الفعل‬
Apr. 30, 2011 3 Zahid Naeem Added weak letter verb ‫ل‬‫عت‬‫الم‬
May 15, 2011 4 Zahid Naeem Added additional slides for weak letter verb ‫ل‬‫عت‬‫الم‬
May 28, 2011 5 Zahid Naeem Added additional slides for weak letter verb ‫ل‬‫عت‬‫الم‬
Jun. 11, 2011 6 Zahid Naeem Added slides for weak letter verb analysis and ‫ف‬ّ‫ع‬‫المض‬
ِ‫ه‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫يل‬ِ‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬There are no copyrights reserved for this material. You may make copies and distribute them Fi Sabilillah – ِ‫ه‬َّ‫ل‬‫ال‬ ِ‫يل‬ِ‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬
Report any errors, omissions or suggestions to arabic.aric@gmail.com

39. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 3
Uses ofUses of ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
Negative ‫ا‬‫م‬
١
‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ام‬‫فه‬‫ست‬ِ‫الإ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
Interrogative ‫ا‬‫م‬
٢
‫ة‬‫ول‬‫وص‬‫الم‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
Relative ‫ا‬‫م‬
٣
 Used for negation in
nominal as well as verbal
sentences
‫م‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫د‬‫ن‬ِ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫يئا‬‫ش‬ ‫لت‬‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫ار‬‫خب‬َ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ‫ع‬‫سم‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
 Means “what” for the
purpose of asking a
question
‫ا؟‬‫ذ‬‫ه‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫؟‬‫ك‬‫اسم‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫؟‬‫ِيد‬‫ر‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫اذ‬‫م‬
 Means “what” or “that
which” as a conjunctive
noun
‫ين‬ِ‫ب‬‫شر‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫ب‬‫شر‬َ‫ا‬
ِ‫ك‬‫ل‬ ‫ول‬‫ق‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ع‬‫سم‬ِ‫ا‬
‫ِيد‬‫ر‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫ري‬‫شت‬َ‫ا‬‫س‬
 There are other uses of ‫ا‬‫م‬, which will be described later, inshaAllah

40. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 4
Examples from Quran – ‫ا‬‫م‬Examples from Quran – ‫ا‬‫م‬
Your Lord has not taken leave
of you, [O Muhammad], nor
has He detested [you]. (93:3)
‫ا‬‫م‬‫و‬ ‫ك‬‫ب‬‫ر‬ ‫ك‬‫ع‬َّ‫د‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫م‬ٰ‫ى‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫﴿الضحى‬:۳﴾
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬And the Qur'an is not the word
of a devil, expelled [from the
heavens]. (81:25)
‫و‬‫ا‬‫م‬ٍ‫م‬‫ي‬ِ‫ج‬‫ر‬ ٍ‫ان‬‫ط‬ْ‫ي‬‫ش‬ ِ‫ل‬ْ‫و‬‫ق‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫و‬‫ه‬‫﴿التكوير‬:٢٥﴾
"What has brought you into
hell-fire?" (74:42)
‫ا‬‫م‬‫ر‬‫ق‬‫س‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ف‬ ْ‫م‬‫ك‬‫ك‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫﴿المدثر‬:٤٢﴾
‫ة‬َّ‫ي‬ِ‫ام‬‫فه‬‫ست‬ِ‫الإ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬What is [the matter] with you
that you do not attribute to
Allah [due] grandeur. (71:13)
‫ا‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ار‬‫ق‬‫و‬ ِ‫ه‬‫ـ‬َّ‫ل‬ِ‫ل‬ ‫ون‬‫ج‬ْ‫ر‬‫ت‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬ ْ‫م‬‫ك‬‫ل‬‫﴿انوح‬:١٣﴾
A soul will [then] know what it
has brought [with it] (81:14)
‫س‬ْ‫ف‬‫ن‬ ْ‫ت‬‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫م‬ْ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ض‬ْ‫ح‬َ‫ا‬‫﴿التكوير‬:١٤﴾
‫ة‬‫ول‬‫وص‬‫الم‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬O you who have believed, why
do you say what you do not
do? (61:2)
‫ون‬‫ول‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬ ‫وا‬‫ن‬‫ٓم‬‫ا‬ ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬َّ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ي‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫إ‬‫ل‬
‫ون‬‫ل‬‫ع‬ْ‫ف‬‫ت‬‫﴿الصف‬:٢﴾

41. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 5
The Verbal Noun – ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬The Verbal Noun – ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
 An Arabic verb contains three pieces of
information
1. The action
2. The actor
3. The time (past, present or future)
‫ل‬‫خ‬‫د‬He Entered - ‫ل‬‫خ‬‫د‬
The action
The actor
1
2 The time3
 The verbal noun (‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬) is a noun which
originates from the verb. It contains the action
but has no actor or time information.
 Since it is a noun:
 It declines like a noun
 It gets the tanwin, when it is indefinite
 It gets the definite article ‫ال‬, when it is definite
 It is also called the Original, the Infinitive or
the Gerund
 Sometimes there are multiple verbal nouns for
a given verb
‫ول‬‫خ‬‫د‬Entry - ‫ول‬‫خ‬‫د‬
The action1
The actor The time
‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬

42. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 6
More on The Verbal Noun – ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬More on The Verbal Noun – ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
 For three letter verbs, there is no single pattern to create a verbal noun
from a verb. Here are some examples
‫ول‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ول‬‫ع‬‫ف‬
‫ج‬‫خر‬‫ي‬ ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫ج‬‫خر‬‫ي‬ ‫ج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫وج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬‫وج‬‫ر‬‫خ‬
‫ِل‬‫ز‬‫ن‬‫ي‬ ‫ل‬‫ز‬‫ن‬‫ِل‬‫ز‬‫ن‬‫ي‬ ‫ل‬‫ز‬‫ن‬‫ول‬‫ز‬‫ن‬‫ول‬‫ز‬‫ن‬
‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬‫ف‬
‫ح‬‫فت‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬‫فت‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬ْ‫ت‬‫ف‬‫ح‬ْ‫ت‬‫ف‬
‫ر‬‫نص‬‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ص‬‫ن‬‫ر‬‫نص‬‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ص‬‫ن‬‫ر‬ ْ‫ص‬‫ن‬‫ر‬ ْ‫ص‬‫ن‬
‫ال‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ال‬‫ع‬‫ف‬
‫ب‬‫ذه‬‫ي‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫ب‬‫ذه‬‫ي‬ ‫ب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫اب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬‫اب‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬
‫ح‬‫نج‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫ح‬‫نج‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫اح‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫اح‬‫ج‬‫ن‬
‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬ْ‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫م‬‫عل‬‫ي‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫م‬‫عل‬‫ي‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫لم‬ِ‫ع‬‫لم‬ِ‫ع‬
‫ظ‬‫حف‬‫ي‬ ‫ظ‬ِ‫ف‬‫ح‬‫ظ‬‫حف‬‫ي‬ ‫ظ‬ِ‫ف‬‫ح‬‫فظ‬ِ‫ح‬‫فظ‬ِ‫ح‬
‫ال‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ال‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫ح‬‫نك‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ك‬‫ن‬‫ح‬‫نك‬‫ي‬ ‫ح‬‫ك‬‫ن‬‫اح‬‫ك‬ِ‫ن‬‫اح‬‫ك‬ِ‫ن‬
‫ب‬‫كت‬‫ي‬ ‫ب‬‫ت‬‫ك‬‫ب‬‫كت‬‫ي‬ ‫ب‬‫ت‬‫ك‬‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬‫اب‬‫ت‬ِ‫ك‬
‫ة‬‫ال‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬‫ة‬‫ال‬‫ع‬ِ‫ف‬
‫س‬‫در‬‫ي‬ ‫س‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫س‬‫در‬‫ي‬ ‫س‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫اس‬‫ر‬ِ‫د‬‫ة‬‫اس‬‫ر‬ِ‫د‬
‫د‬‫عب‬‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫ب‬‫ع‬‫د‬‫عب‬‫ي‬ ‫د‬‫ب‬‫ع‬‫ة‬‫اد‬‫ب‬ِ‫ع‬‫ة‬‫اد‬‫ب‬ِ‫ع‬

43. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 7
The Interpreted Original – ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬The Interpreted Original – ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
‫ب‬‫ذه‬َ‫ا‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬I want to go – ‫ب‬‫ذه‬َ‫ا‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬
‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
‫ب‬‫ذه‬َ‫ا‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬
‫و‬ ٍ‫صب‬‫ن‬ ‫رف‬‫ح‬
‫ِي‬‫ر‬‫صد‬‫م‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬
ِ‫ة‬‫تح‬‫الف‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫وب‬‫نص‬‫م‬
 ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬ can be used instead of ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬. So the above sentence can
also be written as:
‫اب‬‫ه‬َّ‫ذ‬‫ال‬ ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬I want to go – ‫اب‬‫ه‬َّ‫ذ‬‫ال‬ ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬
 ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬ is a compound structure,
containing ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ followed by a ‫وب‬‫نص‬‫م‬ ‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫م‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬

44. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 8
Examples of ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬Examples of ‫ل‬َّ‫و‬‫ؤ‬‫الم‬ ‫ر‬‫صد‬‫لم‬‫ا‬
We want to go ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬‫ن‬‫ب‬‫ذه‬‫ن‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬
I forgot to write my homework ‫يت‬ ِ‫س‬‫ن‬‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫ب‬‫كت‬َ‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ب‬ِ‫اج‬‫و‬
I request that you allow me to leave ‫و‬‫رج‬َ‫ا‬‫ح‬‫سم‬‫ت‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ِ‫وج‬‫ر‬‫الخ‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬
I want that you sit, O’ brothers ‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬‫ا‬ْ‫و‬‫س‬ِ‫ل‬‫ج‬‫ت‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫ان‬‫خو‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬
I request that you wash my
handkerchief, O’ Zainab
‫و‬‫رج‬َ‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬ِ‫غس‬‫ت‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫ب‬‫ين‬‫ز‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬‫ي‬ِ‫د‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬
I request that you memorize Surat-ar-
Rahmaan, O’ my daughters
‫و‬‫رج‬َ‫ا‬‫ظن‬ِ‫ف‬ْ‫ح‬‫ت‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ب‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬ ِ‫ن‬‫حم‬َّ‫ر‬‫ال‬ ‫ة‬‫ور‬‫س‬
I want that you go to your room, O’
Hamid and Aba Bakr
‫ِيد‬‫ر‬ُ‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ب‬‫ذه‬‫ت‬ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ٍ‫ر‬‫ك‬‫اب‬‫ب‬َ‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫د‬ِ‫ام‬‫ح‬ ‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬‫ك‬ِ‫ت‬‫رف‬‫غ‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬ِ‫ا‬

45. ARIC Arabic Class Notes – Part 7 (ver. 6) 9
Negation in Verbs – Part 1Negation in Verbs – Part 1
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ِ‫اض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
(‫وع‬‫رف‬‫م‬)
To negate an action in the past
ِ‫وق‬َّ‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫بت‬‫ه‬‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
I did not go to the market
To negate an action for present time only
‫ار‬‫خب‬َ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ‫ع‬‫سم‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬
We are not listening to the news (right now)
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫اف‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
(‫وع‬‫رف‬‫م‬)
To negate an action in continuum
‫ار‬‫خب‬َ‫إ‬‫ال‬ ‫ع‬‫سم‬‫ن‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬
We do not listen to the news
Command/request to not do something
‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ه‬ ْ‫س‬ِ‫ل‬‫ج‬‫ت‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬
Do not sit here
To negate an action in future
‫دا‬‫غ‬ ِ‫وق‬‫الس‬ ‫ى‬‫ل‬ِ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬‫ذه‬َ‫ا‬ ْ‫ن‬‫ل‬
I will not go to the market tomorrow
‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬‫ة‬‫ي‬ِ‫ه‬‫ا‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ ‫إ‬‫ل‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
(‫وم‬‫جز‬‫م‬)
ْ‫ن‬‫ل‬ْ‫ن‬‫ل‬
‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ِع‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫الم‬ ‫عل‬ِ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
(‫وب‬‫نص‬‫م‬)