The document discusses several group decision making techniques: majority rule, minority rule, decision by authority, nominal group technique, Delphi technique, and electronic meeting. It provides an overview of the key steps and advantages/disadvantages of each technique. The conclusion recommends that managers evaluate their group and situation to select the best technique for their objectives.

1. Krishna Prasad
Roll.n.o.12
M.B.A. T&T

2.  Managers believe they are success in doing
group decision making , goal setting,
problem solving.
 Dynamics of group decision making.
 More than consensus, take decision by
authority.
 Minority rule or by majority rule.

3.  Decision by lack of response: also called plop
method. Some one suggest an idea and
without any deliberations it is rejected.
 Decision by Authority rule: leader will make
the ultimate decision. This method produce
minimum involvement of the group. Leader
must be very proficient.
 Decision by minority rule: a single person can
enforce the decision. Two or more members
come to a quick and powerful agreement and
implement it through chairman or powerful
members of the group.

4.  Decision by majority rule: if majority of
participants feels the same way, then that
decision is the best.
 Difficult to implement this decision. 2 kinds
of psychological barriers.
 Minority feels that voting results in two
camps and their camp has lost.
 Insufficient discussion or their point of view
were not understood properly.

5.  More complete information and knowledge.
 Increased diversity of views.
 Increased acceptance of a solution.
 Increased legitimacy.

6.  Time consuming.
 Pressures to conform and fit in.
 Domination by the few.
 Disagreements may delay decisions and cause
hard feelings.

7.  Good technique for generating alternatives.
 Generates as many ideas as possible.
 It is meant to overcome pressures for
conformity in the interacting group that
retard the development of creative
alternatives.
 No criticism is allowed.
 Think the unusual

8.  Problems:
 Production blocking
 Evaluation apprehension

9.  Restricts discussion or the interpersonal
communication during decision making.
 Members operate independently.
Steps in Nominal group technique.
 Each member independently writes down his
or her ideas on the problem.
 Each member presents one idea to the
group.
 Group discusses the ideas for clarity and
evaluates them.
 Ranks the ideas. Final decision is based on
highest rank.

10.  Itis good when members fear criticism from
others.
 Permits the group to meet formally but not
restrict in independent thinking.

11.  Time consuming.
 Similar to nominal group technique.
Steps in delphi technique.
 Problem is identified and members are asked
to provide solutions through questionnaires.
 Each member anonymously and
independently completes the first
questionnaire.

12.  Resultsare compiled at a central location,
transcribed and produced.
 Each member receives a copy of the results.
 Members are again asked for the solutions.
 Steps
are repeated until a consensus is
reached.

13.  The Delphi technique is valuable in its ability
to generate a number of independent
judgements without the requirement of a
face-to-face meeting.
 used for decision making among
geographically scattered groups.
 The cost of bringing experts together at a
central location is avoided.

14.  Time consuming. Not applicable where a
speedy decision is necessary.
 May not develop the rich array of
alternatives as the interacting of nominal
group technique does.

15.  Blends the nominal group technique with
sophiscated computer technology.
 Participants type their responses on the
computer screen.
 Advantages:
 Participants can anonymously type any message
they want and it flashes on the screen.
 It allows people to be brutally honest without
penalty.
 It is fast because discussions don't go off the
point and many participants can "talk“ at once.

16.  Disadvantages:
 Those who can type fast can outshine those
who are verbally eloquent but poor typists;
 Those with the best ideas don't get credit for
them.
 The process lacks the information richness of
face-to-face oral communication.

17.  Beforechoosing a group decision making
technique, the manager carefully evaluates
the group members and decision situation.
Then the best method for accomplishing the
objectives of the group decision making
process can be selected.