This document discusses various active energy systems and building infrastructure components. It describes passive and active solar design systems that use natural sunlight or mechanical devices to collect, store, and distribute solar energy. It also outlines different utilities and services in buildings like water supply, sanitation, electricity, lighting, and HVAC systems. Additionally, it covers electro-mechanical systems such as lifts and transportation, as well as captive power plants, fire protection equipment, and the operation and maintenance of these building systems.

1. Green building
7th semester
Unit - 5
BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE: ACTIVE ENERGY SYSTEMS IN BUILDINGS,
UTILITIES AND SERVICES, BUILDING AUTOMATION. ELECTRO -MECHANICAL
SYSTEMS, LIFTS AND TRANSPORTATION, CAPTIVE POWER PLANT AND
EQUIPMENT, OPERATION & MAINTENANCE .
Deepak Thapa (13)
Chaitanya (12)
Loknath (24)
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2. Active energy system in building
Passive Solar Design
 A passive solar system does not involve mechanical devices.
 There is no use of conventional energy sources beyond that needed to regulate dampers and
other controls.
 Examples of basic passive solar structures are greenhouses, sunrooms and solariums, as the
sun's rays pass through the glass windows, the interior absorbs and retains the heat.
Active Solar Design
 Active solar systems use external sources of energy to power blowers, pumps and other types of
equipment to collect, store and convert solar energy.
 Once energy from the sun is absorbed, it is stored for later use.
 Example are solar heater, solar panels ,photovoltaic cells.
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3. UTILITIES AND SERVICES
1) Water supply system
2) Sanitary system.
3) Electrical system.
4) Lightening system.
5) HVAC system
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4. Water supply
Components of water supply
1)Underground water tank
2)Over head storage tank
3)Pumps
4)Taps
5)Water heater
6)Shower
7)Jets
8)Shower
Sanitary system
Waste water are classified into 3 classes
1)Storm water(rain water)
2)Sullage water
3)Soil waste(wc)
Electrical system
Electricity are supplied in 4 phases
1)Generation
2)Transmission
3)Substation
4)Distributer
Distribution system in house are:
1)Meter box 2)MCB
3)Switches and socket 4Appliances
Lightening system
Appliances used of lightening are:
1)LED bulb
2)Incandescent bulb
3)Florescent bulb
4)Sodium vapor lamp
5)Neon lamp 5)Halogen lamp
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5. Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning system
Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system perform heating / cooling
for indoor building environment.
 The HVAC system may also be responsible for providing fresh outdoor air to dilute
interior airborne contaminants such as odors from occupants, volatile organic
compounds (VOC’s) emitted from interior furnishings, chemicals used for cleaning, etc.
 A properly designed system will provide a comfortable indoor environment year round
when properly maintained.
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Function:
1)Heating and cooling
2)Maintaining humidity level
3)Cleaning air
4)Regulates air flow
5)Pressurization
Use:
1)Prevent contamination.
2)Provide comfort working condition
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6. HVAC COMPONENTS
1)Air conditioners
2)AHUs
3)Dehumidifiers/ Heater
4)Filters (Pre & HEPA)
5)Dust extractor
6)Ducting (for delivery of controlled
air)
7)Supply fans
8)Smoke detectors
9)Damper
10)Humidity/Temp./ Pressure sensor
11)Heating & Cooling coils
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7. Working of HVAC system
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8. Solar water heater
SWH systems are generally very simple using only sunlight to heat water.
A working fluid is brought into contact with a dark surface exposed to sunlight which heats the
water.
The water being heated directly, also called a direct system, or it may be a heat transfer fluid
such as a glycol/water mixture that is passed through some form of heat exchanger called an
indirect system
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9. SOLAR WATER HEATER
Components of Solar Water Heater
Solar Panels
Inverters
Electric Meter
Storage Tank
Connecting Pipes
Temperature Sensor
Circulating Pump
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10. Advantage of Solar Water Heater
Simple to construct and install.
No or negligible running cost.
Almost free from maintenance.
It saves time and high grade form of electric energy.
Cost is low and economically competitive.
They are efficient. Approximately 80% radiation is turned into heat energy.
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11. Fire protection and equipment's
Fire safety is a subject connected not only with human and property safety but is
related with design of buildings and their services. Fire although a good friend of
humanity, when it spreads un-controlled, in buildings can be vicious enemy resulting in
heavy loss of property and lives.
Therefore fire protection measures, both in residential buildings and in commercial/
industrial complexes, have assumed a great role in recent years in our country.
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12. Class of fire
Class A
Ordinary combustibles or fibrous material, such as
wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and some plastics.
Class B
Flammable or combustible liquids such as gasoline,
kerosene, paint, paint thinners and propane.
Class C
Energized electrical equipment, such as appliances,
switches, panel boxes and power tools.
Class D
Certain combustible metals, such as magnesium,
titanium, potassium, and sodium.
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13. Fire fighting equipment
Extinguisher sprinklers Detector and alarm Hose reel
Terrace tankHydrant systemPumps
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14. Lift and Transportation
A transporting equipment that efficiently moves people between levels of a building, vessel or other
structure.
Generally powered by electric motor that drive by traction cable and counterweight systems like a hoist
or hydraulic pump.
Types of lift according to use:
1)Trade Lift
2)Hospital Lift
3)Institution Lift
4)Store Lift
5)Cars Lift
Types of lift according to working:
1)Electrical lift
2)Hydraulic lift
Electric lift Hydraulic lift 14

15. Captive power plant
A captive power plant is a facility that provides a localized source of power to an energy user.
 These are typically industrial facilities or large offices.
 The plants may operate in grid parallel mode with the ability to export maximum power to the
local electricity distribution network.
 Alternatively they may have the ability to operate in island mode, which means independently of
the local electricity distribution system.
Benefits of captive power plants
•Security of power supply through self-generation
•Reduced costs through high fuel efficiency.
•Improved environmental performance resulting from fuel
efficiency
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16. Thanking
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Deepak Thapa (13)
Chaitanya (12)
Loknath (24)