The document discusses the smart district heating and cooling systems, highlighting their energy consumption, advantages, and challenges. It emphasizes the importance of integrating renewable energy and using real-time data for optimization, which can lead to energy savings and improved system efficiency. Key figures and statistics about energy consumption across various regions, as well as case studies from different countries, are also presented.

1. Smart
City
Concept
and
Solu2on
AUST
Summer
Course
2015
Chapter
6
:
Smart
District
hea2ng/cooling
Professor
Isam
SHAHROUR
Isam.shahrour@univ-­‐lille1.fr

2. Organiza(on
of
the
chapter
-­‐ Hea(ng/cooling
energy
consump(on
-­‐ The
district
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Key
figures
-­‐ The
Smart
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Strict
hea(ng
pilot
–
SunRise
project

3. Energy
Consump2on
by
buildings
United
States
:
50%
Europe
:
40%
UAE
:
70%

4. Energy
consump2on
in
US
ANNUAL
ENERGY
OUTLOOK
2015
Hea2ng/cooling:
• 65
%
in
2013
• 50%
in
2040

5. Pollu2on
emission
in
London
71
%
from
Buildings

6. Energy
consump2on
in
Ireland

7. Household
consump2on
in
the
Middle
East
Hea2ng/cooling:
58%

8. Electricity
demand
in
MENA
Countries
(Middle
East
and
North
Africa)
SA
Iran
Egypt

9. Energy
consump2on
in
UAE
HVAC
accounts
for
60
to
70
%
of
the
energy
consump2on

10. Lebanon
–
Energy
consump2on

11. ABC
mall
Energy
consump2on
Energy
expenses
in
2007
=
$2,280,000

12. Hotel
Dieu
de
France
Hospital
(HDF)
Energy
expenses
in
2007
=
$1,872,000

13. Organiza(on
of
the
chapter
-­‐ Hea(ng
cooling
energy
consump(on
-­‐ The
district
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Key
figures
-­‐ The
Smart
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Strict
hea(ng
pilot
–
SunRise
project

14. Industrial
buildings
Offices,
Services
Provide
hea2ng/cooling
Energy
?
District
Households

15. Industrial
buildings
Offices,
Services
Energy
plant
Households

16. Industrial
buildings
Offices,
Services
Energy
plant
Heated
Water
Households

17. Households
Industrial
buildings
Offices,
Services
Energy
plant
Cooled
Water

18. Households
Industrial
buildings
Offices,
Services
Energy
plant
Cooled
Water

19. Conven2onal
energy:
• Coal,
• Natural
gas,
•
Oil
Energy
source
Energy
recovery:
• waste
incinera(on,
•
waste
water,
• data
centers
• Industrial
process
Renewable
energy:
• biomass,
• deep
geothermal
• Solar
(Denmark
and
Germany)

20. Energy
sources

21. Sweden
faces
a
lack
of
garbage
for
energy
genera2on.
It
has
to
import
garbage.
Video
:
A2
Impor(ng
garbage
for
energy
is
good
business
for
Sweden

22. Energy
sources
• Conven(onal
energy
for
high
temperature
• Industrial
heat
recovery:
intermediate
temperature
• Geothermal
and
waste
water
for
low
temperature
(10-­‐30
°
C)

23. District
hea2ng
lines

24. District
hea2ng
lines

25. District
hea2ng
lines

26. h^p://news.thermaflex.com/district-­‐hea(ng-­‐and-­‐cooling/tallinn-­‐summary
Reduc2on
of
the
heat
losses

27. Reduc2on
of
leakages

28. Over-­‐heated
water
(110
°
C
and
180°
C):
Buildings
requiring
high
temperature
(laundries,
industries
Heat
transfer
fluids
Hot
water
(between
60
°
C
and
110
°
C):
Residen(al
buildings
or
offices
Steam
(200
°
C
to
300
°
C)
:
Mainly
used
for
industry
Used
in
Paris

29. Substa2on

31. Substa2on
-­‐
Heat
exchanger

32. Includes
a
heat
exchanger
that
transfers
heat
between
the
primary
network
and
the
building.
Sub-­‐Sta2on
Used
for
monitoring
the
district
hea(ng:
-­‐ Temperature
-­‐ Pressure
-­‐ Heat
consump(on
Equipped
by
a
regula(on
unit
that
controls
the
energy
transfer

33. Advantages
of
the
district
hea2ng/cooling
system
Scale
effect
(system
efficiency)
Cogenera(on
(produc(on
of
electricity)
Could
be
used
as
energy
storage
(heat
is
stored
more
easily
than
electricity).
Integra(on
of
renewable
energy

34. District
Hea2ng
Challenges

35. District
Hea2ng
Challenges

36. Break
in
a
hea(ng
pipe,
Paris,
May
2009
Challenges
in
Smart
Hea2ng
:
Security

37. Movies
:
A1
District
Hea2ng
A2
Wonderful
World
of
District
Hea2ng
A2
Impor2ng
garbage
for
energy
is
good
business
for
Sweden
A3
CHP
Overview
A4
District
hea(ng
&
cooling
from
Denmark
A5
The
cogenera(on
and
district
hea(ng
plants
in
Turin,
Italy
A6
District
Cooling
Plant
Abu
Dhabi,
UAE
A8
Thermal
Chicago
district
cooling
system
B1
SmartPower
Combined
Heat
and
Power
(CHP)
B2
Smart
Celsius
Project

38. Organiza(on
of
the
chapter
-­‐ Hea(ng
cooling
energy
consump(on
-­‐ The
district
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Key
figures
-­‐ The
Smart
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Strict
hea(ng
pilot
–
SunRise
project

39. District
hea2ng
in
some
countries
:

40. District
hea2ng
in
Europe
:
• Around
5000
heat
networks
• 11%
of
electricity
is
produced
by
cogenera(on
• 10%
of
the
hea(ng
market.
§ Finland,
Lithuania,
Denmark,
Sweden:
nearly
50%
§ UK
and
Netherlands:
4%

41. District
hea2ng
in
Europe

42. District
hea2ng
in
Europe

43. Cogenera2on

44. Cogenera2on
in
Danemark
2009
1985

45. District
hea2ng
in
France:
• 450
hea(ng
networks
• Two
million
of
unites
deserved
• 26
TWh
of
the
final
energy
• 6%
of
the
hea(ng
This
ra2o
is
low
compared
to
other
European
countries

46. District
hea2ng
in
France:

47. District
hea2ng
in
Russia
• 55%
of
the
district
hea(ng
in
the
world.
• more
than
17
000
district
hea(ng
systems.
• 44
million
customers.
• 98%
of
fossil
energy
(75%
natural
gas).

48. Evolu2on
of
the
heat
Consump2on
in
Poland

49. District
hea2ng
in
United
States
• 4%
of
the
hea(ng
demand
• New
York
network
district
hea(ng
(1882)
is
the
largest
in
the
world

50. District
cooling
(DC)
in
Gulf
Countries

51. District
cooling
(DC)
in
Gulf
Countries

52. District
cooling
(DC)
in
Gulf
Countries

53. Yearly
increase
in
the
DC
market
in
GCC
:
16%
District
cooling
(DC)
in
Gulf
Countries

54. Organiza2on
of
the
chapter
-­‐ Hea(ng
cooling
energy
consump(on
-­‐ The
district
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Key
figures
-­‐ Smart
hea2ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Strict
hea(ng
pilot
–
SunRise
project

55. « Radiator »
Building
distribution
Sub-
station
Piping
Buffers
and
Storage Conversion Energy
Sources
Buildings
Network
Heat production
Confort and human
behavior
Consumers
Smart
District
hea2ng
System
Infrastructure
and
Customer
Layer

56. 56
« Radiator »
Building
distribution
Sub-
station
Piping
Buffers
and
Storage Conversio
n
Energy
Sources
Buildings
Network
Heat production
Confort and
human behavior
Consumers
Communica2on
layer
Plateform
Informa2on
System
Smart
District
hea2ng
System

57. 57
« Radiator »
Building
distribution
Sub-
station
Piping
Buffers
and
Storage Conversio
n
Energy
Sources
Buildings
Network
Heat production
Confort and
human behavior
Consumers
Communica2on
layer
Plateform
Informa2on
System
Smart
District
hea2ng
System
Analy2cal
tools
• Op2mal
management
• Security

58. 58
« Radiator »
Building
distribution
Sub-
station
Piping
Buffers
and
Storage Conversio
n
Energy
Sources
Buildings
Network
Heat production
Confort and
human behavior
Consumers
Communica2on
layer
Plateform
Informa2on
System
Smart
District
hea2ng
System
Analy2cal
tools
• Op2mal
management
• Security
Communica2on
web
Servor
• Customers
• Technical
team
Governance
team
• Public
data

59. Advantages
of
the
smart
district
hea2ng
For
the
district
managers:
• Reduce
the
heat
losses
• Improve
the
balance
produc(on
-­‐
demand
• An(cipate
the
hea(ng
peaks
• Increase
the
network
reliability
• Reduce
the
pumping
expanses
• Rapid
detec(on
of
leakage
• Improve
the
management
of
the
energy
Storage

60. For
the
Ci2es
§
Mapping
the
heat
consump(on
in
the
city
(renova(ons
priori(es)
§ Mapping
the
heat
loss
in
the
network
(network
renova(on
priori(es)
§ Improve
the
asset
management
Advantages
of
the
smart
district
hea2ng

61. For
customers
Real
(me
informa(on
on
the
heat
consump(on
• Energy
savings
based
on
data
and
saving
incen(ve
• Benchmarking
Apport
des
réseaux
intelligents

62. Organiza2on
of
the
chapter
-­‐ Hea(ng
cooling
energy
consump(on
-­‐ The
district
hea(ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Key
figures
-­‐ The
Smart
hea2ng/cooling
system
-­‐ Strict
hea2ng
pilot
–
SunRise
project

63. SunRise
District
Hea2ng
Primary
network:
9
km
Secondary
network:
8
km
primary
substa(ons
:
37

64. District heating - SunRise
64
Présentation
Pipes
Sub Stations
(37)
Hea2ng
Center
3
hea2ng
units
(35
MW)

65. Primary
network-­‐
SunRise
(9
km)
65

66. Secondary
network
(8
km)
66
Primary
Secondary

67. Substa(on
Secondary
Network

68. 37 Substation
68
Heat
Exchanger

69. 37 Substation
69
Heat
Exchanger
Electronic Valve
Sensors :
• Temperature
• Pressure
• Debit
• Heat Consumption
Control Unit

70. The
substa2on:
• Equipped
by
a
local
management
unit
• Connected
to
a
bi-­‐direc(onal
data
transmission
fiber
• Transmits
data
concerning
flow,
power,
valve
status,
...
• On-­‐line
controlled

71. Data
transmission
Sensors
GPRS
Server
Internet
Storage
Technical
team
Management
Team
Radio
transmission
Antenna

72. 72
Hourly
Consump2on
–
Building
M1
(January
2012)

73. Heat
Consump2on
–
Building
M1
(2009)
Heat
Consump(on
External
Temperature

74. Heat
Consump2on
–
Building
M1
Working
day
RMSE
=
1.199
R²
=
0.854
74
Heat
Consump2on
External
Temperature

75. RMSE
=
1.181
R²
=
0.827
75
Heat
Consump2on
–
Building
M1
Week
-­‐
end
Heat
Consump2on
External
Temperature

76. Real
Consump2on
Consump2on
based
on
op2mal
control
Poten2al
saving
based
on
op2mal
management
-­‐Regula(on
according
to
the
building
usage
with
hourly
(me
control
19°
working
(me,
15°
non
working
(me

77. Conclusion
Hea2ng/Cooling
cons2tutes
a
major
issue
in
the
world
-­‐ High
energy
consump(on
-­‐ High
pollu(on
emission
-­‐ Quality
of
life
-­‐ Big
market

78. Conclusion
District
Hea2ng/Cooling
presents
major
advantages;
-­‐ Energy
saving
(scale
effect)
-­‐ Integra(on
of
renewable
energy
-­‐ Co-­‐genera(on
(hea(ng
+
electrical
produc(on)
-­‐ Increase
in
safety
-­‐ Energy
storage

79. Conclusion
Smart
district
Hea2ng/Cooling
offers
major
advantages:
• Real
(me
data
and
control
• Be^er
understanding
of
the
system
(produc(on,
heat
transport,
substa(on
and
consump(on)
• Improves
the
balance
heat
produc(on
–
demand
• Op(mize
the
hea(ng
temperature
• Reduces
the
heat
losses
• Increases
the
network
reliability
• Reduces
the
pumping
expanses
• Rapid
detec(on
of
leakage

80. Movies
:
A1
District
Hea2ng
A2
Wonderful
World
of
District
Hea2ng
A3
CHP
Overview
A4
District
hea(ng
&
cooling
from
Denmark
A5
The
cogenera(on
and
district
hea(ng
plants
in
Turin,
Italy
A6
District
Cooling
Plant
Abu
Dhabi,
UAE
A7
Saudi
Tabreed
Corporate
Video
A8
Thermal
Chicago
district
cooling
system
B1
SmartPower
Combined
Heat
and
Power
(CHP)
B2
Smart
Celsius
Project

81. THANK
YOU