graphene, a wonder material, is useful in many areas.it is multifunctional.till now it is said to be harmless.it is a sure one that graphene is the future of science.scientists have found many applications of graphene and the research goes on.it is said ti have limitless functions.its peculiar properties makes itself unique and efficient.it is eco friendly as it is biodegradable

1. A decade of graphene
research: production,
applications and outlook
-S.SRIVIDHYA, III BSC BIOCHEMISTRY, HOLY CROSS COLLEGE
(AUTONOMOUS), TRICHY.

2. Introduction
 semimetal
 Ultra thin carbon allotrope
 Hexagonal and sp2 hybridized
 Self repairing holes in sheets
 Weight of plastic with x200 strength of
metal
 mobility of 2000–5000 cm2/V s
 Biodegradable

3. Procedure
 A fresh piece of scotch tape is taken
 Adhesive side is pressed onto the HOPG
 The tape is peeled away with thick shiny layers of graphite attached
 The part with HOPG was refolded upon a clean adhesive section and then it is unfolded
 This process is done until the end of tape is no longer shiny but becomes dull
 These layers are transferred onto the surface of Si/SiO2 wafers

4.  Different electronic structure
 High electrical conductivity than
copper
 As graphene is a supercapacitor, it
does not waste electricity on heating
like copper does and so there is zero
loss of electricity.
 Capable of charging cell phones in 5
seconds
 Zero gap semiconductor

5.  Graphene exhibits write-read-erase-read-
rewrite cycle for a non-volatile memory and
they are more sensitive to light
 Used in solar cells, data storage, etc.,
 Expandable storage is due to high surface and
volume,light, stable and unbreakable.
 Usually solar cells fail to save energy that is
obtained from sun. Using Graphene, this loss
can be prevented.
 Graphene exhibits efficient data storage which
is the equivalent of approximately ten times the
storage of current readily available 16 GB USB
flash drives

6.  As graphene is one atom thick it is
flexible. It enables graphene
smartphones to be flexible and
unbreakable,that they can be folded
and carried in pocket size.
 It also makes thin film display
 Graphene can extend to 20% of its
original length and so the phone size
can also be adjust to the priorities.
 Graphene is capable of detectin 1
molecule which would be useful in
touch screens.

7.  Graphene as a support for DNA
oligonucleotides typical of Alzheimer's
disease by binding to the complimentary
DNA strands associated with Alzheimer's
disease which blocks the electrode surface
and the DNA analysed.
 High surface area enables substances to
load into the surface.
 Low electrical noise has been observed.

8.  Can be replaced in aeroplane and other vehicles due to less weight.
 Desalination of sea water.
 Clothes that reacts automatically to the environment and as armour.
 Cancer treatment with reduced side effects.
 Wound healing and drug delivery.
 Computer contact lens is possible due to its transparency.
 Gives structural stability to buildings.
 Anti-corrosion and chemical protection coating in paints.

9. Reference:
Edward P.Randviir. Dale A.C.BrownsonCraig E.Banks.
“A decade of graphene research: production, applications and outlook”.
Materialstoday. Volume 17, Issue 9, November 2014, Pages 426-432