Transparent electronics is an emerging technology that uses wide band-gap semiconductors to create invisible circuits. It employs transparent conductive oxides and thin-film transistors, with zinc oxide and amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide being particularly useful due to their high transparency and electrical conductivity. Transparent electronics has applications in areas like flat panel displays, see-through displays, touch screens, and solar cells. However, manufacturing processes remain expensive and lifetimes are shorter than non-transparent devices. Further research could improve performance and lower costs.

1. T SRIRAM REDDY

2. Transparentelectronicsis an emergingtechnology
that employs wide band-gap semiconductors for the
realization of invisiblecircuits.
The scientific goal of this technology must be to
discover, understand, and implement
transparent high-performance electronic
materials and evaluation in transistor and circuit
structures.
INTRODUCTION

5. The two technologies which preceded and underlined
transparent electronics are :-
a)Transparent Conductive Oxides (TCOs) and
b) Thin- Film Transistors (TFTs).
TCOs constitute an unusual class of materials possessing
two contradictory physical properties-high optical
transparency and high electrical conductivity.
The three most common TCOs are indium oxide (In2O3),
tin oxide (SnO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO2).
COMPONENTS

6. The thin-film transistor (TFTs) is another technology
underlying transparent electronics, since it is a bridge
between passive electrical and active electronic
applications. But it does not evolve a fully transparent
transistor.

7. KEY ROLE OF OXIDES
The fact that is possible to growth at/near the room
temperature high quality polycrystalline ZnO, which is a
particular advantage for electronic drivers, where the
response speed is of major importance.
Since ZnO is a wide band gap material (3.4eV), it is
transparent in the visible region of the spectra and
therefore, also less light sensitive.
Active Intrinsic ZnO

8. The second is amorphous oxides with heavy metal
content, such as amorphous InGaZnO4 (a-IGZO) also
used in this application.
A comparison of ZnO and a-IGZO shows that ZnO has
the lead when it comes carrier mobility. At present
though , a–IGZO is a material of choice of large area
displays , electronic paper utilizing low temperature
processing ,etc.
a-IGZO
The major substrate used for this purpose is Glass.

9. Less Size and Weight
Recyclable
Low cost
Easy fabrication
Wide viewing angle
Low temperature processing
ADVANTAGES

10. DISADVANTAGES
Lifetime is less when compared to non-transparent
electronic devices i.e.,
Red and Green OLEDs – 46,000 to 230,000 hours
Blue organics – around 14,000 hours
Manufacturing processes are expensive
Water can easily damage

11. Flat panel displays
See through display structures.
Antistatic coatings
Touch display panels
Solar cells,
Flat panel displays
Heaters
Defrosters
APPLICATIONS

12. FUTURE SCOPE
In the field of solar cells, although
much progress has been made in
developing new materials and
devices for high performance
transparent solar cells, there is still
plenty of opportunity to study and
improve device performance and
fabrication techniques compared
with the non-transparent solar cell
devices.