This document introduces a unit on motion and forces that will be split into two parts: 1A on motion and 1B on forces. Key terms in kinematics and dynamics like displacement, velocity, and acceleration are defined. Examples and practice problems are provided to help understand these concepts. Students are given reference pages in the textbook and practice questions to work through including problems calculating average speed and velocity.

1. Unit 1, Motion & Forces
 We will be splitting this unit into two partsWe will be splitting this unit into two parts
Units 1A andand 1B..
 We will be dealing with the motion first –We will be dealing with the motion first –
Unit 1A..
 Nelson TB reference pages: 8 - 11, 14 –Nelson TB reference pages: 8 - 11, 14 –
18.18.
You are not yet expected to fully understand
“vectors”. There will be many lessons on
vectors!!!!!!!!!!!

2. Terms UsedTerms Used
 KinematicsKinematics is the analysis of motion of objectsis the analysis of motion of objects
without consideration of the forces acting on thewithout consideration of the forces acting on the
objectobject
 DynamicsDynamics studies the motion of objects bystudies the motion of objects by
considering the mass of the object and theconsidering the mass of the object and the
forces acting.forces acting.
 MechanicsMechanics is the study of motion by consideringis the study of motion by considering
bothboth kinematics and dynamics.kinematics and dynamics.

3. Other Terms DefinedOther Terms Defined
 Scalar Quantity:Scalar Quantity: Any quantity that can be defined by aAny quantity that can be defined by a
single numbersingle number and aand a unit of measureunit of measure..
 Ex: time, length distance, speed, mass, distanceEx: time, length distance, speed, mass, distance
 Vector Quantity:Vector Quantity: Any quantity that must be described byAny quantity that must be described by
usingusing a number, unit of measure, and a direction.a number, unit of measure, and a direction.
 Ex: velocity, position, displacement, acceleration, forceEx: velocity, position, displacement, acceleration, force
 Position:Position: Is the location of an object with respect to aIs the location of an object with respect to a
reference point. The vector given above is a positionreference point. The vector given above is a position
vector.vector.

4.  Displacement:Displacement: Is theIs the change in positionchange in position of anof an
object. The symbol deltaobject. The symbol delta ΔΔ,, is used to representis used to represent
change, so displacement is written as:change, so displacement is written as:
ΔΔd = 10 m [NE],d = 10 m [NE], {{ place vector symbol above “d” }place vector symbol above “d” }
 Distance:Distance: Is a scalar and does not require aIs a scalar and does not require a
vector symbol.vector symbol. ΔΔdd is used to represent distance.is used to represent distance.
 Velocity:Velocity: Is a vector and is the rate of change ofIs a vector and is the rate of change of
position. The equation for velocity is:_________position. The equation for velocity is:_________
When acceleration is constant, we can say thatWhen acceleration is constant, we can say that
this is thethis is the average velocityaverage velocity for the time interval.for the time interval.
 Speed:Speed: Is a scalar and is calculated using theIs a scalar and is calculated using the
following equation:__________________following equation:__________________

5. Example 1: Jack runs north at 16 km/h for 8.0 kmJack runs north at 16 km/h for 8.0 km
and then returns to his starting point at 10 km/h.and then returns to his starting point at 10 km/h.
Calculate a) average speed b) average velocity.Calculate a) average speed b) average velocity.
((Example done on boardExample done on board))
Example 2: John walks 8.0 km [N] and then 13.0
km [S]. Determine John’s total displacement.
Example 3: Eva’s initial position is initially 5.0 km
[W] of her school (the reference point). If she
then walks 7.0 km [W] determine her position
with respect to the school. {Revision 2}

6. Practice Questions
 Page 13 # 1-5,Page 13 # 1-5,
 Page 53 # 22-24, 27, 29-32, 46, 47, 50Page 53 # 22-24, 27, 29-32, 46, 47, 50
Answer the following question from our
previous TB (Physics 11- McGraw-Hill):
 Vectorville (Vectorville (VV) and Scalartown () and Scalartown (ST) are 20.0) are 20.0
km apart. A cyclist leaveskm apart. A cyclist leaves VV and heads forand heads for ST
at 20.0 km/h. A second cyclist leavesat 20.0 km/h. A second cyclist leaves ST forfor VV
at exactly the same time at a speed 15.0 km/h.at exactly the same time at a speed 15.0 km/h.
a.) Where will they meet (wrta.) Where will they meet (wrt VV). b.) How). b.) How
much time passes before they meet (answer inmuch time passes before they meet (answer in
minutes).minutes). (Hint: A diagram may help)
Answers: a.) 11.4 km, b.) 34.2 min

7. Practice Questions
 Page 13 # 1-5,Page 13 # 1-5,
 Page 53 # 22-24, 27, 29-32, 46, 47, 50Page 53 # 22-24, 27, 29-32, 46, 47, 50
Answer the following question from our
previous TB (Physics 11- McGraw-Hill):
 Vectorville (Vectorville (VV) and Scalartown () and Scalartown (ST) are 20.0) are 20.0
km apart. A cyclist leaveskm apart. A cyclist leaves VV and heads forand heads for ST
at 20.0 km/h. A second cyclist leavesat 20.0 km/h. A second cyclist leaves ST forfor VV
at exactly the same time at a speed 15.0 km/h.at exactly the same time at a speed 15.0 km/h.
a.) Where will they meet (wrta.) Where will they meet (wrt VV). b.) How). b.) How
much time passes before they meet (answer inmuch time passes before they meet (answer in
minutes).minutes). (Hint: A diagram may help)
Answers: a.) 11.4 km, b.) 34.2 min