Downloaded 115 times
Linear motion present
The document defines key concepts related to linear motion, including: - Scalar and vector quantities, with scalar having only magnitude and vector having both magnitude and direction. - Linear motion as motion in a straight line, described by distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and their relationships. - Uniform motion as maintaining a constant speed in a straight line, versus non-uniform motion changing speed or direction. - Formulas for calculating velocity, acceleration, and displacement from information about initial/final velocities and time. - Examples of using these formulas to solve problems involving distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration for objects in linear motion. - Illustrations of velocity-time graphs showing changes in velocity over time for
More Related Content
Similar to Linear motion present
Linear motion present
- 1. NUR ELYANI BINTIMUSA JMSK
- 2. Hair Raiser RollerCoaster POV Ocean Park Hong Kong B M Floorless On-Ride - 3.wmv
- 3. Define scalar andvector quantities. Define linear motion Define uniform and non-uniform motion. Describe distance, displacement, speed, velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration and deceleration. Apply the concept of linear motion in solving the related problems by using formula Illustrade velocity – time graph. Determine the velocity, acceleration and displacement from the graphs.
- 4. Objective…… Define scalar quantity and vectorquantity Definition Quantity which has magnitude only. Example Distance, speed, Length, Time, density
- 5. Objective…… Define scalar and vectorquantity Definition - Quantity which have both magnitude and direction. Example Displacement, velocity, Force, Acceleration
- 6. Objective…… Define linear Motion Linear motionis the motion of an object, moving in a straight line or path. The movement of any object depend on frequent questions: How far ! How fast ! Which direction !
- 9. Objective…… Define uniform motion Define non– linear motion Definition Uniform motion is reaching and maintaining its maximum speed on a straight line. Example A falling coconut A car moving in same speed in a straight line
- 10. Objective…… Define uniform motion Define non– linear motion Definition Non linear motion that undergoes a change in velocity, either by changing speed or changing direction. Example A roller coaster ride A snake crawling
- 11. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration Distance (How far) Definition is total route taken from one place into another place. Scalar Quantity because it has magnitude only SI unit is meter Displacement Definition is distance along with direction Vector quantity because it has both magnitude & direction. SI unit is meter (m)
- 12. Distance An aeroplane isflying from Airport A to Airport B with a long distance about 350km without direction. Displacement But if the aeroplane use a direction move towards Airport B, its displacement is 100km.
- 13. Speed Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration Velocity Speed is the rate of Velocity is the rate of change of distance. change of displacement. Speed is scalar quantity. Velocity is vector quantity. Speed = Distance, m Time, s SI unit is meter per second (ms-1). Velocity = Displacement, m Time, s SI unit is meter per second (ms-1).
- 14. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration Average Velocity Instantaneous Velocity Average velocity is Instantaneous for velocity of entire Velocity is velocity of trip. an object at the particular instant or time.
- 15. Acceleration Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration Deceleration. Acceleration is the rate change of Deceleration is the rate change velocity. of velocity that has negative value. Acceleration is vector quantity. (Slowing down) Acceleration = v - u Acceleration = v - u t t Where : Where : v = Final velocity (last high value) v = Final velocity (last value) u = Initial velocity(start to moving) u = Initial velocity(start to slowing t = time down) t = time SI unit is ms-2. Example : A car starts to move slowly after max speed. Example : A car starts to move fast SI unit is ms-2. From rest or low speed. *Formula same as acceleration.
- 16. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A student walks to the south for 30 m, then to the east for 40 m and finally to the north for 30 m before he stops to rest. The total time taken by the student for the whole journey is 40 seconds. a) What is the total distance travelled? b) What is the displacement of the student? c) What is the average speed of the student and his velocity? Solution Total distance = 30 m + 40 m + 30 m Rest place Starting Point = 100 m Displacement = 40 m to the east. Displacement 30 m 30 m 40 m Average speed = 100 m 40 = 2.5ms -1 Velocity = 40 m = 1.0 ms¯ ¹ 40 s
- 17. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration In a car test, the velocity of a car increases uniformly from rest to 30 ms-1 in 15 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car? Solution: Acceleration = Final Velocity, v – Initial Velocity, u Time taken, t = 30 ms -1 – 0 ms-1 15 s = 2 ms-2
- 18. Quantity Apply the concept of linearmotion in solving the related problems by using formula Symbol Unit Distance/displacement s m Time t s Initial Velocity u ms¯¹ Final Velocity v ms¯¹ Acceleration/deceleration a ms¯² Equation Unit Physic Quantity Displacement Velocity Acceleration M (Metre) V = u + at ms¯¹ (metre/second) A=v – u t ms¯² (metre/second)
- 19. Apply the concept of linearmotion in solving the related problems by using formula A driver accelerates his car from 20 ms¯². What is his velocity after 8 seconds ? 3 quantities are known Solution : U = 20ms¯¹ First trial Second trial a = 2 ms¯² ? x v = u +2 a s ? v=u+at v = 20 + 2 (8) = 36 ms¯¹ t = 8s v=? Unable to calculate, because only two quantity are known
- 20. v, m sˉ¹ Illustrade velocity– time graph. Increasing velocity Constant/Uniform acceleration v, m sˉ¹ t (s) Constant/Uniform velocity Zero acceleration v, m sˉ¹ t (s) Decreasing velocity Constant/Uniform deceleration t (s)
- 21. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration Exercise A. A cow moves 3 meter to the east and then 4 meter to the north. Find the : i. Total distance moved by the cow ii. Displacement of the cow B. A runner runs from the starting line and achieves a velocity of 18m/s in 3 seconds. Calculate his acceleration.
- 22. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A cow moves 3 meter to the east and then 4 meter to the north. Find the : i) Total distance moved by the cow ii) Displacement of the cow Solution : C 4m A 3m B C 5m A 3m 4m B The total distance moved by the cow = Length of AB + Length of BC = 3m + 4m = 7m AC = √AB²+ BC² = √3²+ 4² = √9+ 16 = √25 = 5m
- 23. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A runner runs from the starting line and achieves a velocity of 18m/s in 3 seconds. Calculate his acceleration. Solution u = o m/s v = 18 m/s t = 3s a=v–u t a = 18 – 0 3 a = 6 m/s²
- 24. Q1(d) A. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A runner runs from the starting line and achieves a velocity of 20 m/s¹ in 2.6 seconds. (CLO3) i. Calculate his acceleration (2 marks) ii. If the acceleration is constant, calculate the displacement traveled in 6.5 second. ( 2 marks)
- 25. A. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A runner runs from the starting line and achieves a velocity of 20 m/s¹ in 2.6 seconds. (CLO3) i. Calculate his acceleration (2 marks) v = u + at 20 = 0 + a(2.6) …………..(1 m) a = 20 2.6 a = 7.69 m/s² …………(1 m)
- 26. A runner runsfrom the starting line and achieves a velocity of 20 m/s¹ in 2.6 seconds. (CLO3) ii If the acceleration is constant, calculate the displacement traveled in 6.5 second. A. Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed, velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration (2 marks) s = u t + 1 at² 2 s = 0 + 1 ( 7.69) (6.5) ² ………( 1 m) 2 s = 162.45 m …………..( 1 m)
- 27. Q1(d) Objective…… Describe distance , displacement, speed,velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration & deceleration A car starting from rest and accelerates at a constant acceleration of 5 m/s² for 10 s. The car then travels at a constant velocity for 15 s. the brakes are then applied and the car stops in 5 s. i. Sketch a velocity- time graph for the whole journey a=v–u t 5=v–0 10 v = 50 m/s v (m/s) 50 0 10 25 30 t (s)
- 28. Achieved the objective Define scalarand vector quantities. Define linear motion Define uniform and non-uniform motion. Describe distance, displacement, speed, velocity, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration and deceleration. Apply the concept of linear motion in solving the related problems by using formula Illustrade velocity – time graph. Determine the velocity, acceleration and displacement from the graphs.
- 29. shows a personmove with 2ms-1 along a circular path. The magnitude of the quickness is the same, but the direction keeps changing. Hence we say that the velocity of this person keep changing when he moves through the path.
- 30. www.youtube.com Modul BB101 –Engineering Science (JMSK)