presentation on geothermal energy and how it is extracted from the earths core which is helpful in future....

1. Scheme of Presentation
 INTRODUCTION
 POTENTIAL OF GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE
 GLOBAL TECHNICAL POTENTIAL
 TECHNOLGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
 CASE STUDY
 INTERNATIONAL GEOTHERMAL POWER UPDATE
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
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2. What is Geothermal Energy?
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• Geo (Greek for earth)
Thermal (heat)
• 1904 by Prince Piero
Ginori Conti.
• Temp. of Shallow
Crust (upper 10 ft.)
Constant 55-75°F (13-
24°C)
• Up to 14,400°F
(8,000°C) at Molten
Core.
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3. Heat generated form various
natural process such as:
• Heat from when the planet
has formed and accreted,
which has not yet been lost.
• Decay of the radioactive
elements.
• Friction.
The deeper you go the hotter it is! 4/23
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4. Types of geothermal resources
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Type Subtype Temperature
Range
Utilization
Current Future
Convective systems
(hydrothermal)
Continental H, I & L Power, Direct use
Submarine H None Power
Conductive systems
Shallow (<400
m) L Direct use (GHP)
Hot rock (EGS) H, I Power Power,
Direct
use
Magma bodies H None Power,
Direct
use
Deep aquifer
systems
Hydrostatic
aquifers
H, I & L Direct use Power,
Direct
use
Geo-pressured H, I & L Direct use Direct
use
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5. 5/23
Potential Of Geothermal Resource
• The total thermal energy contained in the Earth is of the order of 12.6 x 1012
EJ.
• It is believed to be enough heat radiating from the center of the Earth to
fulfill human energy demands for the remainder of the biosphere’s lifetime.
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6. Depth
range (km)
Technically accessible stored heat
from EGS Estimated technical
potential (electric) for EGS
(EJ/yr)(106
EJ)
Source
0–10 403 Rowley, 1982 1051.8
0–10 110.4 Tester et al., 2005 288.1
0–5 139.5 Interpolation between values
from Rowley (1982)
and EPRI (1978)
364.2
0–5 55.9 Interpolation between values
from Tester et al.
(2005) and EPRI (1978)
145.9
0–3 34.1 EPRI, 1978 89.1
Global EGS technical Potentials for Electricity
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7. Geothermal Technical Potentials for electricity and direct uses
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8. TechnologyAnditsApplication
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 Exploration.
 Drilling.
 Reservoir Engineering.
 Power plants.
 Enhanced Geothermal system.
 Direct Use.
Magnetotelluric
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9. 9/23
Schematic diagram of a Geothermal condensing steam power plant.
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10. 10/23
Schematic diagram of a geothermal binary-cycle power plant
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Schematic diagram Enhanced Geothermal system12

12. Direct use of geothermal energy
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13. Case Study
Geothermal Project India -Apollo hospitals, Hyderabad
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Project Details: Cancer Building, Hyderabad, TS, INDIA.
Project Manager: Geothermal India.
Project Design: Geothermal India.
Distributor: Geothermal India.
Equipment: Climate Master Inc.
Key features:
 Building Size: 40,000 sq.; Ground plus 4.
 Project Size: 200+TR.
 Building Usage: Healthcare.
 Type of System: Water-Source Heat Pumps (WSHP)
 Units: Various sizes of Climate Master Inc. indoor and rooftop units
 Special Condition: 100% Outside Air on 4th floor for specialist treatment
 Energy Savings: 43.6%.
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Comparison between the companies
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15. Geothermal Project Iceland by Mannvit.
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Cost Breakdown of a Geothermal Project
Typical investment cost in flash plants in Iceland per MW for
electrical is around US$ 2.5 to 3.0 million.
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16. International Geothermal Power Update16
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Geothermal power capacity today and in future.

17. Important Geothermal Markets Announced Planned Capacity
Additions & Targets
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18. Advantages
 It is a renewable source of energy.
 By far, it is non-polluting and environment friendly.
 There is no wastage or generation of by-products.
 Geothermal energy can be used directly.
 Geothermal energy is “Home grown.”
 Geothermal plants can be online 100%-90% of the time. Coal plants 75% of the time & 65%
of the time.
 Geothermal electric plants production in 13.380 g of Carbon dioxide per kWh, 453 g/kWh for
natural gas, 906 g/kWh for oil and 1042 g/kWh for coal.
 Electricity generated by geothermal plants saves 83.3 million barrels of fuel each year. This
prevents 40.2 million tons of CO2 from being emitted into the atmosphere.
 Direct use of prevents 103.6 million barrels of fuel each year. This stops 49.6 tons of CO2
from being emitted into the atmosphere.
 Geothermal Heat Pumps:
 1) Produces 4 times the energy that they consume.
 2) Initially costs more to install, but its maintenance cost is 1/3 of the cost for a typical
conventional heating system and it decreases electric bill.
 3) Can be installed with the help of special programs that offer low interest rate loans.
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19. Disadvantages
 Only few sites have the potential of Geothermal Energy
 Geothermal power plant are from cities.
 There is always a danger of Eruption of volcano.
 Noise pollution.
 Power plants that do not inject the cooled water back into the ground can release
H2S, the “rotten eggs” gas.
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20. CONCLUSION
 Geothermal heating system can replace fossil fuels heating system in a particular
area.
 Annual costs for common heating purposes can be reduced by more than 60%.
 Potential exists to provide all energy requirements.
 Geothermal energy appears to be a partial solution to our energy needs
 Use of geothermal resources reduces the damage of ozone layer.
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