General energy technologies that involved in power generation

1. NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
BY
K.Bhavana

2.  COAL: The first major break through is the application
of fluidized bed technology for the coal gasification,
carbonization and combustion.
presently pressurised fluidized bed technology is
being developed to further improve the performance.
ADVANTAGES:
1) High combustion efficiency.
2) fuel flexibility.
3) corrosion caused by alkali compounds in ash
significantly reduced.
4) uniform temperature.
5) Operation is simple.

3. OIL: Improved efficiencies in the range of 5-15% are
reported. Oil burner design has been improved in terms of
primary air and secondary air mixing and combustion. power
consumption was much smaller than that of conventional
mechanical pressure atomisation .
GAS: It has become economical to run long distances
pipelines for the gas to be transported several 100kms
to the place where it can be used. Biogas from rural,
urban and industrial waste is another area presently
under development.

4. NON CONVENTIONAL
ENERGY SOURCES
1) Solar energy
2) Wind energy
3) Energy from biomass and bio gas
4) Energy plantation
5) Tidal energy
6) Geo thermal energy
7) Magneto hydro dynamics generator

5. SOLAR ENERGY
SUN’s energy can be
utilized as thermal and
photovoltaics this can be a
major source of power.
The solar power on earth’s
surface is 10^16 watts.
Utilization of solar energy is
of great importance to India
since it lies in a temperature
climate of the region where
sunlight is abundant.

6. APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR
ENERGY
1) Solar water heating.
2) Solar cookers.
3) Food refrigeration.
4) Solar drying.
5) Solar distillation.
6) Heating and cooling of buildings.
7) Solar ponds.

7. WIND ENERGY
• Winds are caused by two
factors.
1) Heating and cooling of
atmosphere
2) The rotation of earth with
respect to atmosphere, and
its motion around the sun.
• The energy available in
winds over the earth’s
surface is estimated to be
1.6*10^7MW.

8. Types of windmills
 Horizontal axis
1) Multi blade type wind mill
2) Sail type wind mill
3) Propeller type wind mill
 Vertical axis
1) Savonius type
2) Darrieus type

9. ENERGY PLANTATION
 For large production
electrical power the
use of fire wood as a
fuel for the boilers of a
conventional power
plant is suggested this
approach is called the
energy plantation.

10. Bio mass
 Biomass is produced in nature
through photosynthesis achieved by
solar energy conversion.
H2O + CO2 = CH2O + O2
 Biomass resources
1) Traditional solid form
2) Non traditional form
3) Fermentation

11. BIO GAS
 The main source of production
of biogas is wet cow dung or wet live
stock waste.
 The other sources of biogas are:
1) Vegetable waste
2) Crop residue
3) Pig manures
4) Algae

12. OCEAN THERMAL
 The surface of water
collected and stored in
tropical oceans acts as a
collector for solar heat , while
the upper layer of the sea
constitutes infinite heat
storage reservoir.
 The heat contained in
oceans could be converted
into electricity by utilising
temperature difference
between warm surface of
water

13. TIDAL ENERGY

14. Geo thermal energy
 This is the energy which lies
embedded with in the earth.
 Two ways of electrical
production from geo thermal
energy are:
1) In this the heat energy is
transferred to the working
fluid which operates the
power cycle.
2) The hot geo thermal water
and steam is used to operate
the turbines directly.

15. MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMICS
GENERATOR
• The principal of MHD power
generation enables direct
conversion of thermal energy to
electrical energy.
• when an electric conductor
moves across a magnetic field a
voltage is induced in it which
produces an electric current .
• the solid conductors are
replaced by a fluid which may be
either an ionized gas or liquid
metal which is electrically
conducting .

16. THANK YOU