This document discusses the differences between sex, gender, gender identity, and sexual orientation. It defines sex as one's biological status as male, female or intersex based on physical traits. Gender is defined as the social and cultural roles associated with each sex. Gender identity refers to one's internal sense of gender, which may or may not align with their sex assigned at birth. Sexual orientation describes one's emotional and sexual attraction to other genders. The document notes that while sex traits are universal, gender roles can vary significantly across cultures.

1. GENDER AND
HUMAN SEXUALITY

2. Everyone has a biological sex – whether they are female, male, or intersex.
– one’s sown social and legal status as men or women.
– term used to describe whether a person feels
sexual desire for people of other gender, same gender, or both genders.
Each person has a gender and a gender identity.
– one’s deepest feelings about his or her gender.
Gender identity is expressed in the way a person acts, like masculine, feminine,
neuter, or both. Some people are tansgender, which means that their biological
sex and gender identity do not match up.
Each one has a sexual orientation as well. He or she may be bisexual, gay,
lesbian, straight, or he or she may be “questioning” – unsure about his or her
sexual orientation.

3. The more a person understands biological sex, gender, gender identity,
and sexual orientation, the more he or she may understand oneself and
how she or she relates to other people. Because sex and gender are so
complex, questions may arise regarding one’s own sexual orientation or
gender identity. A person may wonder about someone he or she knows,
or he or she may have questions about how society views sex and
gender, and the issues related to these like homophobia, sexism, and
transphobia.

4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
SEX AND GENDER

5. Sex
■ refers to physiological difference between among male, female, and
various intersex bodies.
■ It includes both primary sex characteristics (those related to the
reproductive system) and secondary sex characteristics (those that are
not directly related to the reproductive system, such as breasts and
facial hair).
■ In humans, the biological sex of a child is determined at birth based on
sexual factors, including chromosomes, gonads, hormones, internal
reproductive anatomy, and genitalia.

6. SEXUAL FACTORS:
CHROMOSOMES
REPRODUCTIVE
ORGANS
Gonads/primary Reproductive Organs: ovaries
Gonads/primary Reproductive Organs: testes
Genitals/genitalia – organs involve in reproduction

7. SEXUAL FACTORS:

8. Gender
■ Sex does not always corresponds with his or her gender, therefore the terms
“sex” and “gender” are not interchangeable.
■ It refers to social or cultural distinctions associated with being male, female,
or intersex.
■ Typically, babies born with male sex characteristics (sex) are assigned as
boys (gender); babies born with female sex characteristics (sex) are assigned
as girls (gender).
■ Gender identity
– a person’s sense of self as a member of a particular gender.
– CISGENDER
 individuals identify themselves with a role corresponds to the sex
assigned them at birth. Ex: an individual born with male sex
characteristics, were assigned as boy, and identify themselves today as a
boy or a man.

9. Gender
– TRANSGENDER
■ an individual identify with a role that is different from biological sex. Ex: an
individual born with male characteristics, were assigned as a boy, but
identify themselves today as a girl, a woman, or some other gender
altogether.
■ it also encompasses a wide range of possible identities: gender, gender
fluid, gender queer, and two-spirit (for many indigenous people.

11. CULTURALVARIATIONS
OF GENDER

12.  Since the term “sex” refers to biological or physical distinctions,
characteristics of sex will not vary significantly between different human
societies.
 For example: persons of the female sex, in general, regardless of culture,
will eventually menstruate and develop breasts that can lactate.
 Characteristics of gender, may vary greatly between different societies.
 For example: in American culture, it is considered feminine (or trait of the
female gender) to wear a dress or skirt. However, in many Middle Eastern,
Asian, and African cultures, dresses or skirts (often referred to as sarongs,
robes, or gown) can be considered masculine. Similarly, the kilt worn by a
Scottish does not make him appear feminine in his culture.

13. - refers to people’s sexual interest in and attraction to others, as well as their
capacity to have erotic experiences and responses.
- People’s sexual orientation is their emotional and sexual attraction to particular
sexes or genders which often shapes their sexuality.
- Sexuality may be experienced and expressed in a variety of ways including
thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, practices, roles,
and relationships.
- These may manifest themselves in biological, physical, emotional, social, or
spiritual aspects.

14. – largely concern the human
reproductive functions, including the human-sexual response cycle and the
basic biological drive that exists in all species.
– include bonds between individuals that
are expressed through profound feelings or physical manifestation of love,
trust, and care.
– deal with the effects of human society on one’s sexuality,
– concerns an individuals spiritual connection with others
through sexuality.
 Sexuality also affects and is affected by cultural, political, legal, philosophical,
moral, ethical, and religious aspects of life.