2. HUMAN SEXUALITY
Human sexuality is the capacity to have erotic
experiences and responses. Sexuality may be
experienced and expressed in a variety of ways,
including through thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs,
attitudes, values, behaviors, practices, roles and
relationships, which may manifest by way of
biological, physical, emotional, or spiritual aspects.
6. HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE
1. APPETITIVE PHASE
2. EXCITEMENT PHASE
3. PLATEAU PHASE
4. ORGASMIC PHASE
5. RESOLUTION PHASE
7. SEXUALITY
“ Central aspect of being
human throughout life &
encompasses sex , gender
identities & roles , sexual
orientation , eroticism,
pleasure, intimacy&
reproduction.”
WHO,2002
8. SEXUAL IDENTITY
Sexual identity is a person’s
of his or her gender ,
gender identity ,
gender role & gender
orientation. All of these are
a part of person’s overall
self concept.
10. GENDER IDENTITY:
It is an internal
experience : whether
we feel like a man or a
woman.
11. SEXUAL ORIENTATION
Acording to the American Psychological Association
sexual orientation "also refers to a person's sense of
identity based on those attractions, related behaviours,
and membership in a community of others who share
those attractions".
18. SOME FORMS OF SEXUAL
EXPRESSION
Developing intimate relationship
Masturbation
Fantasies & erotic dreams
Shared touching
Sexual intercourse
Oral genital stimulation: When a woman is the
recipient of oral stimulation to her genitals, the
practice is called cunnilingus. For the men the
same is known as fellatio.)
Anal stimulation(anilingus)
Celibacy : it is a state in which individual refrains
from sexual activity.
19. WHAT PROBLEMS AFFECTS SEXUALITY?
Sexually Transmitted
Disorders
Dysmenorrhoea
Pre-menstrual Syndrome
Negative intimate
relationship , domestic
violence
Sexual harassment
Rape(Gang rape,
statutory rape, date rape)
Sexual response cycle
disorder
20. DSM'S 3 MAJOR TYPES OF
SEXUAL DISORDERS
1. Gender Identity Disorder
2. Paraphilias-sexual attraction to
an unusual object or activity
3. Sexual dysfunctions
-sexual performance or arousal
disorder
21. INTERSEX
A person born with ambiguous sex
characteristics that do not seem to
conform to cultural or societal
expectations of a distinctly male or
female gender. For example, some
intersexed individuals are born with the
reproductive organs of both males and
females or ambiguous genitalia. In
some cases a person is not found to
have intersex anatomy until he or she
reaches puberty.
22. GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER
Gender identity disorder is a strong and persistent
cross-gender identification
-not just a desire for any perceived cultural
advantage of being the other sex
-not a result of an intersex condition
(hermaphrodite)
-diagnosis involves 2 criteria that differ by age-
A. desire to be the opposite sex
B. discomfort with his or her own sex
35. DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES FOR
INFERTILITY
MALE FEMALE
SEMEN ANALYSIS
SERUM
PROGESTERONE,
LH, FSH
SPERM
PENETRATION
ASSAY
BASAL BODY TEMP.
SERUM HORMONES
URINARY LH
PAP TEST
OVULATORY STUDY
TUBAL PATENCY STUDY
POSTCOITAL TEST
ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY
PEVIC USG
GENETIC SCREENING
36. TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY
MALE FEMALE
MEDICATION
LIFESTYLE
MODIFICATION
CORRECTIVE
SURGERY
IN VITRO
FERTILIZATION
HRT
INTRAUTERINE
INSEMINATION
DRUG THERAPY
ASSITED
REPRODUCTIVE
TECHNIQUES
37. DRUG THERAPY
SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR
MENOTROPIN/ HUMAN MENOPAUSAL
GONADOTROPIN
FSH AGONISTS
GnRH ANTAGONISTS
GnRH AGONISTS
HCG
38. INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) involves a laboratory
procedure to separate fast moving sperm from more
sluggish or non-moving sperm.
The fast moving sperm are then placed into the woman’s
womb close to the time of ovulation when the egg is
released from the ovary in the middle of the monthly cycle.
39. IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
A PROCESS BY WHICH AN
EGG IS FERTILISED BY SPERM OUTSIDE
THE BODY: IN VITRO ("IN GLASS"). THE
PROCESS INVOLVES MONITORING AND
STIMULATING A WOMAN'S OVULATORY
PROCESS, REMOVING OVUM OR
OVA (EGG OR EGGS) FROM THE
WOMAN'S OVARIES AND LETTING
SPERM FERTILISE THEM IN A FLUID
MEDIUM IN A LABORATORY. THE
FERTILISED EGG (ZYGOTE) IS
CULTURED FOR 2–6 DAYS IN A GROWTH
MEDIUM AND IS THEN IMPLANTED
IN THE SAME OR ANOTH ER
WOMAN'S UTERUS, WITH THE
INTENTION OF ESTABLISHING A
SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY
40. GAMETE INTRA-FALLOPIAN
a tool of assisted reproductive
technology against infertility. Eggs are removed
from a woman's ovaries, and placed in one of
the Fallopian tubes, along with the man's sperm.
The technique, which was pioneered by
endocrinologist Ricardo Asch, allows fertilization
to take place inside the woman's uterusa tool
of assisted reproductive
technology against infertility. Eggs are removed
from a woman's ovaries, and placed in one of
the Fallopian tubes, along with the man's sperm.
The technique, which was pioneered by
endocrinologist Ricardo Asch, allows fertilization
to take place inside the woman's uterus
41.
42. Masters and Johnson’s technique:here the patient is
not treated alone ,both the partners are
treated together,so known as dual sex
therapy. Steps are: 1. Detailed history
taking, 2. Round table discussion, 3.
Behaviour modification(this step depends
on type of psychosexual dysfunction).
Techniques used for behaviour modification
are,-1.sensate focus technique, 2. Squeeze
technique.
43. EMBRYO CRYOPRESERVATION
Cryopreservation of embryos is the
process of preserving an embryo at sub-zero
temperatures, generally at
an embryogenesis stage corresponding to
pre-implantation, that is,
from fertilisation to the blastocyst stage.
45. SEXUAL RIGHTS
Sexual rights embrace human rights that are already
recognized in national laws, international human rights
documents and other consensus statements. They
include the right of all persons, free of coercion,
discrimination and violence, to:
• The highest attainable standard of sexual health,
including access to sexual and reproductive health care
services;
• seek, receive and impart information related to sexuality;
• Sexuality education;
• Respect for bodily integrity;
46. SEXUAL RIGHTS
(CONT.)
choose their partner;
decide to be sexually active or not;
Consensual sexual relations;
Consensual marriage;
decide whether or not, and when, to have
children; and
pursue a satisfying, safe and pleasurable sexual
life.
The responsible exercise of human rights requires
that all persons respect the rights of others and
amended following the consultation by a small
international working group.
