This document provides an overview of grafting, specifically grafting in cactus plants. It discusses the history and types of grafting. Grafting involves fusing the tissue of two plants together, with the bottom part providing roots/support (rootstock) and the upper part providing leaves/flowers/fruits (scion). Grafting is used in cacti to produce disease-free stems, provide new stems when old ones rot, and create unique forms. Common rootstocks include Hylocereus trigonus and Cereus peruvianus. The method involves cutting matching pieces from the rootstock and scion, attaching them, and sealing with tape to fuse. New shoots then emerge from

1. GRAFTING
(GENEREAL IDEA AND GRAFTING IN CACTUS PLANT)
NAME : ALTAFUR RAHMAN
NEPTUNE: UCSSMF

2. CONTENTS
• History
• What is Grafting?
• Why grafting?
• Types of grafting
• Grafting machine
• Grafting in Cactus plant

3. HISTORY
• Grafting is very ancient technique, especially with fruit crops
• In vegetables( cucurbits), it was briefly described in 17th century book written
by Hong.
• And then production of grafted vegetables plants was first begun in japan
and Korea in late 1920s with watermelon (Citrus lanatus) grafted onto
pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) rootstock(Lee 1994).
• Later grafting was introduced to north America in the late 20th century.
• Now very common in Asia, parts of Europe and the middle east.

4. WHAT IS GRAFTING ???
Grafting is a propagation method where the tissue of two plants are fused together. The
bottom part of the plant that contributes roots and support is called the rootstock. The
upper part contributing leaves, flowers, fruits and stems, is called the scion. ?

5. WHY ??

6. Types Of Grafting?
• Cleft Grafting
• Bark Grafting
• Whip or Tongue Grafting
• Side-Veneer Graft
• Splice Grafting
• Saddle Grafting
• Bridge Grafting
• Inarch Grafting

7. • Cleft Grafting Bark Grafting

8. • Whip or Tongue Grafting Side-Veneer Graft Splice Grafting

9. Saddle Grafting Bridge Grafting
Inarch Grafting

10. GRAFTING MACHINE
The grafting machines, Omega Star and Omega Uno, the evolution of traditional cutters, are machines that cut
and form the now classic omega graft which takes its name from the shape of the Greek letter, omega. The
machines guarantee a perfect graft union.

11. • Cactus propagation is commonly done by grafting, a process where a cut
piece of one species is grown onto a wounded piece of another.
• Different species work better with different methods but a brief cactus
grafting guide follows with basic instructions on how to graft a cactus.
GRAFTING IN CACTUS PLANT

12. Why grafting in cactus ?
• Cacti are grafted for a variety of reasons. One may simply be to produce a different
species mechanically, but the process also produces disease free stems, to provide a
new stem for an existing stem that is rotting or to enhance photosynthesis in plants
that lack the ability.
• Grafting cactus plants is also done to create unique forms, such as weeping plants.
Rootstock Cactus for Grafting:
• Hylocereus trigonus or undatus, Cereus peruvianus, Trichocereus spachianus
• Also, if the rootstock and scion are in the same species, the compatibility is
excellent. Compatibility decreases as the family relationship decreases.

13. • plants in the same genus may possibly graft, but two in the same genera are rare
and two in the same family are very rare.
• The appropriate cactus for grafting are, therefore, the ones in the same species and
with as close a relationship as possible for the best outcome.
Some basic parameters that are important to consider and choosing stock.
• Growth Rate
• Cultivation requirements
• Life time
• Availability
• Mature cladodes do best and respond.
• The cladodes of the rootstock and scion portion should be as close to the same size
as possible.

14. METHOD
• The cutting tool (knife) should be sterilized
• first step is to remove a 5-cm to 7-cm piece of the rootstock terminal cladode and to cut an
equal-sized piece of the tip of the donor cladode to be used as the scion.
• The graft cut tip can be attached to the rootstock using wooden toothpicks punched through
the graft and into the rootstock. Sometimes, this is sufficient for a successful match, but
usually this results in less than 50% success.
Small wedge of thornless O. ficus-indica
grafted onto rootstock of O. cochinillifera

15. • To insure a 95% to 100% success, after attaching the graft to the rootstock
with toothpicks, we use clear 7.5-cm-wide box tape to seal out air and give
greater stability to the attached graft .
• The tape should be left on for at least 60 days, although the graft probably
will sprout a new cladode in 60 days.
Example of Clear Tape Used to Keep the Scion Securely in
Place on the Rootstock

16. • Also, a deep, clean cut can be made on the desired rootstock and, very
simply, a piece of graft can be inserted and sealed with grafting wax.
• Figure shows an example of the new shoots that have emerged from the
graft union
Example of Newly Resprouted Shoots of O.
ficus-indica on O. cochinillifera Rootstock
Plane View of Thornless O. ficus-
indica Grafted on O. cochinillifera

17. Example of Thorny O. ficus-indica
Grafted on O. cochinillifera
Lateral View of Thornless O. ficus-
indica grafted on O. cochinillifera

18. References
• http://www.jpacd.org/downloads/Vol5/V5P106-114.pdf
• https://aggie-
horticulture.tamu.edu/faculty/davies/pdf%20stuff/ph%20final%20galley/M12_DAVI449
E_C12.pdf
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4269114/
• https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/cacti-succulents/scgen/grafting-cactu
plants.htm
• http://www.cesarefornasier.it/grafting-machine/?lang=en
• https://science.jrank.org/pages/3090/Graft-History-important-examples-grafting.html