Erwinia rot & solution for banana
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Erwinia rot is a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia species that causes soft rot in banana rhizomes. It produces the enzyme pectinase which breaks down pectin and damages plant storage tissues. Symptoms include yellowing and whitening of leaves, foul odor, and soft blackened roots. Preventive measures include avoiding wet conditions, crop rotation, and cleaning gardens and tools. Control measures include using Bourdex mixture, antibiotics like streptomycin, and bacteriophages which are viruses that target specific bacteria and can control the disease without harming plants.
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The document provides information on diseases that affect periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), including their symptoms, causal organisms, and management strategies. It discusses several fungal diseases like powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe spp., grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea, foliage blight caused by Phytophthora spp., and Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora spp. It also covers bacterial diseases like phyllody caused by phytoplasma, and root rot caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. For each disease, the document outlines symptoms, taxonomy of the causal organism, epidemiology, disease cycle and management
Erwinia cartovora ppt
Erwinia carotovora, commonly known as soft rot or black leg of potato, is a rod-shaped, motile, gram-negative bacterium that causes soft rot disease in many plant species. It produces pectinases, cellulases, and other enzymes that degrade plant cell walls. Infection causes tissue to become soft, slimy, and foul-smelling. The bacterium has a wide host range that includes crops like carrot, potato, tomato, and cabbage. Disease management strategies include using certified disease-free seeds, inspecting seed tubers for symptoms, avoiding excess irrigation, crop rotation, and storing produce at low temperatures.
Mite pest of cereal crops.pptx
This document discusses various mite pests that affect cereal and vegetable crops. It outlines the scientific names and symptoms caused by different mite species on rice, wheat, maize, sorghum and vegetables like chilli and potato. Management involves destroying infested crop residues, applying acaricides like fenazaquin and wettable sulfur, and maintaining a fallow period between crops.
Major diseases of horticultural crops and their managemnt
This document discusses several major diseases that affect horticultural crops and their management. It describes the symptoms, etiology, disease cycle, and management strategies for anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in mangoes. It also discusses powdery mildew caused by Oidium mangiferae, mango malformation caused by Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans, red rust caused by Cephaleuros virescens, and Panama wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in bananas. Finally, it summarizes the moko disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, banana bunch
Corn Diseases123455677gfhghdfssdgffvfgh545
This document provides information on various diseases that affect corn in the Philippines. It discusses 78 total diseases which are broken into 6 bacterial, 54 fungal, 9 nematodal and 9 viral diseases. For several key diseases, it describes the causal organism, symptoms, and recommended control measures. The diseases covered in more detail include downy mildew, banded leaf and sheath blight, northern leaf blight, southern leaf blight, brown spot, leaf rust, stalk rots caused by Pythium, Fusarium, bacteria, ear rots, corn smut, maize dwarf mosaic virus, and purple sheath stain.
Seed production of okra( lady's finger )
- Okra is a flowering plant cultivated as an annual vegetable crop for its green seed pods. It is grown widely in India and other tropical regions.
- Hybrid seed production of okra involves emasculation of the male sterile parent followed by hand pollination with pollen from the male parent. Proper synchronization of flowering and a female to male ratio of 8:1 is required.
- Factors such as temperature, soil type, sowing time, seed rate, spacing, fertilizer use, irrigation and pest management must be optimized to produce high quality hybrid okra seeds. Proper isolation, roguing and inspection also help maintain seed purity and standards.
HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION OF OKRA
This document discusses hybrid seed production technology for okra. It begins with an introduction to okra including its classification, origin in India and Africa, and floral morphology. It then discusses temperature and climate needs, sowing times, soil requirements, and fertilizer and pest management practices for commercial okra production. The key aspects of hybrid seed production covered include the use of genetic male sterility, emasculation and pollination techniques, and field isolation distances. Harvest and post-harvest processing including threshing, seed yield standards and certification requirements are also summarized.
Pests of Pumpkins and Squash in Utah
This document provides an overview of common pests that affect pumpkins and squashes in Utah, including diseases, viruses, insects, and mites. It describes the causal agents, symptoms, life cycles and management strategies for key issues like damping-off, powdery mildew, beet curly top virus, cucumber mosaic virus, aphids, cucumber beetles, spider mites, squash bugs, and thrips. Effective integrated pest management involves practices like crop rotation, resistant varieties, sanitation, and targeted use of pesticides to control major pests affecting pumpkin and squash production in Utah.
Seeds, corms, cuttings and cut flower treatments
This document discusses techniques to check the spread of pests and diseases through vegetative propagating materials like seeds, corms, cuttings, and cut flowers. It outlines various asexual propagation methods used by plants and lists example crops. The importance of understanding disease spread is discussed to help devise management practices. Specific diseases spread through different propagating materials for several crops are outlined. Cultural, physical, mechanical, and chemical management methods are described to control pests and diseases of seeds, corms, cuttings and cut flowers.
Organic Pest and Disease Management in Vegetables
The document provides information on various pests and diseases that affect crops like cauliflower, brinjal, chillies and paddy. It describes the causal organisms, symptoms, and management strategies for each issue. For bacterial soft rot in cauliflower, management includes following spacing, avoiding injuries, irrigation control, and application of neem cake or Pseudomonas fluorescens. For boron deficiency in cauliflower, the symptoms and use of borax to correct the deficiency are outlined. Citrus stem borer, whiteflies in brinjal, fruit borers, tobacco caterpillar and other issues are similarly summarized.
Pest of okra.
This document describes several common insect pests that affect okra, including their identification, lifecycles, nature of damage, and management strategies. It discusses the okra shoot and fruit borer, leafhoppers, whiteflies, aphids, red spider mites, and leaf rollers. For each pest, it provides details on identification, larvae and adult appearance, the type of damage caused through feeding, and recommended control measures such as insecticide applications or biological control agents.
parasitic weeds.pptx
Parasitic weeds are plants that derive some or all of their nutrients from other host plants by attaching to and penetrating the host with specialized structures called haustoria. Some of the most economically important parasitic weed genera include Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. Orobanche is a total root parasite of crops like tobacco, tomato and legumes. Striga is a partial root parasite initially dependent on host roots, then produces its own food after emerging from the soil and infecting crops like sorghum and maize. Cuscuta is a total stem parasite wrapping around and penetrating the stems of hosts like alfalfa, clover, and tomatoes to extract nutrients and water.
HEART ROT OF PINEAPPLE
Pineapple heart rot is caused by the oomycete pathogens Phytophthora parasitica and Phytophthora cinnamomi. The fungi infect pineapple plants through irrigation water and rain splash, colonizing the plant roots and basal leaves. Symptoms include yellowing and browning of leaf tips and a soft, watery rot at the base of leaves. Severe infections can spread up the plant stem and rot developing fruit. The disease is managed through use of disease-free planting material, crop rotation, resistant varieties, and fungicide applications.
Plant tissue culture application
This document discusses the application of plant tissue culture techniques in forestry, agriculture, and horticulture. It provides examples of how micropropagation, apical meristem culture, embryo culture, endosperm culture, and haploid plant production can be used for clonal propagation of trees, production of disease-free plants, breeding hybrids, and inducing stress resistance. Specific techniques like encapsulated somatic embryo production and transfer of nitrogen-fixing genes are also summarized. The document outlines impacts on forestry, agriculture, and horticulture industries through large-scale micropropagation of various plants.
Similar to Erwinia rot & solution for banana (20)
Major diseases of horticultural crops and their managemnt
Major diseases of horticultural crops and their managemnt
Erwinia rot & solution for banana
- 1. ERWINA ROT IN BANANA. By -Aditya Bhosale -Parag More
- 2. ERWINIA ROT • Also known as SOFT ROT OF RHIZOME • Rhizome rot disease is caused by Erwinia spp. a bacterial genus known for its ability to cause soft rots on a wide range of host plants and tissues.
- 4. Mechanism of disease: Soft rot: • E. caratovora produces pectinase, an extracellular enzyme which breaks down pectin. • Pectin is a polysaccharide that cements plant cells together. • The pectinase produced by E.caratovora affects the storage tissues of plants which causes harm to plant.
- 5. SYMPTONS • Yellowing and the whitening of the leaves(discoloration ). • Emitting of foul odor. • Softening of roots and turning blackish Diseased plant. Healthy Plant.
- 6. Black soft roots of banana plant.
- 7. PREVENTIVE MEASURES • Avoid wet conditions. • Rotate crops with rot-resistant vegetables (corn, snap beans and beets). • Use caution during garden maintenance. • Keep the garden and tools clean.
- 8. CONTROL MEASURES • Bourdex Mixture. • Antibiotics – e.g.-Streptomycin. • Using specific bacteriophage.
- 9. Use of bacteriophages • Bacteriopahges are the viruses which uses the bacteria a host. • Bacteriophages are target specific. • The particular disease causing microbe can be destroyed with their action. • Bordeaux and antibiotics are used as bacteriostatic agents but they have adverse effects with useful organisms.
- 10. • It do not effects on the cells of the plants. • Its also known as Phage therapy. • Pantoea agglomerans also called as Erwinia herbicola. • Non-pathogenic mutant derivatives of the phytopathogen can be used for phage production. • Phages for control of Listeria monocytogenes have FDA approval for use on food and have been granted GRAS (generally recognised as safe) status.
- 11. THANK YOU…!