Overview of the Aprroaches

1. APPROACHES FOR DEVELOPMENT
OF SALT TOLERANT PLANT
THROUGHGENETIC MANIPULATION
SHAHID JAMAL
M.SC(P)
DEPARTMENT OF

2. WHATIS SALINITY?
●Salinity is the saltiness or amount of salt
dissolve in a body
SOIL SALINITY: A Saline soil is defined as
having concentration of soluble salts,high
enough to affect the plant growth

4. EFFECT OF SALINITY INPLANT
CULTIVATION
●Salts in the soil may inhibit Plant growth for
two reason
1.The presence of salt in the soil solution
reduces the ability of the plant to take up
water and this lead to reduction in the growth
rate.This is reffered as OSMOTIC or
WATER DEFICIT EFFECT OF
SALINITY

5. 2.If excessive amount of salt enter the plant
in the transpiration stream there will be injury
to cells in the transpiring leaves and this
may cause further reduction of growth. This
is called the SALT SPECIFIC OR ION
EXCESS EFFECT OF
SALINITY(Greenway and Munns,1980)

6. A saline patch of soil in a wheat field
clearly hinders plant growth

7. NEED FORDEVELOPING SALT
TOLERANTCROP
●India's economy is largely based on the
agriculture,as more than 60% of the population of
the India is engaged in agriculture for their
livelihood.
●The population of India is increasing at the
rate of 5% per annum and the cultivable land is
shrunking day by day because of
industrialisation.
●Therefore we need to grow more and more
food for the teeming population in the existing

10. HOW CANWE DEVELOP SALT
TOLERANTCROP?
●We can develop it through the genetic
engineering.
GENETIC ENGINEERING-The deliberate modification
of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its
genetic material
●The tools always for genetic engineering is
Recombinant DNA Technology

11. RECOMBINANT DNA
TECHNOLOGY
HISTORY
●The idea of recombinant was first proposed by
Peter Lobban , a graduate of Professor Dale Kaiser
in the Biochemistry Department at Stanford
University Medical school.
●The first publications describing the
successful production and intracellular
replication of rDNA appeared in 1972 and
1973 at UCSF (University Of California , San
Francisco)

12. ●The first licensed drug generated using RDT
was human insulin,developed by Genentech
Licensed by Eli Lily and company
●Stanford University applied for US patent
on rDNA in 1974, listing the inventors as
Herbert W.Bayer (Prof. at the UCSF) and
Stanley N.Cohen (Prof. at Stanford
University) this patent was awarded in 1980

13. STEPS IN RDT
Isolation of DNA
Cleavage of DNA with R.E
Joining of DNA fragment
Introduction of rDNA into host cell
Identification of recombinant cells

15. MECHANISM OF SALINITY
TOLERANCE

16. EXAMPLES

19. SALT TOLERANTHIGH YIELDINDG
VARIETIES DEVELOPED
Salt tolerant high yielding varieties developed:
Rice – CSR-49, CSR 36, CSR 30 (basmati type), CSR 27, CSR 23,
CSR 13 and CSR 10
Rice variety for coastal regions:- Butnath (CSRC(S) 5-2-2-5) and
Sumati- CSRC-CSRC(S) 2-1-7
Wheat :- KRL 213, KRL 210, KRL 19 and KRL 1-4
Indian Mustard:- CS 56, CS 54 and CS 52
Chick pea (gram)- Karnal Chana 1
Genotypes Registered as salt tolerant germplasms
Dhaincha (sesbania)- CSD 137 and CSD-123
CSR 43-A NEW SALT VARIETY RELEASED BY UP
GOVERNMENT

20. THANK YOU!