The document describes the main components of plant and animal cells. It explains that the nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material in the form of chromosomes. The cytoplasm contains organelles like mitochondria, which produce energy for the cell, and ribosomes, which help make proteins. Plant cells also contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a cell wall for structure and support. Vacuoles act as storage areas, and a cell membrane surrounds and protects the cell.

1. 4/7/2015 1

2.  Nucleus
- Large Oval body near the centre of the cell.
- The control centre for all activity.
- Surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
 Nucleoplasm
- is the protoplasm in the nucleus.
- contains genetic material ---> CHROMOSOMES (DNA)
 Nucleolus
- is found in the nucleus.
- contains more genetic information (RNA)
4/7/2015 2
 Cell
Is the basic structural and functional unit of life
Functions of cell

3.  Cell Membrane
- the outer boundary of the cell.
- it separates the cell from other cells.
- it is porous ---> allows molecules to pass through.
 Cell Wall ( Plant Cells Only )
- non living structure that surrounds the plant cell.
- protects + supports the cell.
- made up of a tough fibre called cellulose.
4/7/2015 3

4.  Cyto Plasm
- cell material outside the nucleus but within the cell
membrane.
- clear thick fluid.
- contains structures called organelles.
 Vacuoles
- are clear fluid sacs that act as storage areas for
food, minerals, and waste.
- in plant cell the vacuoles are large and mostly
filled with water. This gives the plant support.
- in animal cells the vacuoles are much smaller.
4/7/2015 4

5.  Mitochondria
- power house of the cell.
- centre of respiration of the cell.
- they release energy for cell functions.
 Chloro Plasts ( Plant cells only )
- contains a green pigment known as chlorophyll
which is important for photosynthesis.
 Ribosomes
- tiny spherical bodies that help make proteins.
- found in the cyto plasm or attached to the endo
plasmic reticulum.
4/7/2015 5

6.  Endo Plasmic Reticulum ( ER )
- systems of membranes throughout the cyto plasm.
- it connects the nuclear membrane to the cell
membrane.
- passageway for material moving though the cell.
 Golgi Bodies
- tube like structures that have tiny sacs at their ends.
- they help package protein.
 Lysosomes
- " suicide sacs "
- small structures that contain enzymes which are used
in digestion.
- if a lysosome were to burst it could destroy the cell.4/7/2015 6

7. 4/7/2015 7

8. 4/7/2015 8