This document summarizes the structure and function of plant cells. It begins with an introduction stating that plant cells are the fundamental unit of life for plants and are eukaryotic. The document then lists and describes the major organelles of plant cells, including the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, vacuoles, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomes. It explains the role and importance of each organelle. In conclusion, it emphasizes that the complex structure of plant cells allows them to perform vital functions and that chloroplasts play a key role in photosynthesis, which is essential for plant survival.

1. MOUNT TABOR TRAINING COLLEGE PATHANAPURAM
ONLINEASSIGNMENT
TOPIC
STRUCTURE OF PLANT CELL
Submitted to
Dr.Asha K Thomas mam
MTTC Pathanapuram
Submitted on : 05 – 10 - 2023
Submitted by
Athulya Krishna L
1st Semester
Natural science
MTTC Pathanapuram

2. INTRODUCTION
Plants cells are the fundamental units of life in the green
kingdom.
They are eukaryotic cells, which means they have a true
nucleus and other specialized organelles, allowing for complex
functions and interactions.
This go through the structure, function, and significance of
plant cells.

3. STRUCTURE OF PLANT CELL
The structure of plant cell is complex enough to perform certain functions.
Observe different parts of the plant cell.

4. Parts of plant cell
 Cell wall
 Cell membrane
 Cytoplasm
 Nucleus
 Mitochondrion
 Endoplasmic reticulum
 Ribosome
 Golgi complex
 Chloroplast
 Vacuole

5. Cell Wall
Outer layer of the plant cell
Cell wall is made up of cellulose
It provides protection to the cell
Cell Membrane
Also known as plasma membrane
A thin semi permeable membrane
Regulate the movement of substance in and out of the cell

6. Nucleus
Control center of the cell
It contains cell’s genetic material,
DNA
Outer layer is the nuclear membrane
Small pores seen on the nuclear
membrane is called nuclear pores
Also contains nucleolus and chromatin
reticulum
Nucleolus, which is responsible for
the production of ribosome
Chromatin reticulum consist of genes

7. Cytoplasm and Protoplasm
All substance inside the cell membrane
constitute the protoplasm
Cytoplasm is the part of the protoplasm
excluding the nucleus
All factors required for life activities are
present in the cytoplasm
Cell organelles are the specific parts seen in
the cytoplasm to perform physiological
functions

8. Mitochondria
Power house of the cell.
Helps in the production and
storage of energy
Energy is in the form of ATP
Abundantly seen in the cells of
liver, brain, and muscles where
energy requirement is high
Also known as the chemical
factory of the cell

9. Endoplasmic reticulum
The passage of the cell
Conduction of the materials inside the cell takes place
through this organelle
Also known as the cytoskeleton ,as it provides strength and
shape to the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum is in two types
1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
[in which ribosome is attached]
2. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
[in which ribosome is not attached]

10. Ribosome
Centre of protein synthesis
Seen either attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum or free in the
cytoplasm
Golgi complex
Known as ‘Traffic police’ of the
cell
Collects cell secretions like
enzymes, hormones, mucous etc.,
in the vesicles
Seen plenty in granular cells

11. Covered by a characteristic
membrane called tonoplast
Stores water, salts, excretory
materials etc.
Chloroplast
 The part which photosynthesis takes
place
 Chloroplast contain a green pigment
called chlorophyll, which captures
light energy and converts it into
chemical energy
Vacuole

12. CONCLUSION
In closure, the cells are very important in plant growth and
their sustainability.
The structure of the plant cell is complex and is well built with
different cell organelles.
Each cell organelles have well defined form and peculiar
functions.
The chloroplast is a vital organelle found in plant cell, which is
responsible for photosynthesis.
Overall, chloroplast are essential for the survival of plants and
other photosynthetic organisms as they provide the energy
needed for growth and development.
Study of plant cell is not just an academic pursuit but a
necessity for sustainable development and survival.