Fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial for life and homeostasis. Imbalances can result from various factors and are associated with illness. The body maintains balance through complex mechanisms involving the kidneys, lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Key electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and hydrogen ions must remain within normal ranges to support cellular functions and metabolism. Disruptions to fluid volume or electrolyte concentrations can cause medical issues. Careful monitoring and targeted treatment strategies aim to restore balance.