Wheat flour is produced through a milling process that breaks and grinds wheat kernels to extract the endosperm for flour while removing the bran and germ. The milling process produces different types of flour based on gluten content and particle size. Flour can be made from other grains like corn, rice, rye and produces different flour types based on degree of milling and grain used.
This training was co-organized by SARD-SC and ANRLD of the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research for women farmers drawn from four regions of Ethiopia, vis. Oromia, Tigray, Amhara and Southern.
KEA Exports the company is renowned as a prime Wheat Flour Exporters India The company owns quality certificate and delivers spices of superior quality.
Flour used in bakeries and biscuit factories which is obtained by milling wheat. as flour is the principal ingredient for baked products.
There are various types of flour used which are mentioned below:
All Purpose Flour
Cake Flour
Pastry Flour
Bread Flour
Self-Rising Flour
Whole Wheat Flour
Gluten Free Flour
Oat Flour
Semolina
Baking is a food cooking method that uses prolonged dry heat by convection, rather than by thermal radiation. Heat is gradually transferred "from the surface of cakes, cookies and breads to their centre. As heat travels through it transforms batters and dough into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre".
Bakery products have become essential food items of the vast majority of population. The present day consumer looks for new bakery products, better appeal, taste and convenience from bakery foods. Bakery industry has also an important role in popularizing wheat in non-wheat consuming region of the World.
See more
https://goo.gl/Y6YQsk
https://goo.gl/9qmg6b
https://goo.gl/Vek8Yv
https://goo.gl/t9YniU
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Bakery Manufacturing Process, Bakery Manufacturing, How to Start Manufacturing Project of Confectionery Products Business, Business Ideas that are Easy to Start, Secret to Making Money by Starting Business, Business But Big Profit in India, Small Business Ideas with Small Capital, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners 2017, How to Start Business in India, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Top Easy Small Business Ideas in India, Business Idea without Investment, Small Investment Big Returns, Top Best Small Business Ideas in India, How to Get Rich?, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Low Cost Business Ideas for 2017, Simple Low Cost Business Ideas, Top 5 Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit in India Smart Business Ideas, Very Low Budget Best Business Idea, Low Investment High Profit Business, Low Investment Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Top Profitable Business Ideas in India, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Best Business Ideas for Rural Areas in India & World top Best Small Business Idea, Invest Low, Low-Cost Business Ideas for Introverts, Low Budget Best Small Business Idea for Self Employment, Low Cost Business Ideas With High Profit, Low Cost Business Ideas - What is Low Cost Business to Start?, Start Small Business, Low Cost Business Ideas, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Low Cost Business Ideas with High Profit, Low Cost Small Business Ideas that Actually Work, Business Ideas in India ( Low Investments ), Low Cost Small Business Ideas for India, Best Small Business Ideas in India to Start Business, Best Small Business Ideas,100% Risk Free Business, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Home Based Business Ideas, Best Part Time Business Ideas to Start New Business, Best Idea for Low Budget Business and More Profits
This training was co-organized by SARD-SC and ANRLD of the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research for women farmers drawn from four regions of Ethiopia, vis. Oromia, Tigray, Amhara and Southern.
KEA Exports the company is renowned as a prime Wheat Flour Exporters India The company owns quality certificate and delivers spices of superior quality.
Flour used in bakeries and biscuit factories which is obtained by milling wheat. as flour is the principal ingredient for baked products.
There are various types of flour used which are mentioned below:
All Purpose Flour
Cake Flour
Pastry Flour
Bread Flour
Self-Rising Flour
Whole Wheat Flour
Gluten Free Flour
Oat Flour
Semolina
Baking is a food cooking method that uses prolonged dry heat by convection, rather than by thermal radiation. Heat is gradually transferred "from the surface of cakes, cookies and breads to their centre. As heat travels through it transforms batters and dough into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre".
Bakery products have become essential food items of the vast majority of population. The present day consumer looks for new bakery products, better appeal, taste and convenience from bakery foods. Bakery industry has also an important role in popularizing wheat in non-wheat consuming region of the World.
See more
https://goo.gl/Y6YQsk
https://goo.gl/9qmg6b
https://goo.gl/Vek8Yv
https://goo.gl/t9YniU
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Bakery Manufacturing Process, Bakery Manufacturing, How to Start Manufacturing Project of Confectionery Products Business, Business Ideas that are Easy to Start, Secret to Making Money by Starting Business, Business But Big Profit in India, Small Business Ideas with Small Capital, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners 2017, How to Start Business in India, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Top Easy Small Business Ideas in India, Business Idea without Investment, Small Investment Big Returns, Top Best Small Business Ideas in India, How to Get Rich?, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Low Cost Business Ideas for 2017, Simple Low Cost Business Ideas, Top 5 Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit in India Smart Business Ideas, Very Low Budget Best Business Idea, Low Investment High Profit Business, Low Investment Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Top Profitable Business Ideas in India, Best Low Cost Business Ideas, Best Business Ideas for Rural Areas in India & World top Best Small Business Idea, Invest Low, Low-Cost Business Ideas for Introverts, Low Budget Best Small Business Idea for Self Employment, Low Cost Business Ideas With High Profit, Low Cost Business Ideas - What is Low Cost Business to Start?, Start Small Business, Low Cost Business Ideas, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Low Cost Business Ideas with High Profit, Low Cost Small Business Ideas that Actually Work, Business Ideas in India ( Low Investments ), Low Cost Small Business Ideas for India, Best Small Business Ideas in India to Start Business, Best Small Business Ideas,100% Risk Free Business, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Home Based Business Ideas, Best Part Time Business Ideas to Start New Business, Best Idea for Low Budget Business and More Profits
Basic information about wheat and its uses in the bakery department. Gives knowledge on wheat milling process and the types of Flour used in the bakery
9 Types of Flour You Can Use for Everyday Baking and CookingScullivan
Do you love baking? You're going to love this slideshare all about the different types of flours you can use for all your baking and cooking endeavors!
The modern rice milling machinery can be
divided into two major groups: (1) rice milling
machinery developed in Japan and (2) rice
milling machinery developed in Europe.
• The major operations performed by modern
rice mills are : (1) storage; (2) cleaning; (3)
husking; (4) separation; (5) whitening; and (6)
grading
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Mudde & Rovira Kaltwasser. - Populism - a very short introduction [2017].pdf
Flour Milling
1.
2.
3. Wheat Flour Milling
Wheat Flour?
Wheat flour is a powder made from the grinding of wheat
used for human consumption.
Wheat flour is the most common flour used in baking.
There are different types of wheat flour, and they're
distinguished by the amount of gluten they contain.
Wheat is unique or its protein content (gluten).
4. What is Gluten?
Gluten is protein composite( gliadin and a glutelin) found
in foods processed from wheat and related grain species,
including barley and rye.
It gives elasticity to dough, helping it to rise and to keep
its shape, and often gives the final product chewy texture.
It gives baked goods their structure. When dough is
kneaded, these glutens develop and become firm.
5. • Whole grain flour contains all grain
parts
• Refined, enriched flours are made from
the endosperm only
• Endosperm (83% of kernel)
Energy for plant growth
Carbohydrates; protein for people
• Bran layers (14.5% of kernel)
Protects seed
Fiber, B-vitamins; minerals
• Germ (2.5% of kernel)
Nourishes seed
Antioxidants, Vitamin E, B-vitamins
6. The basic aim of the milling process
-to break the wheat grain, remove the outer bran layers and the
germ .
-to grind the pure endosperm into flour.
This is achieved by a gradual series of operations including
-a breaking stage,
-a reduction stage and
-a series of separations of the ground material by means of both
particle size and density.
THE MODERN FLOUR MILLING PROCESS
7.
8. First wheat is cleaned and conditioned to a suitable moisture
level for milling before passing through the BREAK ROLLS.
The break rolls consist of pairs of fluted rolls running in opposite
directions at a differential speed so that both a shearing and
grinding action is produced.
The stock from the first roll is sieved in a plansifter and branny
material with endosperm adhering is separated and sent to the next
set of break rolls.
Wheat Flour Milling
9. Coarse endosperm chunks (SEMOLINA) and finer endosperm
particles (MIDDLINGS) are separated in the purifier and sent to the
reduction rolls.
Any remaining fine bran particles may be removed by the purifier
using a combination or sieves and air currents.
Generally, four break stages are used with successively finer flutings
and gap settings for each stage.
After the final break stage, bran is removed as commercial mill bran.
The coarse endosperm particles are ground to flour using smooth
REDUCTION ROLLS.
After each grinding, flour is removed by sieving in a plansifter and
overtailings of the sieves are sent to subsequent reduction rolls.
Wheat Flour Milling
10. The number of reduction stages depends on the flour yield
required but in recent years, the number of stages has gradually
been reduced by the use of impact equipment (flake disruptors,
entoleters).
After the final reduction roll, any remaining fine bran, endosperm
and germ is removed as POLLARD.
Germ is normally flattened on the reduction rolls and, in certain
mills, separated by sieving.
The amount separated is generally less than 2%.
Bran and pollard are sold as animal feeds, although bran and
germ are also packaged separately for human consumption.
Flour Milling
11. EXTRACTION RATE
The number of parts by weight of flour that is produced from one hundred
parts of wheat is termed the FLOUR YIELD or EXTRACTION RATE.
This figure is used as an index of the overall efficiency of a flour milling
system.
In practice, the limit of white flour extraction has been 75-79%;
Further they increases in the extraction rate lead to darker flour colour and
higher ash and fibre contents which adversely affect the breads baked from them.
Milling to produce white flour results in the removal of varying amounts of
bran, pollard and germ which together constitute 12-15% of the grain by weight.
The national average extraction rate has been reported as 75.8% with a range
of 69-80% depending on the efficiency of the mill.
12. DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS DURING MILLING
Wheat flour is an excellent source of complex carbohydrates.
Other than gluten flour, all types of wheat flour derive at least 80
percent of their calories from carbohydrates.
Depending on the flour type, the percent of calories from protein
ranges from 9 to 15 percent, except from gluten, which has 45
percent protein content.
Flour, comprising about 75-78% of the total mill products, generally
contains 90-95% of the grains protein, 50% of the thiamin (vitamin
B1), and 30-60% of the minerals.
Bran and pollard contain most of the grains fiber and a variable
amount of the vitamins and minerals.
13. Types of wheat Flour
1. Hard wheat flour: including hard white, hard red winter,
and hard red spring wheat have a high protein content
(ranging from 10 to 14 percent), which means the gluten
forming capacity is also higher, suitable for baking yeast
breads and similar products.
2. Soft wheat flour: include soft white and soft red winter,
which are both used for products, such as cakes, cookies.
The protein content of soft wheat varieties, such as cake
and pastry flour, usually ranges from 6 to 10 percent.
3. Durum wheat flour : is the hardest wheat grown. It is
used almost exclusively for making pasta and is most often
ground into a granular flour with a light yellow color known
as semolina,
14. Classifications of wheat flour based on gluten content
and purposes of use
1. All-Purpose Flour: All-purpose flour is formulated to have
a medium gluten content of around 12 percent or so.
2. Bread flour is a strong flour, meaning that it has a
relatively high gluten content — usually around 13 to 14
percent.
3. Cake flour is made from soft wheat and has a lower
gluten content — around 7 to 9 percent. Its grains are
visibly finer than bread flour, and it is much whiter in color.
Its fine, soft texture makes it preferable for tender cakes
and pastries
15. 4. Pastry flour is slightly stronger than cake flour, at
around 9 to 10 percent gluten.
It can be used for biscuits, muffins, cookies, pie doughs
and softer yeast doughs.
It has a slightly more off-white color than cake flour.
16. NON-WHEAT FLOURS
Types of Flour Ground from Corn
Several varieties of corn are used to produce different types
of corn flour. The degree in which the corn is milled and
processed also determines the type of flour that is produced.
Corn Flour
A type of flour milled from dried kernels of yellow corn. Corn
flour is very useful for gluten-free quick breads.
Because corn flour contains no gluten, it must be blended
with wheat flour when preparing yeasted breads.
17. Types of Flour Ground from Rice
Rice flour is produced from uncooked rice that has been
ground into a powder ranging from course to very fine. Rice
ground to a course texture is often used in baked items such
as cookies and cakes.
Standard rice flour is available in brown or white varieties.
Brown Rice Flour
Brown rice flour is a type of flour made from rice kernels
that have been processed to remove the outer hulls, but not
the nutritious bran layers covering the kernel.
When the kernels are ground into flour, the resulting color is
only a shade darker than flour milled from polished rice and
the texture is not quite as smooth.
18. White Rice Flour
White rice flour is a type of flour produced from
grinding polished rice (the bran and germ have been
removed) into a powder.
White rice flour can be used as a thickening agent for
sauces and puddings.
It is also very popular for the preparation of a variety of
Asian noodles.
It is used in some baked goods, such as cakes,
cookies
19. Types of Flour Ground from Rye
Rye flour is produced from grinding the grains of rye into a
powder.
Like most other types of flour produced from grains, rye
flour may be ground into varying degrees of fineness ranging
from course to very fine.
It also is available in light, medium, and dark varieties
according to the quantity of bran included in the flour.
The type of protein necessary for gluten formation is lower
in rye than wheat, but it is higher than in most other grains.
Rye flour is often combined with wheat flour when baking
risen breads.
20. Light Rye Flour
During the milling process, the bran is removed from the rye
to produce light rye flour, which is a lightly colored and very
starchy version of rye flour. It is often used for making crusty
black breads.
Medium Rye Flour
Medium rye flour contains some bran, but not as much as
darker versions of rye flour. It is widely used in a variety of rye
breads and other baked goods.
Dark Rye Flour
Dark rye flour is produced from the whole grain minus the
husk. The bran and the germ are retained, which are full of
nutrients.
21. Types of Non-Wheat Flour Ground from Other Grains
Barley Flour
Barley flour is usually produced from barley, which
refers to barley that has been polished to remove the
husk and the bran.
After the malting process has removed the sugar and
starch, the remaining barley (known as malted barley
flour), is steam dried, milled, and sifted to provide the
finished flour product.
22. Oat Flour
Oat flour is produced from hulled and cleaned oats. It is
also ground from rolled oats or oatmeal. Oat flour adds
texture and a rich nutlike flavor to breads and other
baked goods
Seven-Grain Flour or composite flour:
Seven-grain flour is a commercially blended flour
mixture of seven ground grains consisting of wheat, rye,
corn, oats, barley, millet, and flax (or triticale). Usually
used for the manufacturing of baked products.
23. Sorghum Flour
Sorghum, which has a sweet, nutty flavor, is often milled
into flour, but it lacks gluten, so it isn't suitable for making
yeast breads.
Some other non wheat flours are:
buckwheat flour , casava flour, potato flour, chapati
flour , chickpea flour