Five generations of applied linguistics
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Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that applies linguistic theories and knowledge about language to solve real-world language problems. It aims to answer how linguistic models can be used to address practical language issues. Applied linguistics involves utilizing what is known about language, how it is learned and used. Key areas include foreign language education, methodology, and second language acquisition theory and pedagogy. It is defined as using linguistic research findings to improve tasks involving language. The primary goal of applied linguistics is to make abstract linguistic ideas practical and relevant to solving basic language problems.
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Applied linguistics
Applied linguistics is the interdisciplinary study of language and its applications in real world contexts. It draws on linguistic theories and research to solve practical language-related problems. Key areas include second language acquisition, teaching methodology, testing, and the relationships between language and society, technology, and other fields. Throughout the 20th century, applied linguistics influenced the development of language teaching methods, shifting the focus from grammar translation to more communicative, meaning-based approaches grounded in theories of language acquisition and use.
Types of syllabus design
Product Syllabus : product syllabuses are those in which the focus is on the knowledge and skills which learners should gain as a result of instruction.
4.2. process syllabuses are those which focus on the learning experiences themselves.
. Synthetic syllabus: segment the target language into discrete linguistic items.
Different parts of language are taught separately.
4.4 . Analytic Syllabi: focus on the learner and his needs and on the kinds of linguistic
performance necessary to achieve those goals .
4.5. Type A: This type deals with what should be learned in a second language classroom.
4.6. Type B : Consider the question of how a second language should be learned.
Five generations of Applied Linguistics
This document discusses the field of applied linguistics. It provides several definitions of applied linguistics, including that it utilizes linguistic research findings to improve practical language-related tasks, and that it mediates between linguistic theory and real-world practice. Applied linguistics involves what we know about language, how it is learned, and how it is used. The document also outlines five generations of applied linguistics characterized by different approaches, and distinguishes linguistics as the scientific study of language from applied linguistics which puts linguistic theories into practice in various language-related fields.
Applied linguisticss
Applied linguistics is the scientific study of language in real world contexts. It involves applying theories of linguistics to understand and solve language-related problems. Applied linguistics draws from fields like linguistics, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics. It focuses on areas such as second language teaching and language testing. Applied linguistics aims to investigate language learning and teaching issues and find practical solutions. It has played an important role in addressing language problems faced by people around the world.
Corpus Linguistics
Corpus linguistics is the study of language based on large collections of real-world language samples stored electronically. It allows for reliable, accurate, and replicable analysis of language at a large scale and in new ways not previously possible. A corpus is a large collection of written or spoken language samples that is stored electronically and can be analyzed using specialized software. Corpus linguistics provides insights into language usage that were previously difficult to obtain at a large scale through computer-assisted analysis of large text collections.
Applied Linguistics & Language Teaching
This document discusses the relationship between applied linguistics and language teaching. It defines applied linguistics as the theoretical and empirical investigation of real-world language problems. It explores how applied linguistics can positively impact language teachers by informing areas like teaching methods, materials development, and testing. The document also examines how linguistics, applied linguistics, and language teaching are interrelated and how descriptions of language can improve teaching.
Process oriented syllabus
This document discusses different types of syllabus design, including procedural, task-based, and content syllabuses. Procedural and task-based syllabuses focus on classroom processes and tasks rather than linguistic items or communicative skills. They specify activities for learners to engage in class. Task-based syllabuses select tasks as the basic unit of planning and justify this based on pedagogical and psycholinguistic reasons. Content syllabuses derive experiential content from subject areas to provide the starting point for the syllabus.
Linguistic Imperialism
The document discusses the theory of linguistic imperialism proposed by Robert Phillipson. Linguistic imperialism refers to the dominance of English asserted through establishing structural and cultural inequalities between English and other languages. Phillipson argues that English dominance is maintained in former colonies and increasingly in Europe through policies promoting English be taught monolingually from an early age with native English speakers. This can endanger other languages and local cultural identity over time. The document also examines arguments used to promote English learning.
Recommended
Applied linguistics
Applied linguistics is the interdisciplinary study of language and its applications in real world contexts. It draws on linguistic theories and research to solve practical language-related problems. Key areas include second language acquisition, teaching methodology, testing, and the relationships between language and society, technology, and other fields. Throughout the 20th century, applied linguistics influenced the development of language teaching methods, shifting the focus from grammar translation to more communicative, meaning-based approaches grounded in theories of language acquisition and use.
Types of syllabus design
Product Syllabus : product syllabuses are those in which the focus is on the knowledge and skills which learners should gain as a result of instruction.
4.2. process syllabuses are those which focus on the learning experiences themselves.
. Synthetic syllabus: segment the target language into discrete linguistic items.
Different parts of language are taught separately.
4.4 . Analytic Syllabi: focus on the learner and his needs and on the kinds of linguistic
performance necessary to achieve those goals .
4.5. Type A: This type deals with what should be learned in a second language classroom.
4.6. Type B : Consider the question of how a second language should be learned.
Five generations of Applied Linguistics
This document discusses the field of applied linguistics. It provides several definitions of applied linguistics, including that it utilizes linguistic research findings to improve practical language-related tasks, and that it mediates between linguistic theory and real-world practice. Applied linguistics involves what we know about language, how it is learned, and how it is used. The document also outlines five generations of applied linguistics characterized by different approaches, and distinguishes linguistics as the scientific study of language from applied linguistics which puts linguistic theories into practice in various language-related fields.
Applied linguisticss
Applied linguistics is the scientific study of language in real world contexts. It involves applying theories of linguistics to understand and solve language-related problems. Applied linguistics draws from fields like linguistics, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics. It focuses on areas such as second language teaching and language testing. Applied linguistics aims to investigate language learning and teaching issues and find practical solutions. It has played an important role in addressing language problems faced by people around the world.
Corpus Linguistics
Corpus linguistics is the study of language based on large collections of real-world language samples stored electronically. It allows for reliable, accurate, and replicable analysis of language at a large scale and in new ways not previously possible. A corpus is a large collection of written or spoken language samples that is stored electronically and can be analyzed using specialized software. Corpus linguistics provides insights into language usage that were previously difficult to obtain at a large scale through computer-assisted analysis of large text collections.
Applied Linguistics & Language Teaching
This document discusses the relationship between applied linguistics and language teaching. It defines applied linguistics as the theoretical and empirical investigation of real-world language problems. It explores how applied linguistics can positively impact language teachers by informing areas like teaching methods, materials development, and testing. The document also examines how linguistics, applied linguistics, and language teaching are interrelated and how descriptions of language can improve teaching.
Process oriented syllabus
This document discusses different types of syllabus design, including procedural, task-based, and content syllabuses. Procedural and task-based syllabuses focus on classroom processes and tasks rather than linguistic items or communicative skills. They specify activities for learners to engage in class. Task-based syllabuses select tasks as the basic unit of planning and justify this based on pedagogical and psycholinguistic reasons. Content syllabuses derive experiential content from subject areas to provide the starting point for the syllabus.
Linguistic Imperialism
The document discusses the theory of linguistic imperialism proposed by Robert Phillipson. Linguistic imperialism refers to the dominance of English asserted through establishing structural and cultural inequalities between English and other languages. Phillipson argues that English dominance is maintained in former colonies and increasingly in Europe through policies promoting English be taught monolingually from an early age with native English speakers. This can endanger other languages and local cultural identity over time. The document also examines arguments used to promote English learning.
What is Applied Linguistics?
This document provides an overview of applied linguistics and how knowledge of linguistics can help teachers support English learners. It defines applied linguistics as investigating and addressing language-related problems in both first and second language acquisition. The document outlines key aspects of linguistics including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It explains that while teachers do not need the same depth of knowledge as applied linguistics experts, they should understand language acquisition theories and how knowledge of linguistics can help them teach English, support communication skills, evaluate students appropriately considering their backgrounds, and socialize students into the school culture.
Grammatical based syllabus. Akram Jabar Najim
Grammatical based syllabus.
M.A Candidate : Akram Jabar Najim
Supervisor by Asst. Prof. Dr. Dhea Mizhir
University of Baghdad
Applied linguistics revision of theories
The document discusses four major theories of second language acquisition:
1) The behaviorist perspective which focuses on habit formation through practice and reinforcement.
2) The innatist perspective which posits that humans have an innate Universal Grammar that facilitates language learning.
3) The cognitive/developmental perspective which explains language learning through general theories of learning like information processing and interaction.
4) The sociocultural perspective which views language development as arising through social interaction, such as interacting within one's Zone of Proximal Development.
Critical Language Awareness
Critical Language Awareness commonly described CLA is a prerequisite technique to Critical Discourse Analysis. CLA is primarily an understanding that makes us competent socially, politically, ideologically and among various discourses and contexts of different linguistic variations.
(Applied linguistics) shmitt's book ch 1
Applied linguistics uses knowledge about language, how it is learned, and how it is used to solve real-world problems. It includes areas like second language teaching, literacy, speech pathology, and translation. Applied linguistics has developed over the 20th century through different language teaching methods like the direct method, grammar translation, and audiolingualism. More recently, it views language in holistic and integrative ways rather than discrete skills, and considers the language learner's perspective. It also takes new approaches to teaching the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Applied linguistics often lacks definitive answers because language occurs between people and in the mind.
Linguistic imperialism
This document discusses the concepts of linguistic imperialism and linguicism. It defines linguistic imperialism as the imposition of one language on speakers of other languages, using English as the primary example. It asserts that linguistic imperialism is a form of cultural imperialism that is propagated through four mechanisms: exploitation, penetration, fragmentation, and marginalization. Linguicism refers to unfair treatment or negative attitudes towards individuals based solely on their use of language, such as discrimination against a person's mother tongue or local dialect. The document contrasts linguicism with other forms of discrimination like sexism and racism.
Applied linguistics: overview
What is Applied Linguistics? (Definitions)
Widdowson (1998, 2000, 2004, 2005)
Corder 1974
Cook (2005, 2006)
Spolsky (2005)
Development of Applied Linguistics
Applied Linguistics Domains
1-Language Policy and Planning
2-Lexicography
3-Clinical linguistics
4-Forensic Linguistics
5-Second Language Acquisition (SLA)
6-Bilingualism
7-Discourse analysis
8-Translation and interpreting
9-Computational linguistics
10-Literacy
11-Pragmatics
Corpus linguistics
The document discusses corpus linguistics and different types of corpora. It defines corpus linguistics as the study of language based on large collections of electronic texts, known as corpora. It describes general corpora, specialized corpora, historical/diachronic corpora, regional corpora, learner corpora, multilingual corpora, comparable corpora, and parallel corpora. It also discusses corpus annotation, concordancing, frequency and keyword lists, collocation, and software used for corpus analysis.
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This presentation is about method used in Applied Linguistics to teach English as a 2nd or foreign language.
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Basic notions; language variation and levels
These slides are very clear to learn about why there are different varieties of English language, and features that make English plural 'Englishes'
Syllabus design
This document discusses syllabus design and different types of syllabi. It defines a syllabus and outlines its key components and functions. It distinguishes between syllabi and curriculum, noting that a syllabus covers topics for a subject while curriculum encompasses broader educational planning. The document also describes different orientations for syllabi, including product-oriented, process-oriented, and natural syllabus approaches. It provides examples of grammatical, functional, analytical, task-based, and content-based syllabi. Overall, the document provides an overview of considerations and steps for effective syllabus design.
Product oriented syllabus1
This document discusses different types of syllabus planning approaches, including product-oriented, process-oriented, analytic, synthetic, grammatical, and functional-notional syllabuses. It explains that product syllabuses focus on the knowledge and skills learners gain, while process syllabuses focus on learning experiences. A synthetic approach teaches language parts separately and gradually builds the whole structure, whereas an analytic approach presents language in chunks of varying difficulty. Grammatical syllabuses break language into discrete units based on grammatical criteria. Functional-notional syllabuses focus on the purposes and meanings expressed through language.
Introduction to error analysis
Error analysis is a technique used to identify, classify, and explain errors made by language learners. It emerged in the 1960s as proposed by Pit Corder and provides insights into the second language acquisition process. Error analysis involves collecting language samples from learners, identifying errors, describing and explaining them, and evaluating or correcting them. It is useful for both learners and teachers as it reveals the problem areas and current status of a learner's language development.
Full summary an_introduction_to_sociolinguistics
This document provides an overview of Chapter One from Janet Holmes' book "An Introduction to Sociolinguistics". It discusses key topics that sociolinguists study such as how social factors influence language varieties and how sociolinguists define terms like variety. Sociolinguists are interested in explaining why people speak differently in different social contexts and how social factors like social distance, status, age and gender impact language varieties and convey social meanings.
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This document discusses the relationship between language, culture, and thought. It makes three key points:
1. Culture can be defined as the knowledge that is learned from other people, either through direct instruction or observation. Since language is learned from others, it is closely connected to culture.
2. Concepts and meanings that underlie language are based on a person's general knowledge and concepts. Understanding language relies on shared knowledge between speakers and listeners.
3. Some concepts and categories may be organized differently in different languages due to cultural differences. While core meanings of words are often shared across languages and cultures, there can be variation, especially in more peripheral concepts. Prototypes provide a framework for analyzing these differences
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This document discusses theories of second language acquisition (SLA). It covers linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural theories including: Universal Grammar, Monitor Theory, Natural Order Hypothesis, Comprehension Input Hypothesis, Affective Filter Hypothesis, Behaviorism, Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis, Cognitive Psychology, Information Processing Theory, Connectionism, Processability Theory, Interactionist Perspectives, Sociocultural Perspectives, Interlanguage, Developmental Sequences, and the role of the first language and instruction in SLA. The document provides an overview of many influential theories that aim to explain how people learn a second language.
Pidgins and creoles
This document provides definitions and information about pidgins and creoles. It discusses how pidgins are contact languages with no native speakers, while creoles develop from pidgins and become the first language of a new generation. It describes the typical characteristics of pidgin and creole languages, including reduced phonology, morphology, and syntax compared to related standard languages. The document also discusses theories about the origins and development of pidgin and creole languages.
Language Attitude by Karahan F
This study examined language attitudes of Turkish students towards English. A questionnaire was administered to 190 Turkish 8th grade students measuring their attitudes on 5-point scales. Results found students have mildly positive attitudes towards English, seeing it as important but not very interesting. Females had more positive attitudes than males. Students exposed to English earlier (ages 0-6) also had more positive attitudes. Students recognized English's importance but were less willing to actively learn it. They welcomed English culture but were ambivalent about using the language in Turkey. The findings partially supported the relationship between positive language attitudes and orientation to learning English.
Bilingualism
This document summarizes key topics from a lesson on teaching bilingually:
- The lesson covers types of bilingualism like compound vs coordinate bilingualism and early vs late bilingualism. It also discusses language mixing phenomena like code-switching and code-mixing.
- The benefits of bilingualism discussed include increased intelligence, better memory and problem solving skills, career advantages, and delaying cognitive decline. Knowing a second language can boost brain function and mental flexibility.
- Bilingualism is shown to have cognitive advantages for developing better language awareness, classification skills, and storytelling compared to monolingualism. Growing up bilingual provides lifelong brain benefits.
Introduction to language teaching
This document discusses language teaching and introduces concepts related to approaches, methods, and techniques in language education. It begins by stating the aim of today's lesson is to reflect on education and language education. It then asks questions about whether teachers are born or made and can teaching be taught. The document goes on to define key terms like approach, method, and technique, explaining that approaches reflect models or paradigms, methods are sets of procedures for teaching a language, and techniques are classroom activities. It encourages writing and reflection on what makes a good teacher.
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Grammatical based syllabus. Akram Jabar Najim
Grammatical based syllabus.
M.A Candidate : Akram Jabar Najim
Supervisor by Asst. Prof. Dr. Dhea Mizhir
University of Baghdad
Applied linguistics revision of theories
The document discusses four major theories of second language acquisition:
1) The behaviorist perspective which focuses on habit formation through practice and reinforcement.
2) The innatist perspective which posits that humans have an innate Universal Grammar that facilitates language learning.
3) The cognitive/developmental perspective which explains language learning through general theories of learning like information processing and interaction.
4) The sociocultural perspective which views language development as arising through social interaction, such as interacting within one's Zone of Proximal Development.
Critical Language Awareness
Critical Language Awareness commonly described CLA is a prerequisite technique to Critical Discourse Analysis. CLA is primarily an understanding that makes us competent socially, politically, ideologically and among various discourses and contexts of different linguistic variations.
(Applied linguistics) shmitt's book ch 1
Applied linguistics uses knowledge about language, how it is learned, and how it is used to solve real-world problems. It includes areas like second language teaching, literacy, speech pathology, and translation. Applied linguistics has developed over the 20th century through different language teaching methods like the direct method, grammar translation, and audiolingualism. More recently, it views language in holistic and integrative ways rather than discrete skills, and considers the language learner's perspective. It also takes new approaches to teaching the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Applied linguistics often lacks definitive answers because language occurs between people and in the mind.
Linguistic imperialism
This document discusses the concepts of linguistic imperialism and linguicism. It defines linguistic imperialism as the imposition of one language on speakers of other languages, using English as the primary example. It asserts that linguistic imperialism is a form of cultural imperialism that is propagated through four mechanisms: exploitation, penetration, fragmentation, and marginalization. Linguicism refers to unfair treatment or negative attitudes towards individuals based solely on their use of language, such as discrimination against a person's mother tongue or local dialect. The document contrasts linguicism with other forms of discrimination like sexism and racism.
Applied linguistics: overview
What is Applied Linguistics? (Definitions)
Widdowson (1998, 2000, 2004, 2005)
Corder 1974
Cook (2005, 2006)
Spolsky (2005)
Development of Applied Linguistics
Applied Linguistics Domains
1-Language Policy and Planning
2-Lexicography
3-Clinical linguistics
4-Forensic Linguistics
5-Second Language Acquisition (SLA)
6-Bilingualism
7-Discourse analysis
8-Translation and interpreting
9-Computational linguistics
10-Literacy
11-Pragmatics
Corpus linguistics
The document discusses corpus linguistics and different types of corpora. It defines corpus linguistics as the study of language based on large collections of electronic texts, known as corpora. It describes general corpora, specialized corpora, historical/diachronic corpora, regional corpora, learner corpora, multilingual corpora, comparable corpora, and parallel corpora. It also discusses corpus annotation, concordancing, frequency and keyword lists, collocation, and software used for corpus analysis.
Direct method in applied linguistics
This presentation is about method used in Applied Linguistics to teach English as a 2nd or foreign language.
Who Speaks English
The document provides an overview of different models for categorizing speakers of English based on whether it is their native, second, or foreign language. It discusses Kachru's three circles model of inner circle (traditional bases), outer circle (former colonies), and expanding circle (other countries). It notes difficulties with these models and proposes some alternatives, including based on competence rather than geography. Sound samples from different English speakers are then provided to test whether the listener can identify a native versus non-native speaker.
Basic notions; language variation and levels
These slides are very clear to learn about why there are different varieties of English language, and features that make English plural 'Englishes'
Syllabus design
This document discusses syllabus design and different types of syllabi. It defines a syllabus and outlines its key components and functions. It distinguishes between syllabi and curriculum, noting that a syllabus covers topics for a subject while curriculum encompasses broader educational planning. The document also describes different orientations for syllabi, including product-oriented, process-oriented, and natural syllabus approaches. It provides examples of grammatical, functional, analytical, task-based, and content-based syllabi. Overall, the document provides an overview of considerations and steps for effective syllabus design.
Product oriented syllabus1
This document discusses different types of syllabus planning approaches, including product-oriented, process-oriented, analytic, synthetic, grammatical, and functional-notional syllabuses. It explains that product syllabuses focus on the knowledge and skills learners gain, while process syllabuses focus on learning experiences. A synthetic approach teaches language parts separately and gradually builds the whole structure, whereas an analytic approach presents language in chunks of varying difficulty. Grammatical syllabuses break language into discrete units based on grammatical criteria. Functional-notional syllabuses focus on the purposes and meanings expressed through language.
Introduction to error analysis
Error analysis is a technique used to identify, classify, and explain errors made by language learners. It emerged in the 1960s as proposed by Pit Corder and provides insights into the second language acquisition process. Error analysis involves collecting language samples from learners, identifying errors, describing and explaining them, and evaluating or correcting them. It is useful for both learners and teachers as it reveals the problem areas and current status of a learner's language development.
Full summary an_introduction_to_sociolinguistics
This document provides an overview of Chapter One from Janet Holmes' book "An Introduction to Sociolinguistics". It discusses key topics that sociolinguists study such as how social factors influence language varieties and how sociolinguists define terms like variety. Sociolinguists are interested in explaining why people speak differently in different social contexts and how social factors like social distance, status, age and gender impact language varieties and convey social meanings.
General linguistics
General linguistics is the scientific study of human language in all its forms without restrictions. It supplies the concepts and categories used to analyze specific languages. General linguistics studies the theoretical bases of language description and the methods used to investigate linguistic phenomena. It also examines the connections between linguistics and other fields like logic, psychology, and the social influences on a language's development and structure. One feature is a dual approach using both structural analysis of a language's systems and sociolinguistic analysis of social influences.
Language, culture and thought
This document discusses the relationship between language, culture, and thought. It makes three key points:
1. Culture can be defined as the knowledge that is learned from other people, either through direct instruction or observation. Since language is learned from others, it is closely connected to culture.
2. Concepts and meanings that underlie language are based on a person's general knowledge and concepts. Understanding language relies on shared knowledge between speakers and listeners.
3. Some concepts and categories may be organized differently in different languages due to cultural differences. While core meanings of words are often shared across languages and cultures, there can be variation, especially in more peripheral concepts. Prototypes provide a framework for analyzing these differences
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This document discusses theories of second language acquisition (SLA). It covers linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural theories including: Universal Grammar, Monitor Theory, Natural Order Hypothesis, Comprehension Input Hypothesis, Affective Filter Hypothesis, Behaviorism, Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis, Cognitive Psychology, Information Processing Theory, Connectionism, Processability Theory, Interactionist Perspectives, Sociocultural Perspectives, Interlanguage, Developmental Sequences, and the role of the first language and instruction in SLA. The document provides an overview of many influential theories that aim to explain how people learn a second language.
Pidgins and creoles
This document provides definitions and information about pidgins and creoles. It discusses how pidgins are contact languages with no native speakers, while creoles develop from pidgins and become the first language of a new generation. It describes the typical characteristics of pidgin and creole languages, including reduced phonology, morphology, and syntax compared to related standard languages. The document also discusses theories about the origins and development of pidgin and creole languages.
Language Attitude by Karahan F
This study examined language attitudes of Turkish students towards English. A questionnaire was administered to 190 Turkish 8th grade students measuring their attitudes on 5-point scales. Results found students have mildly positive attitudes towards English, seeing it as important but not very interesting. Females had more positive attitudes than males. Students exposed to English earlier (ages 0-6) also had more positive attitudes. Students recognized English's importance but were less willing to actively learn it. They welcomed English culture but were ambivalent about using the language in Turkey. The findings partially supported the relationship between positive language attitudes and orientation to learning English.
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Estandares de ingles
El documento presenta los estándares básicos de competencias en inglés desarrollados por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia. Explica que los estándares fueron creados por un equipo de docentes y formadores de diferentes regiones y universidades del país, bajo la coordinación del Ministerio y el Consejo Británico. Además, describe la estructura de los estándares, incluyendo los diferentes niveles de desempeño, competencias comunicativas y habilidades evaluadas.
Lineamientos curriculares idiomas extranjeros
Este documento presenta lineamientos curriculares para idiomas extranjeros. Se enfoca en cuatro áreas principales: contextualización, elementos y enfoques del currículo, formación continua de docentes, y uso de tecnologías nuevas. El objetivo general es que los estudiantes desarrollen competencia comunicativa en otro idioma para integrarse social y culturalmente, y acceder a oportunidades educativas y laborales en un mundo globalizado.
Bilingualism
1. Early research from 1920-1960 associated bilingualism with cognitive deficiencies, lower IQ scores, and even mental retardation. Bilingual children were seen as having terms like "mental confusion" and being up to 3 years behind monolingual peers.
2. Later research in the 1980s established the Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) model which found that bilingualism does not lead to cognitive delays and that both languages share a common foundation that supports cognitive development.
3. Bilingual education utilizes two or more languages for literacy and knowledge acquisition. The degree to which each language is used can vary between bilingual programs.
What is bilingualism
Can bilingualism cause problems for children? Which language should parents speak? Should parents avoid mixing languages? This slideshare accompanies a RALLI film by Dr Vicky Murphy providing some basic information about bilingualism based on the research evidence. http://youtu.be/p9iWG0M5z40
For an index of the RALLI films and slides see: http://ralliindex.blogspot.co.uk
Strategies based instruction
STRATEGIES-BASED INSTRUCTION IS THE WAY OF RESEARCHERS AND TEACHERS ON THE APPLICATION OF BOTH LEARNING AND COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES
CODES in Sociolinguistics
1. Code switching refers to switching between two or more languages or language varieties within a conversation. It can occur between speaker turns or within a single turn.
2. Diglossia describes a stable language situation where two varieties of the same language are used differently, such as a high (H) variety for formal contexts and a low (L) variety for informal contexts.
3. Examples of diglossia include Arabic (H variety for formal contexts vs. colloquial Arabic as L variety), and Swiss German (H variety) vs. local dialects (L varieties). Code switching is a conversational strategy while digloss
Bilingualism: Definitions and Issues
The document discusses various definitions and issues related to bilingualism. It defines different types of bilingualism such as coordinate bilingualism, compound bilingualism, early bilingualism, and late bilingualism. It also addresses debates around whether learning two languages confuses children or not. Specifically, it notes that young bilingual children may mix the two languages but this is usually a temporary phase and does not mean the child is confused by learning both languages.
Bilingualism & Multilingualism
Source:
Wardhaugh, Ronald. 2006. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (5th Ed). Malden,MA: Blackwell
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This document provides an overview of the field of applied linguistics. It defines applied linguistics as using linguistic theories, methods and findings to explain and solve language problems that arise in other domains. The primary concerns of applied linguistics are second language acquisition theory, second language pedagogy, and their interrelationship. The document outlines several domains of applied linguistics, including language teaching and learning, testing, sociolinguistics, and computational linguistics. It also discusses the interdisciplinary nature of applied linguistics and how it combines with fields like psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics. The overall aim is to investigate language learning and teaching problems and find practical solutions.
Unit1_Accessible.pptx
This document provides an introduction to applied linguistics. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and its goals to understand language in general. Applied linguistics is defined as using linguistic knowledge to solve real-world problems involving language. Some key points:
- Applied linguistics developed in the 1950s and uses theories from linguistics, education, psychology, and other fields to address issues like language teaching/learning, literacy, and language policy.
- It occupies an intermediary position, applying knowledge from language-related disciplines to understand and address practical language problems.
- This course will focus on applied linguistics to foreign language teaching and learning. It is organized around subfields like language education, language and
Applied Linguistics.pptx
This document provides an introduction to applied linguistics. It begins by defining linguistics as the scientific study of language and its forms, meanings, and uses. Applied linguistics is then introduced as utilizing linguistic knowledge to solve real-world problems related to language learning, teaching, literacy, policy, and more. The relationship between theoretical linguistics, interdisciplinary linguistics, and applied linguistics is explored. Finally, the document outlines the focus and issues to be discussed in this applied linguistics course, including foreign language teaching methods and syllabus design.
Week 1
Applied linguistics uses knowledge from linguistics and other fields like psychology, sociology, and anthropology to investigate and solve practical language-related problems in various contexts. It applies linguistic theories and methods to issues in areas such as education, workplace communication, language planning, and translation. While linguistics studies language in the abstract, applied linguistics is problem-driven and seeks to understand how language operates in real-world situations. It establishes a reciprocal relationship between theoretical expertise and practical experience with language issues. Applied linguistics plays an important role in language education by drawing on linguistic theories to inform teaching methods and stimulate innovation in language pedagogy.
Applied Linguistics session 111 0_07_12_2021 Applied linguistics challenges.pdf
Applied linguistics is a branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories and methods to solve language-related problems. It originated in the 1950s and draws from various fields like sociology, psychology, and computing. Applied linguistics covers areas like second language teaching, language disorders, and the use of technology for language learning. It aims to improve language efficiency and address issues like how best to teach languages based on social and cultural factors. Corpora, or large electronic collections of authentic texts, are an important tool used in applied linguistics research to study language quantitatively and qualitatively.
History and Definition of Applied Linguistics
Applied Linguistics entails using what we know about language, about how it is used, and about how it is learned in order to solve some problem in the real world.
Field of study that identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language related to problems
How is it different from Linguistics??
Appliedlinguistics
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that identifies and offers solutions to real-world language problems. It utilizes linguistic research to improve practical tasks involving language. Applied linguistics is concerned with language teaching and learning, testing, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, computational linguistics, and translation studies. Over the 20th century, language teaching methods evolved from the grammar translation method to the direct method, audiolingual method, and finally communicative language teaching in response to developments in linguistics, psychology and changes in views about language learning.
Sunu1.pptx applied linguistics general info
Applied linguistics is a branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories and methods to solve language-related problems in other fields. It was first established at the University of Edinburgh in 1956 and focuses on areas like second language teaching, language and society, discourse analysis, and translation. Applied linguistics takes knowledge about language and applies it to improve tasks involving language. It is interdisciplinary and seeks to understand language learning from a cognitive perspective to inform teaching practices.
Applied linguistics ppt
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that identifies and solves real-world language problems. It applies the knowledge of linguistics to improve practical tasks involving language. Some related fields are education, psychology, communication research, anthropology, and sociology. Applied linguistics investigates language learning and teaching problems, the role of language in culture and society, and finds solutions to language issues linguistics cannot solve alone. It covers domains like computational linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, and others.
APPLIED LINGUISTICS IMPACT ON LANGUAGE TEACHERS
Applied linguistics has greatly impacted language teachers in several ways. It has influenced the development of language textbooks by informing how linguistic theories and descriptions are implemented and tested in practice. Applied linguistics also shapes the nature of classroom activities suggested by teachers to enhance learning. Specifically, teachers mediate between theoretical linguistic principles and practical techniques in the classroom to increase the effectiveness of language learning. Additionally, applied linguistics is closely related to curriculum and syllabus design in language education. The Albanian language curriculum, for example, presents grammar knowledge in a linear, chronological order that expands on concepts from grade to grade through integrated reading, speaking, writing, and grammar exercises.
What is applied linguistics
Applied linguistics is the branch of linguistics concerned with practical applications of language studies, such as language teaching, translation, and speech therapy. It involves solving language-related problems or addressing language-related concerns. Early applied linguistics work focused on improving foreign language teaching using a scientific approach. Over time, applied linguistics has evolved to encompass many disciplines and contexts involving language issues in fields such as law, speech pathology, and language planning. Modern applied linguists study topics like multilingualism, literacy, and language policies with the goal of providing practical insights for language users.
Revisiting linguistic preparation: Some new directions arising from researchi...
Fay, R. (University of Manchester), Andrews, J. (University of the West of England), Holmes, P. and Attia, M. (Durham University), Revisiting linguistic preparation: Some new directions arising from researching multilingually. Paper presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL), hosted by Aston University, September 3rd – 5th, 2015.
A taste of applied linguistics
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that addresses practical language-related problems in order to improve lives and society. It draws on theories and methods from linguistics as well as other disciplines like education, sociology, and psychology. Applied linguistics aims to identify, analyze, and solve language problems through existing linguistic theories or by developing new frameworks. It focuses on empirically investigating real-world language issues, unlike purely theoretical linguistics. Some key areas of applied linguistics include second language acquisition, literacy, language policy, discourse analysis, and computer-mediated communication.
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The document provides an overview of applied linguistics, including:
- Its origins in the 1940s through efforts to ally language teaching with linguistics.
- Definitions that describe it as concerned with investigating and solving real-world problems involving language.
- Its problem-based and interdisciplinary nature in drawing on linguistics and other fields like psychology to address issues in areas like language teaching, literacy, and language policy.
- Key topics it addresses including language learning, teaching, assessment, use, and pathology.
- Its focus on applying linguistic knowledge to resolve language problems people face in various contexts.
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This document provides an introduction to applied linguistics. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and communication. Applied linguistics involves using linguistic research to solve real-world problems in various fields like education, law, and media. The document outlines key areas of applied linguistics like language teaching and learning, workplace communication, and translation. It also describes the focus of the course, including first language acquisition, the relationship between language and the mind/brain, and individual differences in language use.
Applied linguistics presentation
The document discusses applied linguistics and interdisciplines. It defines applied linguistics as using linguistic theories and methods to solve language problems in other fields. The history of applied linguistics is discussed, along with its aims to study language learning and teaching and solve related problems. Interdisciplines that applied linguistics interacts with are sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, and various applied areas like education, speech therapy, computing, and international relations.
An overview of applied linguistics with defintion
Applied linguistics uses knowledge about language, its acquisition and use to solve real-world problems. Traditional areas of focus include second language acquisition theory, pedagogy and their interface. Other areas are authorship identification, forensic linguistics, and language disorders. Applied linguistics has expanded to include language and its relation to assessment, the brain, cognition, culture, ideology, instruction, interaction, media, policy, reading, research methodology, society, speaking, technology, translation and writing. The field has developed from a focus on discrete language elements to more holistic perspectives considering social and contextual factors.
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Five generations of applied linguistics
- 2. What‘s applied Linguistics • It is an inter an trans disciplinary approach • identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real life problems. • For Applied Linguistics, the central question is: - How far can existing models of description in linguistics be used to resolve the practical problems of language use we are concerned with?
- 4. Linguistics v/s Applied Linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It endeavours to answer the question-what is language and how is represented in the mind? • Oriented to the solution of linguistic problems. • It puts linguistic theories into practice in areas such as foreign language teaching, speech therapy, translation, and speech pathology
- 5. John 3,16
- 6. Defining the Scope of AL “AL is the utilization of the knowledge about the nature of language achieved by linguistic research for the improvement of the efficiency of some practical task in which language is a central component.” (Corder, 1974, p. 24) (Ibid.)
- 7. Defining the Scope of AL • “Whenever knowledge about language is used to solve a basic language-related problem, one may say that applied linguistics is being practiced. • AL is a technology which makes abstract ideas and research findings accessible and relevant to the real world; it mediates between theory and practice.” • (Strevens, 1992, p. 76)(Ibid.)
- 8. Defining the Scope of AL • • • • • Therefore, applied linguistics involves a- what we know about language b- how it is learned c- how it is used • The primary concern of applied linguistics has been second language acquisition theory, second language pedagogy and the interrelationship of both areas.
- 9. Five generations of Applied Linguistics John 3,16
- 10. • What is our vision, what are the perspectives that support our work? • What underlying views and assumptions colour and determine our actions? • How is the world organized, and how do our own endeavours fit into that structure? John 3,16
- 11. Five generations of ALx Description Characterised by 1 Linguistic / behaviourist ‘scientific’ approach 2 Linguistic ‘extended paradigm model’ language is a social phenomenon 3 Multi-disciplinary model attention also to learning theory and pedagogy 4 Second language acquisition research experimental research into how languages are learned 5 Constructivism knowledge of a new language is interactively John 3,16
- 12. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira Facultad de Bellas Artes y Humanidades Departamento de Humanidades e Idiomas