Applied Linguistics entails using what we know about language, about how it is used, and about how it is learned in order to solve some problem in the real world.
Field of study that identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language related to problems
How is it different from Linguistics??
Description of the subsystems of language and how teachers can draw on their knowledge of language and its subsystems to support ELs in their acquisition of language
Description of the subsystems of language and how teachers can draw on their knowledge of language and its subsystems to support ELs in their acquisition of language
Linguistics and The Teacher
Yaseen Taha
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u Is linguistics a method of teaching?
u Many language teachers and learners tend to
ask this question: Why should we teach or learn
linguistics?
u What is the importance of linguistics?
u What do linguistics and teacher deal with?
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What is Linguistics?
u What are the main branches of linguistics?
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. There are three
aspects to this study: language form, language meaning, and
language in context
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u phonetics (the study of the production, acoustics and
hearing of speech sounds)
u phonology (the patterning of sounds)
u morphology (the structure of words)
u syntax (the structure of sentences)
u semantics (meaning)
u pragmatics (language in context)
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Linguistics?
Phonetics
sounds
Phonology
sounds
Morpholog
y words
Syntax
sentence
Semantics
meaning
Pragmatics
meaning
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u Linguistics is a major that gives you insight into one of the
most intriguing aspects of human knowledge and behavior.
Majoring in linguistics means that you will learn about
many aspects of human language, including sounds
(phonetics, phonology), words (morphology), sentences
(syntax), and meaning (semantics). It can involve looking
at how languages change over time (historical linguistics);
how language varies from situation to situation, group to
group, and place to place (sociolinguistics, dialectology);
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u how people use language in context (pragmatics,
discourse analysis); how to model aspects of
language (computational linguistics); how people
acquire or learn language (language acquisition);
how people process language (psycholinguistics,
experimental linguistics); how language relates to
historical, social, and cultural issues
(anthropological linguistics); how language is
taught in a classroom setting, or how students
learn language (applied linguistics).
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One very good reason for studying linguistics is that
language is what makes us distinctly human. Lederer (1991)
puts it in the strongest terms: âThe birth of language is the
dawn of humanity âŚ. before we had words, we were not
human beingsâ
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u The relationship between linguistics and second language
teaching has always been a controversial one. Many linguists
have argued that linguistics has nothing to say to the teacher.
Sampson (1980, p.10), says: "I do not believe that linguistics has
any contribution to make to the teaching of English or the
standard Europea
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5. When did it
begin?
ď§ It is an Anglo-American Coinage
ď§ 1956: at the University of Edinburgh School
of Applied Linguistics
ď§ 1957: at the Center of Applied Linguistics
in Washington D.C
ď§ 1967:The British Association of Applied
Linguistics (BAAL) was formally established
5
ď§ 1960s -1970s: applied linguistics was about language
teaching.
ď§ Its dedication to language teaching had been remarked in other
areas of language use, especially institutional language use
6. The Source
and Target
The Source
What Applied linguistics draws on?
â psychology, sociology, education, measurement
theory and so on.
6
The Target
What Applied linguistics equips us to do?
â The target clearly cannot be anything and
everything to do with language.
â focus on language teaching: for example, speech
therapy, translation and language planning.
8. 8
Cook (2003: 20)
âthe task of applied
linguistics is to mediate
between linguistics and
language useâ
âthe academic discipline
concerned with the
relation of knowledge
about language to
decision making in the
real world.â (5)
Richard et.al (2000: 28)
âthe study of second
and foreign language
learning and teachingâ
âthe study of language
and linguistics in
relation to practical
problemsâ
9. âApplied Linguistics entails using what we know
about language, about how it is used, and about
how it is learned in order to solve some problem in
the real world.
Field of study that identifies, investigates, and offers
solutions to language related to problems
9
12. Discursive
Do you still
remember what
Linguistics is?
A study about
language
12
Linguistics is primarily
concerned with the nature of
language and communication
Form
Meaning
Use
communicative
14. Linguistics
is concerned with
language in itself and
in findings ways of
analysing language
and building theories
that describe
language.
Focus
Applied Linguistics
is concerned with the
role of language in
peoplesâ lives and
problems associated
with language use in
peoplesâ lives.
14
16. Linguistics
â What features are common to all human languages?
â What is language and how is it organized?
â How are the modes of linguistic communication
(speech, writing, sign language of the deaf) related to
each other?
Sample of
Questions
Applied Linguistics
âHow can we teach languages better?
âHow can we diagnose speech pathologies better?
âHow can we improve the training of translators?
âHow can we develop valid language examinations?
âHow can we determine the literacy levels of a population?
16
18. o Applied linguistics mediates position between
language related disciplines (linguistics,
psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics) and
professional practice
It uses theories/principles from language related
disciplines in order to understand language related
issues and to solve language related problems.
Applied linguistics conducts research into
professional practice and on the basis of the results
develops theory.
18
19. 19
AppliedLinguistics
Linguistics
(the study of the nature, structure and variation of language).
Education (teaching, learning, acquisition, assessment).
Sociology
(the scientific study of human behavior and the study of society).
Psychology (the science of mind and behavior, and the application
of such knowledge of various spheres of human activity).
Anthropology
(the scientific study of the origin and behavior of people).
21. Applied
Linguistics
to foreign
language
teaching and
learning
⢠EAP, ESP, EYL,
⢠CALL/TELL,
⢠Materials development
and evaluation,
⢠Syllabus design and
language curriculum
development,
⢠Language testing,
⢠Language teaching
methods and techniques,
⢠Language teacher training
and education,
⢠Research into second and
foreign language learning,
⢠Language education
policies and language
planning,
⢠Educational technology
and language learning,
⢠Immersion education,
⢠Language education in
multilingual settings.
23. References:
Davies, Allan. (2007). Introduction to Applied Linguistics:
From Practice to Theory (2nd ed.) Edinburg: Edinburgh
University Press.
Pole, Brian. (2015). A History of Applied Linguistics, Kees
de Bot (Ed.). Routledge, London and New York. xiv Ăž
154 pp.
Richards, Jack C. and Richard W. Schmidt, Longman
Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied
Linguistics, (2010) Harlow: Longman
đ
23