Basics of fire alarm systems and bildge alarm systems in sri lanka navy crafts. Also included spares what are using and construction of photoelectric smoke detector.

1. FIRE ALARM & BILDGE ALARM
SYSTEM
1
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AL 104219
SRI LANKA NAVY

2. 2
FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS
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3. 3
WHY ARE FIRE DETECTION AND
ALARM SYSTEMS REQUIRED?
Detect fire in the areas.
Notify building occupants to take evasive action to escape the dangers of a
hostile fire.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control activities.
Initiate automatic fire control & suppression systems & to sound alarm.
Supervise fire control & suppression systems to assure operational status is
maintained Initiate auxiliary functions involving environmental, utility &
process controls
 Systems may incorporate one or all of these functions
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4. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM
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5. 5
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM DIAGRAM
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6. 6
FIRE ALARM PANEL
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HEAT DETECTORS
1. fixed temp type heat detector
2. rate-of-rise type heat detector
SMOKE DETECTORS
1. Photoelectric
2. Ionization
FLAME DETECTORS
1. Ultraviolet light (UV)
2. Infrared (IR)
FIRE-GAS DETECTORS
INPUT DEVICES
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INPUT DEVICES
Heat Detectors Smoke Detectors
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INPUT DEVICES
Manual call point
When shorted trips an alarm (usually fire)
Installed in the normal exit path
Types of manual call points
Single Action
 Pull handle once
Break Glass
 Glass rod or plate is broken
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TYPES OF MANUAL CALL POINTS
BREAK GLASS PULL HANDLE ONCE
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PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR
Uses a photocell coupled with a specific light source.
Basically smoke entering the smoke detector chamber
disrupts the light beam causing an alarm signal to be initiated.
More sensitive to smoldering fires
1: Optical Chamber
2: Cover
3: Case Moulding
4: Photodiode (Detector)
5: Infrared LED
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AUDIBLE OUTPUT DEVICES
An audible alarm signal lets people know the alarm system has
been activated
Devices may be mounted inside or outside based on level of
protection required
May consist of: Sirens
Bells
Buzzers
Horns
Voice Drivers EA IV TA SENEVIRATHNA

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VISUAL OUTPUT DEVICES
A visual signal lets users know the status of the alarm system if
activated
Visual devices may be mounted inside or outside
May consist of...
Strobe lights
LED’s
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DETERMINING LAYOUT OF THE
FIRE DETECTORS
• The design, construction and operational features of all types of
detectors shall be in accordance with relevant standards.
• The number of fire detectors to be installed is governed by
• total area to be protected
• type of ship construction
• air movement & air velocity
• panelling obstructions
• concentration of equipment in the area covered
• sensitivity required
• Area is divided into zones to be protected
• The zones of individual detectors should overlap and no blind
zone should be left.
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• Areas above false ceiling and below false flooring shall be
considered as separate zones.
• Under ideal conditions of smooth ceiling and average room
size, one detector is recommended to protect the area.
• Ionisation type detectors should be located where the largest
combustible gas concentration can be expected.
• In the air conditioned areas both ionisation and optical type
smoke detectors are used.
• Detectors must always installed at the highest point of the
ceiling and minimum coverage indicated by manufacture shall
be considered.
• The number of detectors and their location should be so
selected that complete coverage is obtained
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BILDGE ALARM SYSTEMS
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WHY ARE BILDGE ALARM
SYSTEMS REQUIRED?
Detect flooding situations in the areas.
Summon organized assistance to initiate or assist in fire control
activities.
Initiate automatic bildge control & suppression systems & to
sound alarm.
Supervise bildge control & suppression systems to assure
operational status is maintained initiate auxiliary functions
involving environmental, utility & process controls
Systems may incorporate one or all of these functions
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SIMPLE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
BILDGE ALARM SYSTEMS
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BILDGE ALARM PANEL
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BILDGE ALARM PANEL INPUT &
OUTPUT TERMINALS
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INPUT DEVICES
FLOATER SWITCH
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AUDIBLE OUTPUT DEVICES
An audible alarm signal lets people know the bildge
alarm system has been activated
Devices may be mounted inside or outside based on
level of protection required
May consist of:
Sirens
Bells
Buzzers
Horns
Voice Drivers
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VISUAL OUTPUT DEVICES
A visual signal lets users know the status of the alarm
system if activated
Visual devices may be mounted inside or outside
May consist of...
Strobe lights
LED’s
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25. 25
QUESTIONS???
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